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Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
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In 1968 Shirley Chisholm became the first Black woman elected to the United States Congress. In 1972 she launched a campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination, breaking another political barrier.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
| Beeper | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Other names |
|
| Original authors |
|
| Developers |
|
| Release | 2020 |
| Operating system | |
| Standard | Matrix |
| Website | beeper |
| Repository | github |
Beeper is an instant messaging client that enables using a variety of chat services and protocols all from the same application, now developed by Automattic.
![[icon]](viewer.php?source=wikipedia&q=File%3AWiki%20letter%20w%20cropped.svg&result=0#selected-result){kind=small} | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding missing information. (April 2024) |
Beeper supports a variety of chat services and protocols, including Discord, Facebook Messenger, Instagram, IRC (via Libera Chat), Matrix, Signal, Slack, SMS/RCS (via Google Messages), X, Telegram, Google Voice and WhatsApp.[1][2][3] The app used to support iMessage, but this has since been removed due to unreliable performance caused by iMessage's operator, Apple.[4] Beeper is built on top of the Matrix protocol and Element application, bridged to the other services.[5]
The app Beeper was created in 2020 by Eric Migicovsky, Brad Murray and Tulir Asokan[6][7][8] as NovaChat. The company is located in Palo Alto, California.[6] Migicovsky was previously the founder of smartwatch company Pebble.[1] The company renamed the app from Beeper to Beeper Cloud upon launching Beeper Mini in December 2023.[9] It was renamed back to Beeper in 2024.[10]
In April 2024, Automattic acquired Beeper for $125M.[11][12]
The app Texts, which offered similar functions to Beeper, was created in 2020 by Kishan Bagaria.[13] In 2023, Automattic acquired Texts for $50M.[14]
After acquiring both applications, Automattic planned for Texts and Beeper to merge under the Beeper brand.[15] In 2025, the two services combined into one.[16]
Beeper Mini was a version of the application focused on supporting iMessage on Android.
In 2023, James Gill – a 16-year-old Saucon Valley High School student at the time – reverse engineered Apple's iMessage instant messaging protocol after inspecting the network traffic generated by Apple Music on Windows and by iMessage on macOS. Gill published a proof of concept called Pypush that reimplemented iMessage in the Python programming language and released it on GitHub. After Gill contacted Migicovsky via Discord in August 2023, Migicovsky hired Gill to apply the implementation in Beeper Mini.[17][18][19]
On December 5, 2023, the company released Beeper Mini, an Android app that can send messages through Apple's iMessage instant messaging service.[19][17] The app was marketed as a way for Android users to communicate with iOS users through chat bubbles that are blue, the color used by Messages – the built-in text messaging app on iPhones – to show texts sent through iMessage.[20] Apple keeps iMessage exclusive to Apple devices and at the time only allowed Messages to communicate with Android users through the lesser-featured SMS protocol with texts that are displayed in green chat bubbles, which are disfavored among some iPhone users who perceive them as an indicator of lower social status.[17][21] Beeper Mini uses a reverse-engineered implementation of the iMessage communication protocol that supports some of iMessage's features, including blue chat bubbles and end-to-end encryption.[22]
Beeper Mini was downloaded more than 100,000 times within two days of launch. After the release, Apple repeatedly blocked Beeper Mini from sending messages through iMessage, and Beeper updated the app multiple times to circumvent Apple's blocks.[21] On December 21, 2023, Beeper issued its last update to Beeper Mini, which requires users to access an iOS or macOS device to enable the app to send messages through iMessage.[23]
At the urging of congresspersons Amy Klobuchar, Mike Lee, Jerry Nadler, and Ken Buck,[24] the United States Department of Justice initiated an antitrust investigation on December 22, 2023 to examine Apple's blocking of Beeper Mini.[25]
Beeper Mini was discontinued in 2024.[26][failed verification]
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Beeper is an instant messaging client that enables using a variety of chat services and protocols all from the same application, now developed by Automattic.
A beeper is a device that makes a beep sound. Beeper may also refer to:
A pager, also known as a beeper or bleeper, is a wireless telecommunications device that receives and displays alphanumeric or voice messages. One-way pagers can only receive messages, while response pagers and two-way pagers can also acknowledge, reply to, and originate messages using an internal transmitter. Pagers operate as part of a paging system which includes one or more fixed transmitters (or in the case of response pagers and two-way pagers, one or more base stations), as well as a number of pagers carried by mobile users. These systems can range from a restaurant system with a single low power transmitter, to a nationwide system with thousands of high-power base stations. Pagers were developed in the 1950s and 1960s, and became widely used by the 1980s through the late 1990s and early 2000s. Into the 21st century, the widespread availability of mobile phones has greatly diminished the pager industry. Nevertheless, pagers, alongside two-way radios, continue to be used by some emergency services and public safety personnel, because modern pager systems' coverage overlap, combined with use of satellite communications, can make paging systems more reliable than terrestrial based cellular networks in some cases, including during natural and human-made disasters. This resilience has led public safety agencies to adopt pagers over cellular and other commercial services for critical messaging.
The Osborne Executive, released in April 1983, was the successor to the Osborne 1 portable computer. Produced by the Osborne Computer Corporation, the Executive offered numerous improvements over the already successful Osborne 1, including a 7-inch amber phosphor CRT display and more space efficient half-height 5 ¼ disk drives. The Osborne Executive, like the Osborne 1, came with application software. Its software bundle included the WordStar word processor, SuperCalc spreadsheet, and the CBASIC and MBASIC programming languages. The included software packages were all leading applications in their respective fields at the time, and had a retail value of more than US$2,495. The case of the Executive is very similar to that of the revised Osborne 1, with the keyboard acting as both a cover for the display and disk drives as well as a stand for the main unit. Unlike the Osborne 1, the Executive features a cooling fan and air filter underneath the rear case carry-handle.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.
