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GREENWOOD / BLACK WALL STREET WILMINGTON 1898 LITTLE ROCK NINE TUSKEGEE STUDY ROSEWOOD 1923 THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN SENECA VILLAGE BLACK TOWNS GREENWOOD / BLACK WALL STREET WILMINGTON 1898 LITTLE ROCK NINE TUSKEGEE STUDY ROSEWOOD 1923 THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN SENECA VILLAGE BLACK TOWNS
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THE JOURNEY THROUGH TIME
BHP HOME BEFORE AMERICA 1800–1936 1937–1957 1958–1980 1981–2000 2001–PRESENT

Explore Black History

Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.

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Civil Rights

Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.

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Black Inventors

Innovation, patents, science, technology and world-changing contributions.

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Sports

Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.

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People

Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.

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Places

Black towns, communities, institutions and places where history happened.

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Events

Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.

Enter a person, place, event, or topic.
MY'STORY

The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
The Truths They Never Taught You...

Wilmington 1898 — An American Coup

Wilmington, North Carolina once had a thriving Black middle class and an elected interracial government. In 1898 white supremacists used violence to overthrow that government, kill Black residents and drive many others from the city.

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BHP gathered finds from its connected research sources. Showing the 4 strongest Black History matches.
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Wikipedia

Comparison of Internet forum software

For forum systems that operated over pre-Internet connections (dial-up modems), see List of BBS software.

This article outlines the general features commonly found in various Internet forum software packages. It highlights major features that the manager of a forum might want and should expect to be commonly available in different forum software. These comparisons do not include remotely hosted services which use their own proprietary software, rather than offering a package for download which webmasters can host by themselves.

General information

[edit]

Basic general information about the forums: creator/company, license, etc. Systems listed on a light purple background are no longer in active development.

Creator Latest release date Current stable version Programming language Supported databases License
bbPress[1] WordPress Foundation 2026-10-06 7.1.3[2] Edit this on Wikidata PHP[3] MariaDB, MySQL[4] GPL[5]
Beehive Forum[6] Project Beehive Forum Developers 2016-11-05 1.5.2 PHP MySQL[7] GPL
Discourse[8] Civilized Discourse Construction Kit, Inc.

2026-01-08; 9 months ago[±]

v2026.1.0[9] Edit this on Wikidata

Ruby, JavaScript PostgreSQL[10] GPL
Discuz![11] Comsenz Inc. 2022-12-31 X3.5 PHP MariaDB, MySQL[12] Proprietary
Flarum[13] Flarum B.V. 2025-03-12 1.8.10 PHP MySQL, MariaDB[14] MIT
FluxBB[15] FluxBB.org Developers 2018-12-31 1.5.11 PHP MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite[16] GPL
FUDforum[17] Advanced Internet Designs Inc. 2026-06-14; 3 months ago 3.2.1[18] Edit this on Wikidata PHP MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, SQLite[19] GPL
Ikonboard[20] Matt Mecham (original creator) Joshua Johnson 2012-10-19 3.1.5A Perl MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL Proprietary
Invision Power Board[21] Invision Power Services Inc. 2024-11-12 4.7.19[22] PHP MariaDB, MySQL[23] Proprietary
MyBB[24] MyBB Group 2025-06-02; 16 months ago 1.8.39[25] Edit this on Wikidata PHP MariaDB, MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite[26] LGPL, moving to BSD in 2.0[27]
Phorum[28] Brian Moon 2017-08-23 5.2.23 PHP MySQL[29] Phorum License 2 (BSD like)
phpBB[30] phpBB Ltd. 2026-09-24; 19 days ago 3.3.19[31] Edit this on Wikidata PHP MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, SQLite, SQL Server[32] GPL
PunBB[33] PunBB 2021-03-09; 5 years ago 1.4.6[34] Edit this on Wikidata PHP MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite[35] GPL
Simple Machines Forum[36] Simple Machines 2026-10-11; 2 days ago 2.1.8[37] Edit this on Wikidata PHP MariaDB, MySQL, PostgreSQL[38] BSD License
Syndie[39] Anonymous (related to I2P) 2016-08-14 1.107b Java Open source, multiple licenses
Vanilla Forums[40] Vanilla Forums 2022-09-27 2022.019[41] PHP MariaDB, MySQL, Percona Server[42] GPL[43]
vBulletin[44] vBulletin Solutions Inc. 2026-03-12; 7 months ago 6.2.0[45] Edit this on Wikidata PHP[46] MariaDB, MySQL[47] Proprietary[48]
XenForo XenForo Limited, Kier Darby, Mike Sullivan 2025-07-15; 14 months ago 2.3.7[49] Edit this on Wikidata PHP[50] MySQL[51] Proprietary
WoltLab Suite Forum WoltLab GmbH 2025-04-15 6.1.7 PHP MariaDB, MySQL Proprietary (Forum); LGPL 2.1 (Core)
Apache Answer Apache-2.0 license
Creator Latest release date Current stable version Programming language Supported databases License

