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Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Mansa Musa was the ruler of the Mali Empire in West Africa. Details recorded here should be sourced; unknown information is left blank.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
| Android 13 | |
|---|---|
| Version of the Android operating system | |
 | |
 Android 13 homescreen on Google Pixel | |
| Developer | |
| OS family | Android |
| General availability | August 15, 2022 |
| Final release | 13.0.0_r33 (TSV1.220628.088)[1] / December 1, 2025 |
| Final preview | Beta 4.1 (TPB4.220624.008) / July 25, 2022 |
| Kernel type | Monolithic (Linux) |
| Preceded by | Android 12 |
| Succeeded by | Android 14 |
| Official website | android |
| Support status | |
| Unsupported as of December 1, 2025[2] Google Play Services supported[3] | |
Android 13 is the thirteenth major release and the 20th version of Android, the mobile operating system developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google. It was released to the public and the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) on August 15, 2022.[4] The first devices to ship with Android 13 were the Pixel 7 and 7 Pro.
As of June 2026[update], 14.18% of Android devices run Android 13, making it the 3rd most widely used version of Android.[5]
Android 13 (internally codenamed Tiramisu)[6][7][8] was announced in an Android blog posted on February 10, 2022,[9] and the first Developer Preview was immediately released for the Google Pixel series (from Pixel 4 to Pixel 6, dropping support for the Pixel 3 and Pixel 3a). It was released about 4 months after the stable version of Android 12. Developer Preview 2 followed later, releasing in March.[10] Beta 1 was released on April 26, 2022.[11] Google released beta 2 during Google I/O on May 11, 2022.[12] Two more beta versions were planned for release in June and July. Platform stability was reached in June, with Beta 3. The final release of Android 13 began on August 15 when the update was made available to Pixel phones and pushed to the Android Open Source Project.[13][14]
Android 13 includes several new features intended to enhance user privacy, both user-facing and developer-facing.[15][16]
A new media picker is added, which improves privacy by allowing users to choose which photos and videos apps have access to.[17] Most apps have not implemented this picker yet. In addition, Android 13 does not allow apps to access the "Android" system folder. A new permission, NEARBY_WIFI_DEVICES, separated the Wi-Fi and GPS permissions that were bundled into a single "Location" setting. This change means apps can now search for nearby devices and networks without needing to request access to broader navigational systems.[18]
Also, a new runtime permission feature is being added to apps sending non-exempt notifications, allowing users to focus on the notifications most important to them.[19]
Apps are now required to request permission from the user before they can send notifications.[20]
Small changes to dialog windows, such as the Internet toggle, have been made to better align with the design language. The media player has been redesigned, now using the album cover as a background and including more user controls.[21] The multiple users feature has been improved, with the added option of selecting which apps can be accessed by the guest user. App data is sandboxed for each user, so no information is shared.
The number of active apps is now shown at the bottom of the notifications panel; tapping it opens a detailed panel that lets the user stop each app.[22]
The new Gabeldorsche[a] Bluetooth stack is now enabled by default. Support for Bluetooth LE Audio and the LC3 audio codec, which enables receiving and sharing audio between multiple Bluetooth devices simultaneously; it can also improve the audio quality and battery life of the connected devices, as long as they also support it.[17][23][24][25] This version opens the support for third-party apps to use themed "Material You" icons.[17] Long-pressing and dragging a notification will allow the notification to open in split-screen view. This feature is available on phones and tablets.[20] Android 13 also adds support for WiFi 7, which is intended to decrease latency, buffering, lag, and congestion.[26][27]
As of Beta 2, the Pixel Launcher includes a new "unified" search bar that can return results from the internet as well as local apps and activities. It seems that Google will be expanding the capabilities of this search tool in future releases.[28]
Android 13 allows users to change the language for a specific app rather than the entire system. One instance of this feature is changing the language in the YouTube app from American English to Spanish.[29]
Split Screen mode now persists across app changes so that users can use other apps and the phone launcher, and split-screen apps will stay paired together in the Overview menu. Animations have been improved, notably the fingerprint scanner glow on the Pixel 6 series. Overflow notifications on the lock screen are also housed in a dynamically sized pill rather than a bar, and the 2-line stacked clock is slightly smaller.[20] The app label font has been changed in the Pixel Launcher, and subtle haptics have been added throughout the user experience. The Android version has been changed to "Tiramisu" in settings and the Quick Settings panel. As of Developer Preview 2, "Tiramisu" is replaced with "13". The unified search bar includes new, smoother animations and transitions.
