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MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
This article may contain original research. (April 2026) |
This article or section possibly contains original synthesis. Source material should verifiably mention and relate to the main topic. (April 2026) |
| Part of a series on |
| File sharing and online piracy |
|---|
The following is a general comparison of BitTorrent clients, which are computer programs designed for peer-to-peer file sharing using the BitTorrent protocol.[1]
The BitTorrent protocol coordinates segmented file transfer among peers connected in a swarm. A BitTorrent client enables a user to exchange data as a peer in one or more swarms. Because BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer communications protocol that does not need a server, the BitTorrent definition of client differs from the conventional meaning expressed in the client–server model.[1]
Bram Cohen, author of the BitTorrent protocol, made the first BitTorrent client, which he also called BitTorrent, and published it in July 2001.[2]
Many BitTorrent programs are open-source software; others are freeware, adware or shareware. Some download managers, such as FlashGet and GetRight, are BitTorrent-ready. Opera 12, a web browser, can also transfer files via BitTorrent.
In 2013 Thunder Networking Technologies publicly revealed that some of their employees surreptitiously distributed a Trojan horse with certain releases of Xunlei, the company's BitTorrent-ready download manager.[3][4] Xunlei is included in the comparison tables.
| BitTorrent client | Developer | Platform | Latest release | License | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Version | Date | |||||
| BiglyBT | Bigly Software | Linux | 4.0.0.0[5] |
2023-09-22 | GPL-2.0-or-later | |
| macOS | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| Android | 2023-09-22 | |||||
| BitComet | BitComet Development Group | macOS | 2.10[6] |
2024-10-09 | Proprietary, Adware | [a] |
| Windows | 2.10[6] |
2024-10-09 | ||||
| BitLord | House of Life | macOS | 2.4.6-348 |
2019-10-24 | Proprietary, Adware | [b] |
| Windows | 2.4.6-358[7][8] |
2022-08-26 | ||||
| BitTorrent | BitTorrent | Android | 8.2.1[9] |
2024-03-20 | Proprietary, Adware | |
| macOS | 7.4.3.45549[10] |
2020-05-20 | ||||
| Windows | 7.11.0.46555[11] |
2022-11-22 | ||||
| Deluge | various | BSD | 2.2.0[12] |
2025-04-28 | GPL-3.0-or-later[13] | |
| Linux | ||||||
| macOS | ||||||
| Solaris | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| FlashGet | Trend Media | Windows | 3.7.0.1220[14] |
2013-05-17 | Proprietary | [c] |
| Free Download Manager | alervd | Android | 6.30.3.6518[15] |
2025-10-31 | Proprietary | |
| Linux | ||||||
| macOS | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| FrostWire | The FrostWire Project | Android | 2.9.4[16] |
2024-12-26 | GPL-3.0-or-later | |
| Linux | 6.13.4-build-324[17] |
2024-10-16 | ||||
| macOS | 6.13.4-build-324[17] |
2024-10-16 | ||||
| Windows | 6.13.4-build-324[17] |
2024-10-16 | ||||
| KGet | KDE | BSD | GPL-2.0-or-later | |||
| Linux | ||||||
| KTorrent | Joris Guisson, Ivan Vasić | BSD | 25.08.0[18] |
2025-08-14 | GPL-2.0-or-later | |
| Linux | ||||||
| macOS | ||||||
| Lftp | Alexander V. Lukya | BSD | 4.9.3[19] |
2024-11-08 | GPL-3.0-or-later | |
| Linux | ||||||
| macOS | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| LimeWire | Lime Wire LLC | Linux | 5.5.16 |
2010-10-26 | GPL-2.0-or-later | |
| macOS | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| Miro | Participatory Culture Foundation | Linux | 6.0[20] |
2013-04-05 | GPL-2.0-or-later | |
| macOS | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| MLDonkey | MLDonkey Project | BSD | 3.2.1[21] |
2024-08-20 | GPL-2.0-or-later | |
| Linux | ||||||
| macOS | ||||||
| MorphOS | ||||||
| Solaris | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| μTorrent | BitTorrent | Android | 8.2.2[22] |
2024-03-21 | Proprietary, Adware | [d] |
| macOS | 1.8.7.45548[24] |
2020-01-30 | ||||
| Windows | 3.6.0.47006[25] |
2024-01-11 | ||||
| Opera 12 | Opera Software | FreeBSD | 12.16 | Proprietary | [e] | |
| Linux | ||||||
| macOS | ||||||
| Solaris | ||||||
| Windows | 12.17 | |||||
| qBittorrent | Christophe Dumez | BSD | 5.2.4[26] |
2026-09-28 | GPL-2.0-or-later[13] | |
| Linux | ||||||
