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MY'STORY

The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
The Truths They Never Taught You...

Katherine Johnson — Mathematics to the Moon

Katherine Johnson’s mathematical calculations helped guide some of America’s most important early space missions while she confronted the racial and gender barriers faced by Black women in twentieth-century America.

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Wikipedia

vol (command)

vol
DevelopersDR, Microsoft, IBM, Toshiba, ReactOS Contributors
ReleaseMarch 1983; 43 years ago (1983-03)
Operating systemMS-DOS, PC DOS, MSX-DOS, FlexOS, SISNE plus, OS/2, eComStation, ArcaOS, DR DOS, ROM-DOS, 4690 OS, PTS-DOS, Windows, FreeDOS, ReactOS
PlatformCross-platform
TypeCommand
The ReactOS vol command

vol is a shell command that reports identifying information about an accessible volume (a.k.a. logical drive) including its label and serial number.

The command is available in shells COMMAND.COM and cmd.exe.[1] It is available in various operating systems including versions of DOS,[2] FlexOS,[3] 4690 OS,[4] OS/2,[5] Windows,[6] ReactOS,[7] PTS-DOS 2000 Pro,[8] and EFI shell.[9] In MS-DOS, it is available in versions 2 and later.[10]

The dir command also displays the volume label and serial number (if any).

Use

[edit]

The command reports information about the volume associated with the working directory by default. If a drive letter is specified, then the command reports information about its associated volume. On Windows, the volume serial number is displayed only for disks formatted with MS-DOS version 4.0 or later. OS/2 allows the user to specify more than one drive.

Examples

[edit]

In OS/2, the command line vol C: reports the label as "OS/2" and the serial number as "0815:1611" like: 

The volume label in drive C is OS/2.
The Volume Serial Number is 0815:1611.

In Windows, the command line vol C: reports the label as "Windows" and the serial number as "080F-100B" like: 

Volume in drive C is Windows
Volume Serial Number is 080F-100B

If drive C: had no label, "has no label" would have shown instead of "is Windows".

Supported file systems

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ MS-DOS and Windows command line vol command
  2. ^ Jamsa, Kris A. (1993), DOS: The Complete Reference, Osborne McGraw-Hill, ISBN 0078819040.
  3. ^ "FlexOS™ User's Guide" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-09-25.
  4. ^ "Unknown".[permanent dead link]
  5. ^ "JaTomes Help - OS/2 Commands". Archived from the original on 2019-04-14. Retrieved 2019-07-21.
  6. ^ Microsoft TechNet Vol article
  7. ^ "Reactos/Reactos". GitHub. 4 November 2021.
  8. ^ "PTS-DOS 2000 Pro User Manual" (PDF). Buggingen, Germany: Paragon Technology GmbH. 1999. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-05-12. Retrieved 2018-05-12.
  9. ^ "EFI Shells and Scripting". Intel. Retrieved 2013-09-25.
  10. ^ Wolverton, Van (2003). Running MS-DOS Version 6.22 (20th Anniversary Edition), 6th Revised edition. Microsoft Press. ISBN 0-7356-1812-7.

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
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Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: Guide to Windows Commands

Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.

Wikipedia

Vol (command)

vol is a shell command that reports identifying information about an accessible volume (a.k.a. logical drive) including its label and serial number. The command is available in shells COMMAND.COM and cmd.exe. It is available in various operating systems including versions of DOS, FlexOS, 4690 OS, OS/2, Windows, ReactOS, PTS-DOS 2000 Pro, and EFI shell. In MS-DOS, it is available in versions 2 and later. The dir command also displays the volume label and serial number (if any).

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Wikipedia

Ls

ls is a shell command for listing files – including special files such as directories. Originally developed for Unix and later codified by POSIX and Single UNIX Specification, it is supported in many operating systems today, including Unix-like variants, Windows (via PowerShell and UnxUtils), EFI, and MSX-DOS (via MSX-DOS2 Tools). The numerical computing environments MATLAB and GNU Octave include an ls command with similar functionality. An ls command appeared in the first version of AT&T UNIX. The name inherited from Multics and is short for "list". ls is part of the X/Open Portability Guide since issue 2 of 1987. It was inherited into the first version of POSIX.1 and the Single Unix Specification. In MS-DOS, OS/2, and Windows, the equivalent command is dir. Apple DOS for the Apple II uses CATALOG.

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Wikipedia

Mkdir

The mkdir (make directory) command in the Unix, DOS, DR FlexOS, IBM OS/2, Microsoft Windows, and ReactOS operating systems is used to make a new directory. It is also available in the EFI shell and in the PHP scripting language. In DOS, OS/2, Windows and ReactOS, the command is often abbreviated to md. The command is analogous to the Stratus OpenVOS create_dir command. MetaComCo TRIPOS and AmigaDOS provide a similar MakeDir command to create new directories. The numerical computing environments MATLAB and GNU Octave include an mkdir function with similar functionality.

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Wikipedia

Dir (command)

dir, short for directory, is a shell command for listing file system contents: files and directories. Arguably, the command provides the same essential functionality as the ls command, but typically the two commands are described as notably separate concepts, possibly since ls is implemented from a codebase that shares more history than many dir implementations. The command is often implemented as internal in the operating system shell instead of as a separate application as many other commands are.

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Which Black woman became the first elected to the United States Congress?

Shirley Chisholm, elected in 1968.