Many of the changes are from Android 12.1 "12L", such as the dock displayed on large screens, and other improvements for large-format devices. These are mainly intended for foldables and tablets, but they can be enabled on phones by changing the DPI settings.
Android 13 ART was updated with a new garbage collector (GC) utilizing the Linux userfaultfd system call.[30][31][32] It reduces memory pressure, compiled code size, jank, and reduces the risk of killing apps because of low memory during GC.[32] Other changes improve app startup and performance.[32] Because of the Mainline project, Android 12 ART will also be updated.[30]
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Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Android 13 is the thirteenth major release and the 20th version of Android, the mobile operating system developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google. It was released to the public and the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) on August 15, 2022. The first devices to ship with Android 13 were the Pixel 7 and 7 Pro. As of June 2026, 14.18% of Android devices run Android 13, making it the 3rd most widely used version of Android.
Android 12 is the twelfth major release and 19th version of Android, the mobile operating system developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google. The first beta was released on May 18, 2021. Android 12 was publicly released on October 4, 2021, through the Android Open Source Project (AOSP), and was released to supported Google Pixel devices on October 19, 2021. The first phones to have Android 12 were the Google Pixel 6 and 6 Pro. As of June 2026, 9.83% of Android devices run Android 12, making it the fifth-most widely used version of Android.
Android is an operating system developed by Google, designed primarily for smartphones and tablets (touchscreen-based mobile devices originally; later for other devices, such as TVs), based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open-source software. First released in 2008, Android is the world's most widely used operating system with 3.9 billion users, and the most used operating system for smartphones. The latest version, released on June 16, 2026, is Android 17. At its core, the operating system is known as the Android Open Source Project (AOSP), was originally only made for a smartphone, and is free and open-source software (FOSS) primarily licensed under the Apache License. However, most devices run the proprietary Android open-core version developed by Google, which ships with additional proprietary closed-source software pre-installed, most notably Google Mobile Services (GMS), which includes core apps such as Google Chrome, the digital distribution platform Google Play, and the associated Google Play Services development platform. Other Google services including Firebase Cloud Messaging, used for push notifications, are recommended for applications. While AOSP is free, the "Android" name and logo are trademarks of Google, who restrict the use of Android branding on "uncertified" products. The majority of smartphones and other devices based on AOSP run Google's ecosystem—which is known simply as Android—some with vendor-customized user interfaces and software suites, for example One UI. Numerous modified distributions exist, which include competing Amazon Fire OS, community-developed LineageOS; the source code has also been used to develop a variety of Android distributions on a range of other devices, such as Android TV for televisions, Wear OS for wearables, Android Automotive for in-car systems, Android XR for virtual reality headsets, and Android for PCs (e.g. Googlebook OS or One UI on Galaxybooks). Commercial products like micro consoles have also used Android. Software packages on Android, which use the APK format, are generally distributed through a proprietary application store; non-Google platforms include vendor-specific Amazon Appstore, Samsung Galaxy Store, Huawei AppGallery, and third-party companies Aptoide, Cafe Bazaar, GetJar or open source F-Droid. Since 2011 Android has been the most used operating system worldwide on smartphones. It has the largest installed base of any operating system in the world with over three billion monthly active users and accounting for 45% of the global operating system market.
This is a list of Android distributions, Android-based operating systems (OS) commonly referred to as Custom ROMs or just ROMs, forked from the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) without Google Play Services included officially in some or all markets, yet maintained independent coverage in notable Android-related sources. The list may include distributions that come pre-installed on a device (stock ROM) or modifications of them. Only builds considered official are listed.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →The Greenwood District.