| Haiku | ||||||
| macOS | ||||||
| OS/2 | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| rTorrent | Jari Sundell | BSD | 0.16.25[27] |
2026-10-05 | GPL-2.0-or-later[13] | [f] |
| Linux | ||||||
| macOS | ||||||
| Solaris | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| Robert | Sponge, co-developer of I2P | BSD | 0.0.40 |
2013 | GPL | |
| Linux | ||||||
| macOS | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| Shareaza | Shareaza Development Team | Windows | 2.7.10.2[28] |
2017-09-18 | GPL-2.0-or-later | [g] |
| Tixati | Kevin Hearn | Linux | 3.31[29] |
2024-12-11 | Proprietary | [h] |
| Windows | ||||||
| Tonido | CodeLathe | BSD | 14.90.0.34030 |
2017-01-13 | Proprietary | |
| Linux | ||||||
| macOS | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| Transmission | various | BSD | 4.1.3[30] |
2026-06-30 | GPL-2.0-only or GPL-3.0-only[31][13] MIT[32] |
|
| Linux | ||||||
| macOS | ||||||
| OpenWrt | ||||||
| Solaris | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| Tribler | The Tribler Team | Linux | 8.4.3[33] |
2026-06-18 | GPL-3.0-only | [i] |
| macOS | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| Vuze[j] | Vuze | Android | 5.7.6.0[35] |
2017-11-02 | Proprietary (platform) GPL-2.0-or-later (core engine) Adware |
[k] |
| Linux | ||||||
| macOS | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| Xunlei | Thunder Networking Technologies | Android | 7.53.0.8245[36] |
2022-10-11 | Proprietary, Adware | |
| iOS | 1.5.8[37] |
2022-09-29 | ||||
| macOS | 5.0.2.65551[38] |
2022-06-16 | ||||
| Windows | ||||||
| BitTorrent client | Developer | Platform | Latest release | License | Notes | |
| Version | Date | |||||
| BitTorrent client | Windows | macOS | GNU/Linux | BSD | iOS | Android | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BiglyBT | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| BitComet | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| BitLord | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| BitTorrent | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes[39] | No |
| Deluge | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Solaris |
| FlashGet | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Free Download Manager | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | No |
| Frostwire | Yes[40] | Yes[40] | Yes[40] | Yes[40] | No[40] | Yes[40] | Unix-like[40] z/OS[41] Solaris OS/2 eComStation ArcaOS[42] |
| KGet | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| KTorrent | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| Lftp | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| LimeWire | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes [specify] |
| Miro | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| MLDonkey | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Solaris MorphOS |
| μTorrent | Yes | Yes | Web | No | No | Yes[43] | No |
| Opera 12 | Yes[l] | Yes | Yes[l] | Yes[l] | No | Yes[citation needed] | Solaris |
| qBittorrent | Yes[44] | Yes[44] | Yes[44] | Yes[44] | No[44] | No[45] | OS/2[m] FreeBSD Haiku[44] |
| Robert | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| rTorrent | Yes[n] | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Solaris |
| Shareaza | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Tixati | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Tonido | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| Transmission | Yes [l] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes[o] | Yes | Solaris |
| Tribler | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| Vuze | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes[47] | No |
| Xunlei | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes[citation needed] | No |
| BitTorrent client | Windows | macOS | GNU/Linux | BSD | iOS | Android | Other |
| BitTorrent client | GUI | Remote | CLI | Other | Programming language | Based on | IPv6 | μTP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BiglyBT | Yes | Yes | No[p] | Telnet, XML over HTTP remote control API | Java, SWT | Vuze[j] | Yes | Yes |
| BitComet | Yes | Yes | Partial[49] | No | C++ | - | Yes | No |
| BitLord | Yes | No | No | No | Python, C++ | libtorrent (Rasterbar) | Yes | No |
| BitTorrent 5, Mainline | Yes | No | Partial | No | Python | - | No | No |
| Deluge | Yes | Yes | Yes | Daemon | Python, C++ | libtorrent (Rasterbar) | Yes | Yes[50] |
