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Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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In August 1908, a white mob attacked Springfield, Illinois’s Black community, destroying homes and businesses and lynching two Black men. National outrage over the violence helped spur the movement that created the NAACP the following year.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
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Agent-oriented software engineering (AOSE) is a software engineering paradigm that arose to apply best practice in the development of complex Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) by focusing on the use of agents, and organizations (communities) of agents as the main abstractions. The field of Software Product Lines (SPL) covers all the software development lifecycle necessary to develop a family of products where the derivation of concrete products is made systematically and rapidly.
Several benchmarks have been developed to evaluate the capabilities of AI coding agents and large language models in software engineering tasks. Here are some of the key benchmarks:
| Benchmark | Description |
|---|---|
| SWE-bench | Assesses the ability of AI models to solve real-world software engineering issues sourced from GitHub repositories. The benchmark involves:
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| ML-Agent-Bench | Designed to evaluate AI agent performance on machine learning tasks |
| τ-Bench | τ-Bench is a benchmark developed by Sierra AI to evaluate AI agent performance and reliability in real-world settings. It focuses on:
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| WebArena | Evaluates AI agents in a simulated web environment. The benchmark tasks include:
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| AgentBench | A benchmark designed to assess the capabilities of AI agents in handling multi-agent coordination tasks. The key areas of evaluation include:
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| MMLU-Redux | An enhanced version of the MMLU benchmark, focusing on evaluating AI models across a broad range of academic subjects and domains. It measures:
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| McEval | A coding benchmark designed to test AI models' ability to solve coding challenges. The benchmark evaluates:
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| CS-Bench | A specialized benchmark for evaluating AI performance in computer science-related tasks. The key focus areas include:
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| WildBench | Tests AI models in understanding and reasoning about real-world wild environments. It emphasizes:
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| Test of Time | A benchmark that focuses on evaluating AI models' ability to reason about temporal sequences and events over time. It assesses:
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There are several software engineering (SWE) agent systems in development. Here are some examples:
| SWE Agent System | Backend LLM |
|---|---|
| Salesforce Research DEIBASE-1 | gpt4o |
| Cosine Genie | Fine-tuned OpenAI GPT |
| CodeStory Aide | gpt4o + Claude 3.5 Sonnet |
| AbenteAI MentatBot | gpt4o |
| Salesforce Research DEIBASE-2 | gpt4o |
| Salesforce Research DEI-Open | gpt4o |
| Bytedance MarsCode | gpt4o |
| Alibaba Lingma | gpt-4-1106-preview |
| Factory Code Droid | Anthropic + OpenAI |
| AutoCodeRover | gpt4o |
| Amazon Q Developer | (unknown) |
| CodeR | gpt-4-1106-preview |
| MASAI | (unknown) |
| SIMA | gpt4o |
| Agentless | gpt4o |
| Moatless Tools | Claude 3.5 Sonnet |
| IBM Research Agent | (unknown) |
| Aider | gpt4o + Claude 3 Opus |
| OpenDevin + CodeAct | gpt4o |
| AgileCoder | (various) |
| ChatDev | (unknown) |
| MetaGPT | gpt4o |
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Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Agent-oriented software engineering (AOSE) is a software engineering paradigm that arose to apply best practice in the development of complex Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) by focusing on the use of agents, and organizations (communities) of agents as the main abstractions. The field of Software Product Lines (SPL) covers all the software development lifecycle necessary to develop a family of products where the derivation of concrete products is made systematically and rapidly.
Juan Pavón (born 19 November 1962) is a Spanish computer scientist, full professor of the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM). He is a pioneer researcher in the field of Software Agents, co-creator of the FIPA MESSAGE and INGENIAS methodologies, and founder and director of the research group GRASIA: GRoup of Agent-based, Social and Interdisciplinary Applications at UCM. He is known for his work in the field of Artificial Intelligence, specifically in agent-oriented software engineering. He has been often cited by mainstream media, as a reference in Artificial Intelligence.
An agent harness, also known as agent scaffolding, is the software infrastructure surrounding a large language model (LLM) that enables it to operate as an AI agent. It manages tool use, memory, state persistence, execution environments and feedback loops, as opposed to the model's internal reasoning. The UK's AI Security Institute described an AI agent as being formed by the model plus the scaffolding back in 2023. The relationship can be expressed as agent = model + harness. Because a "base model" LLM is a stateless probabilistic function that maps input token sequences to output token sequences, the harness is what makes an agent out of a model, i.e. a thing that interfaces with external tools, inputs and outputs non-token data (such as images), and interacts with a task-environment coherently over many rounds. Rather than repeatedly re-reading an ever-growing transcript inside the context window, a harness can offload record-keeping into a structured software environment that manages the agent's state. A minimal harness is unnecessary for a single prompt-and-response exchange, but becomes important as tasks grow multi-step, tool-oriented, or long-running. Popular agent harnesses are focused on AI-assisted software development, including Anthropic's Claude Code, OpenAI's Codex, Google DeepMind's Antigravity, SpaceXAI's Cursor, Qwen, DeepSeek, Kimi, and GLM.
A software bot is a type of software agent in the service of software project management and software engineering. A software bot has an identity and potentially personified aspects in order to serve their stakeholders. Software bots often compose software services and provide an alternative user interface, which is sometimes, but not necessarily conversational. Software bots are typically used to execute tasks, suggest actions, engage in dialogue, and promote social and cultural aspects of a software project. The term bot is derived from robot. However, robots act in the physical world and software bots act only in digital spaces. Some software bots are designed and behave as chatbots, but not all chatbots are software bots. Discussions about the past and future of software bots show that software bots have been adopted for many years.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.