Features

[edit]
Flat Threaded User selectable themes Unread message tracking WYSIWYG Editor Export, portability Email / NNTP interface Languages SSO
bbPress Yes[52] No[53] Plugin[54][55] Yes[56]
Beehive Forum Yes[52] Yes[52] Partial[52] Full[52] Yes[52] (using TinyMCE) Partial[57]
Discourse Yes No[58] Yes[59] Full Real-time side-by-side preview Full[60] Partial[61] Yes[62][63] OAuth2,[64] Custom[65]
Discuz! Yes[66] No[67] Yes[68] No Yes[69] Yes[70] No Yes[71][72] No
FluxBB Yes[52] No[52] Partial[52] Session[52] No[52] Yes[73]
FUDforum Yes[52] Yes[52] Yes[52] Full[52] Yes[52] Partial[74] Yes[75] Yes[76]
Invision Power Board Yes[52] Yes[52] Full[52] Yes[52] No[77] Yes (LDAP, OAuth, Others)[78]
MyBB[79] Yes[52] Yes[52] Yes[52] Full[52] Yes[52] No[80] No[81][82] Yes[83]
Phorum Yes[52] Yes[52] Yes[52] Full[52] Yes[52] Plugin[84] No[85]
phpBB[86] Yes[52] No[52] Yes[52] Full[52] No[52] No[87] No[88][89] Yes[90] Yes (LDAP, OAuth)[91]
PunBB[92] Yes[52] Yes[52] Session[52] No[93][94]
Simple Machines Forum Yes[52] No[52] Yes[52] Full[52] Yes[52] Partial[95] No[96] Yes[97]
Vanilla Forums Yes[52] Yes[52] Yes[52] Plugin[52] Plugin[98][99] Yes[100] Yes[101]
vBulletin[102] Yes[52] No Yes[52] Full[52] Yes[52] Plugin[103][104] No No[105]
XenForo Yes[52] No[106] Yes[52] Full[52] Yes[52] Yes[107] No Yes[108] Yes[109]

Flat vs. threaded

[edit]
  • A flat forum is one where each message is added onto the end of the discussion, with no set relation to any prior messages (other than being on the same discussion topic — except in case of Off-Topic posting). But, there is normally a feature to 'quote' another user's post, to allow referencing back to other posts.
  • A threaded forum is one where users can specify their message is a reply to an existing message. Threaded forums can display relationships between message topics and associated replies, such as by indenting replies and placing them below the post they reference. Threaded forums are most commonly used for discussions where individual messages tend to be short, such as on social news sites (e.g. Slashdot or reddit), or in commenting systems like Disqus.

User-selectable themes

[edit]

Most forums provide an option for the forum owner to customize the look and feel. Some forums also allow the administrator to create multiple styles or themes, and allow the user to choose which one they wish to view. Themes may simply be a different set of colors and graphics, or they may involve a different layout to the forum, such as one optimized for small-screen devices.

The comparison table shows whether a forum software allows forum administrators to customise the "template" of the forum (or specific sections thereof) without altering the released code. Support is considered partial where it is only possible to add CSS rules in this way.[52]

Unread message tracking

[edit]

Unread message tracking refers to the way that is used by forum software to track and display messages that have not yet been read by the current user. This can be one of the following:

  • Session — when a user's session starts, this method relies on the user's "last visit time" to display all messages created since that date as unread. Everything that was posted before "last visit time" is considered "read" regardless of whether the user has actually seen it or not. Until the user's session expires, this method properly tracks read/unread messages, starting with messages that were selected as "unread" when the user's session started. This method is broadly used, due to the simplicity and speed benefits of only storing and checking against a single database value.
  • Full — forum software which records in the persistent database what messages have been read or unread by each user, regardless of user session expiration. Some forum software also allows the user to 'mark as unread', so that they can come back to a message later.

Export, portability

[edit]

This column judges the ability to allow users to export data from the forum installation and then import it in new installations of the same software (cf. right to fork and data portability) or feed it to data conversion tools.

Software portability is a key assessment criterion for the choice and procurement of software.[110]

Email/NNTP interface

[edit]

Whether the software can be used with standard Email or NNTP clients. Adoption of standard protocols is key for interoperability.[111]

Languages

[edit]

Whether the internationalization and localization of the software are sufficient to both allow and actually provide grammatically correct support for the native language of the target users.[112]

For the purposes of this table, we consider languages used by a number of installations/users equal to at least 1% of the top million web properties using that software,[113] without major reported bugs in support.