| FlashGet | Yes | No | No | No | ? | ? | No | No |
| Free Download Manager | Yes | Yes | Partial | No | C++ | libtorrent (Rasterbar) | No | No |
| Frostwire | Yes | No | No | No | Java | libtorrent (Rasterbar) | No | Yes[51] |
| KGet | Yes | Yes | Partial[q] | No | C++ | - | Yes | No |
| KTorrent | Yes | Yes | Partial | No | C++ | - | Yes | Yes[52] |
| lftp | No | No | Yes | No | C++ | - | Yes | No |
| LimeWire | Yes | No | No | No | Java | libtorrent (Rasterbar) | No | No |
| Miro | Yes | No | No | No | C++ | libtorrent (Rasterbar) | No | No |
| MLDonkey | No | Third Party[53] | Partial | Telnet | OCaml | - | No | No |
| μTorrent | Yes | Yes | No[54] | RESTful Web API[55] | C++[56] | - | Yes[57] | Yes[58] |
| Opera 12 | Yes | No | No | No | C++ | - | Yes | No |
| qBittorrent | Yes | Yes | Partial | No | Python, C++ | libtorrent (Rasterbar) | Yes | Yes[59] |
| rTorrent | No | Third Party | Yes | SCGI | C++ | libTorrent (Rakshasa) | Yes[60] | No |
| Shareaza | Yes | Yes | Partial | No | C++ | - | No | No |
| Tixati | Yes | Yes | No | Web interface | C++ | - | Yes | Yes[61] |
| Tonido | No | Yes | No | No | C++ | libtorrent (Rasterbar) | No | No |
| Transmission | Yes | Yes | Yes | Daemon, JSON-RPC over HTTP remote control API | C++ (rewritten from C), Objective-C | libtransmission | Yes | Yes[62] |
| Tribler | Yes | Partial | Partial | No | Python, C++ | libtorrent (Rasterbar) | No | Yes |
| Vuze[j] | Yes | Yes | Partial | Telnet, XML over HTTP remote control API | Java, SWT | - | Yes | Yes[63] |
| Xunlei | Yes | No | No | remote control over internet[64] | C++ | - | No | No |
| BitTorrent client | GUI | Web | CLI | Other | Programming language | Based on | IPv6 | μTP |
| BitTorrent client | Protocol version | Magnet URI (BEP 9) |
Preload Magnet metadata[r] (BEP 9) |
Super-seeding (BEP 16) |
Embedded tracker (BEP 28) |
UPnP[65] | NAT Port Mapping Protocol | NAT traversal[66] (BEP 55) |
DHT protocol[67] (BEP 5) |
Peer exchange(PEX) (BEP 11) |
Encryption | UDP tracker (BEP 15) |
Local Peer Discovery (BEP 14) |
Proxy server |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BiglyBT | 1, 2 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
|
| BitComet | 1, 2 | Yes | No | Yes | Separate download | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | HTTP 1.1, SOCKS4-4a-5 |
| BitLord | 1 | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | HTTP 1.1, SOCKS4-4a-5 |
| BitTorrent 5, Mainline | 1 | No | No | No | Yes[s] | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| Deluge | 1,2[68] | Yes | Partial[t] | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | HTTP(S), SOCKS4-5 |
| FlashGet | 1 | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Free Download Manager | 1 | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No |
| KTorrent | 1 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | HTTP, SOCKS4-5 |
| LimeWire | 1 | Partial | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| MLDonkey | 1 | Yes[69] | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | No |
| μTorrent | 1 | Yes | Yes[70] | Yes[71] | Yes[72] | Yes[73] | Yes | Yes[74] | Yes[u] | Yes[v] | Yes[75] | Yes | Yes[76] | HTTP(S), SOCKS4-5 |
| Opera 12 | 1 | No | No | No | Yes[77] | No | No | No | No | Yes[78] | No | No | No | No |
| qBittorrent | 1, 2[79] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | HTTP(S), SOCKS4-5[w] |
| rTorrent | 1 | Yes[80] | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No[81] | No |
| Shareaza | 1 | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes[x] | Yes | No | Yes[y] | No | No |
| Tixati | 1, 2 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | [z] |
| Tonido | 1 | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| Transmission | 1[82] | Yes | Patch available[83][84][85] | No | No | Yes | Yes | No[86] | Yes | Yes[aa] | Yes | Yes | Yes | No[87] |
| Tribler | 1 | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | [ab] |
| Vuze[j] | 1 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes[ac] | Yes[ad] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Plugin | HTTP(S)?, SOCKS4-4a-5 |
| Xunlei | 1 | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | HTTP, SOCKS5, FTP |
| BitTorrent client | Protocol version | Magnet URI | Preload Magnet metadata | Super-seeding | Embedded tracker | UPnP | NAT Port Mapping Protocol | NAT traversal | DHT | Peer exchange | Encryption | UDP tracker | Local Peer Discovery | Proxy server |
| BitTorrent client | Cache[ae] | Hash Web seeding | HTTP Web seeding[ambiguous] | Broad-catching (RSS) (BEP 36) |
Prioritization | Selective downloads (BEP 53) |
Sequential downloading | SOCKS | Tracker exchange (BEP 28) |
Remote control via web | Search engine (BEP 18) |
Auto updates | Reviews and Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BiglyBT | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||
| BitComet | Yes | No | Yes[88] | Beta | Yes | Yes | Yes[af] | Yes | No | Yes | Partial[ag] | Yes | No |
| BitLord | Yes | No | Partial [ah][ai] | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | Partial[ag] | Yes | No |
| BitTorrent 5, Mainline | No | Yes | Partial [ai] | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Deluge | Yes | Yes | Partial [ah] | Plugin | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | via PMS | No |
| FlashGet | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | |
| Free Download Manager | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | Optional | No |
| KTorrent | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Partial[ag] | via PMS | No | |
| LimeWire | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | No |
| MLDonkey | Yes | No | 3rd party bash script | Yes | No | No | No[89] | No | Yes | Partial[ag] | via PMS | No | |
| μTorrent | Yes | Yes[90] | Partial [ai] | Yes[91] | Yes[92] | Yes | Yes[aj] | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Opera 12 | No | No | Yes[ak] | No | No | No | No | No | No | Partial[ag] | Yes[al] | No | |
| qBittorrent | Yes | Yes | Partial [ah] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Partial[am] | Yes | Yes | via PMS | No |
| rTorrent | Partial | No | No | 3rd party utility [93] | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | No | via PMS | No |
| Shareaza | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes[an] | in mod client | No | Yes [ao][94][ap] |
Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Tixati | Yes | Yes | Yes[95] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Tonido | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | |
| Transmission | Yes | No | Partial [ai][aq] | No | Yes | No[96] | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Tribler | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Partial | Yes (DHT)[97] | Yes | No |
| Vuze[j] | Yes | Yes[98] | Yes | Yes | Yes | in paid version [99] | Yes | No | Plugin[ar] | Yes | Yes | Yes[100] | |
| Xunlei | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | |||
| BitTorrent client | Cache | Hash Web seeding | HTTP Web seeding | Broad-catching (RSS) | Prioritization | Selective downloads | Sequential downloading | SOCKS | Tracker exchange | Remote control via web | Search engine | Auto updates | Reviews and Comments |
| BitTorrent library | Initial release | Platform | Latest release | License | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Version | Date | |||||
| libtorrent (Rasterbar) | 8 September 2005[101] | Linux | 2.0.9,[102] 1.2.19[103] 2.1.2[104] |
2023-05-22 2026-09-25 |
BSD-3-Clause | |
| macOS | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| MonoTorrent | September 2006 | Linux | 3.0.2[105] |
2024-08-04 | MIT | |
| macOS | ||||||
| Windows | ||||||
| rTorrent (libTorrent Rakshasa) | 15 July 2004[106] | Linux | 0.16.25[107] |
2026-10-05 | GPL-2.0-or-later[as] | [at] |
| macOS | ||||||
| BitTorrent library | Initial release | Platform | Latest release | License | Notes | |
| Version | Date | |||||
| BitTorrent library | GNU/Linux | Windows | macOS | API | Programming language |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| libtorrent (Rasterbar) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | C++ |
| MonoTorrent | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | C# |
| rTorrent (libTorrent Rakshasa) | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | C++ |
| BitTorrent library | Linux | Windows | macOS | API | Programming language |
| BitTorrent library | Protocol version | Super-seeding | Tracker | UPnP[au] | NAT Port Mapping Protocol | NAT traversal[av] | DHT[aw] | Peer exchange | Encryption | UDP tracker | Local Peer Discovery | Fast extensions | Magnet URI | μTP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| libtorrent (Rasterbar) | 1, 2[108] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes[109] | Yes | Yes | Yes[110] |