Single sign-on

[edit]

Single sign-on is often required to enhance web accessibility of the application.[114] This can be accomplished with standards like OAuth and OpenID.

Post drafts

[edit]

To prevent loss of content from browser crashes and the like, forum software may be equipped with the ability to automatically save unfinished posts as drafts, like some word processor and text editor software.

Drafts may be stored server-side (in the forum account) or client-side (browser's local storage). The former benefits from the ability to immediately resume drafts on another device, whereas the latter allows saving drafts while internet is disconnected and slightly reduces bandwidth consumption.

Other features

[edit]

Duplicate thread prevention

[edit]

Automatic recommendation systems based on content and users can help forum users find existing discussions similar to those they are browsing or on the topic they are searching,[115] or else reach the correct users with their posts, avoiding to "spam" the forum with duplicate or off-topic posts.[116]

Many users do not bother to search a forum and directly create new threads to seek an answer to a question. On some forums, when the user types a new thread subject, the forum software brings up similar threads automatically on the side. This helps keep the number of redundant threads (or the overall forum pollution) to a lower level as users who neglect to search for a topic and are posting a thread may find the answer to their question as they are creating the new thread.

Forum spam defenses

[edit]

Most forums are at risk of continuous attack by forum spammers, largely promoting websites with no relevance to the forum's niche. Systems vary in how they are geared to defense, and checking the offering is an important consideration before selection. A forum cannot succeed unless there is an effective system of defense, and an efficient set of tools for spam removal.

CAPTCHAs are a common feature used among most internet forum software and are often used to prevent automated registrations.

Banning or deleting membership should come as standard, with the ability to blacklist the username, email address or IP address for variable time spans.

Reference to an anti-forum spam database can be built into the forum software, or offered as add-ons for specific databases.

User-friendly URLs

[edit]
Main article: Semantic URL

Human-friendly forum URLs do not have a query string and instead contain only the path of the topic. A user-unfriendly URL may contain cryptic parameters, numeric IDs, or file type extensions (e.g. .php) that do not matter to the user and could change if the forum is reimplemented using a different programming language. User-friendly URLs are easy to remember and to type, and may enhance search engine optimization (SEO).

  • user-unfriendly URL example: http://example.com/forum/index.php?t=rview&th=120029
  • user-friendly URL example: http://example.com/usability-issues/user-friendly-urls

In general this is accomplished via URL mapping, however, historically in many forum software packages, human-friendly URLs are an afterthought implemented via URL rewriting, and URLs often contain a numeric ID which represents the thread, while the remainder of the URL can in reality be any string: http://example.com/forum/12345/lets-use-friendly-urls and http://example.com/forum/12345/bogus-path-actually point to the same thread, http://example.com/forum/12345/. These are also known as URL slugs.

The only non-controversial counter-argument to using user-friendly URLs is that they would be leaked in the HTTP referer header field when a user clicks on an external link from a post, which is undesirable for private (sub)forums, since a URL derived from the topic title could convey sensitive information.[117] This issue can be resolved by rewriting external links to point to a redirection page that performs referer hiding.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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Wikipedia

Comparison of Internet forum software

This article outlines the general features commonly found in various Internet forum software packages. It highlights major features that the manager of a forum might want and should expect to be commonly available in different forum software. These comparisons do not include remotely hosted services which use their own proprietary software, rather than offering a package for download which webmasters can host by themselves.

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Wikipedia

Comparison of free and open-source software licenses

This comparison covers notable software licenses which are approved by at least one of the following expert groups: the Free Software Foundation, the Open Source Initiative, the Debian Project, or the Fedora Project.

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Wikipedia

Simple Machines Forum

Simple Machines Forum (SMF) software is an open-source web application that provides Internet forum and message board services. It is developed by Simple Machines. The name reflects the creator's initial goal of providing a website that could be operated by novice programmers and requires minimal server resources. Simple Machines won the forum-software.org best free forum software award in 2009.

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Wikipedia

Internet forum

An Internet forum, or message board, is an online discussion platform where people can hold conversations in the form of posted messages. They differ from chat rooms in that messages are often longer than one line of text, and are at least temporarily archived. Also, depending on the access level of a user or the forum set-up, a posted message might need to be approved by a moderator before it becomes publicly visible. The name comes from the forums of Ancient Rome. Forums have a specific set of jargon associated with them; for example, a single conversation is called a "thread" or "topic". A discussion forum is hierarchical or tree-like in structure; a forum can contain a number of sub-forums, each of which may have several topics. Depending on the forum's settings, users can be anonymous or have to register with the forum and then subsequently log in to post messages. On most forums, users do not have to log in to read existing messages.

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

What prosperous Tulsa district became widely known as “Black Wall Street”?

The Greenwood District.