| MonoTorrent | 1, 2 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| rTorrent (libTorrent Rakshasa) | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | ? | ? | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| BitTorrent library | Protocol version | Super-seeding | Tracker | UPnP | NAT Port Mapping Protocol | NAT traversal | DHT | Peer exchange | Encryption | UDP tracker | Local Peer Discovery | Fast extensions | Magnet URI | μTP |
| BitTorrent library | Cache[ax] | Web seeding[ay] | WebTorrent | Broadcatching (RSS) | Prioritization | Selective downloads | SOCKS | Remote control via web | Engine |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| libtorrent (Rasterbar) | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ? |
| MonoTorrent | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| rTorrent (libTorrent Rakshasa) | Partial | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| BitTorrent library | Cache | Web seeding | WebTorrent | Broadcatching (RSS) | Prioritization | Selective downloads | SOCKS | Remote control via web | Engine |
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Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
The following is a general comparison of BitTorrent clients, which are computer programs designed for peer-to-peer file sharing using the BitTorrent protocol. The BitTorrent protocol coordinates segmented file transfer among peers connected in a swarm. A BitTorrent client enables a user to exchange data as a peer in one or more swarms. Because BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer communications protocol that does not need a server, the BitTorrent definition of client differs from the conventional meaning expressed in the client–server model. Bram Cohen, author of the BitTorrent protocol, made the first BitTorrent client, which he also called BitTorrent, and published it in July 2001. Many BitTorrent programs are open-source software; others are freeware, adware or shareware. Some download managers, such as FlashGet and GetRight, are BitTorrent-ready. Opera 12, a web browser, can also transfer files via BitTorrent. In 2013 Thunder Networking Technologies publicly revealed that some of their employees surreptitiously distributed a Trojan horse with certain releases of Xunlei, the company's BitTorrent-ready download manager. Xunlei is included in the comparison tables.
File sharing is a method of distributing electronically stored information such as computer programs and digital media. This article contains a list and comparison of file sharing applications; most of them make use of peer-to-peer file sharing technologies. This comparison also contains download managers that can be used as file sharing applications. For solely download managers, see the comparison of download managers; for BitTorrent-only clients, see the comparison of BitTorrent clients.
This is a comparison of BitTorrent websites that includes most of the most popular sites. These sites typically contain multiple torrent files and an index of those files.
A BitTorrent tracker is a special type of server that assists in the communication between peers using the BitTorrent protocol. In peer-to-peer file sharing, a software client on an end-user PC requests a file, and portions of the requested file residing on peer machines are sent to the client, and then reassembled into a full copy of the requested file. The "tracker" server keeps track of where file copies reside on peer machines, which ones are available at time of the client request, and helps coordinate efficient transmission and reassembly of the copied file. Clients that have already begun downloading a file communicate with the tracker periodically to negotiate faster file transfer with new peers, and provide network performance statistics; however, after the initial peer-to-peer file download is started, peer-to-peer communication can continue without the connection to a tracker. Modern BitTorrent clients may implement a distributed hash table and the peer exchange protocol to discover peers without trackers; however, trackers are still often included with torrents to improve the speed of peer discovery.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.