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The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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Shirley Chisholm — Unbought and Unbossed

In 1968 Shirley Chisholm became the first Black woman elected to the United States Congress. In 1972 she launched a campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination, breaking another political barrier.

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Wikipedia

Death Penalty for Terrorists Law

The Death Penalty for Terrorists Act, 2026
Knesset
  • חוק עונש מוות למחבלים, התשפ"ו-2026
Considered byKnesset
Passed30 March 2026
Legislative history
Committee responsibleNational Security Committee
First reading10 November 2025
Second reading30 March 2026
Third reading30 March 2026
Voting summary
  • 62 voted for
  • 48 voted against
  • 1 abstained
Text of statute as originally enacted
Status: Current legislation

The Death Penalty for Terrorists Law (Hebrew: חוק עונש מוות למחבלים, romanized: Khok Onish Mavet laMechablim) is a 2026 Israeli law. It prescribes execution by hanging for certain terrorist offences, and in practice applies only to Palestinians and not Israeli Jews.[1][2][3] The bill was passed 62–48 by the Knesset on 30 March 2026.[4][5][6]

Background

[edit]
Main article: Capital punishment in Israel

Before the passage of the law, capital punishment in Israel under existing laws had been carried out twice, against Meir Tobianski, who was falsely accused of treason during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War,[7] and against former Nazi official Adolf Eichmann.[1]

The New York Times reported that a "majority of Jewish Israelis" supported the imposition of the death penalty, according to polls.[1] The Institute for Liberty and Responsibility reported that it had conducted a survey of all Israelis, according to which over 60% "in principle…support…the imposition of the death penalty" from September 2023 to March 2024.[8]

Legislative history

[edit]

The bill was initiated by the Otzma Yehudit, a far-right political party led by the national security minister Itamar Ben-Gvir.[9] Members of the party began wearing noose-shaped pins on their lapel during sessions of the Knesset in support of the bill.[10][11]

On 10 November 2025, the bill passed its first reading.[12][13]

In initial hearings in September 2025, Gal Hirsch, a coordinator of efforts to free Israeli hostages during the Gaza war, opposed the bill,[14] but later changed position.[15] The legal adviser to the National Security Committee of the Knesset, who reviewed the bill, argued it was discriminatory and unconstitutional.[16] Although senior Shin Bet officials had previously opposed the introduction of the death penalty, David Zini, whom Netanyahu had appointed that year to head the agency, supported the legislation.[17] The Israel Defense Forces did not oppose the death penalty in general but opposed its mandatory imposition.[17]

In February, The Times of Israel reported that Benjamin Netanyahu, the prime minister, had asked Ben-Gvir to "soften" the law's wording for fear of "international legal repercussions and domestic legal challenges", backed by the National Security Council, Shin Bet, and foreign ministry; the modifications envisaged included judicial discretion to substitute life imprisonment for the death penalty, and the removal of a condition that the death penalty could only be applied when the victim of the crime is an Israeli citizen.[18] The committee approved the changes.[19]

On 25 March 2026, the final version of the bill was approved by a parliamentary committee.[20]

Before the vote, Ben-Gvir said "From today, every terrorist will know, and the whole world will know, that whoever takes a life, the State of Israel will take their life".[11]

The bill was passed 62–47.[21] All the parties that formed the 2022 Netanyahu-led coalition, excepting the Agudat Yisrael,[6] faction of United Torah Judaism (UTJ), voted in favour, including the Likud, Shas, Otzma Yehudit, New Hope, Religious Zionist and the Degel HaTorah faction of UTJ (which later left the coalition).[22] The right-wing opposition party Yisrael Beiteinu supported the bill.[6] All other parties voted against the bill; these included Yesh Atid, Blue and White, The Democrats, and the Arab parties United Arab List, Hadash, and Ta'al (Hadash–Ta'al).[21]

Provisions

[edit]

The law imposes the death penalty on persons convicted of fatal terrorist attacks.[note 1][6] In military courts, the death penalty is the "default"; only Palestinians are tried.[6] In civilian courts, both Israelis and Palestinians are tried, but the law applies only to those who "'intentionally cause the death of a person with the aim of denying the existence of the State of Israel'—a definition designed to exclude Jewish terrorists".[6][note 2] It therefore "effectively enshrines capital punishment for Palestinians alone".[6]

The law permits life imprisonment as an alternative in "vaguely defined 'special circumstances'"; the death penalty is otherwise "mandatory" and "must be carried out within 90 days of sentencing".[6]

Implementation

[edit]

On 17 May, the commander of the Israeli central command signed an order putting the law into effect.[25]

Reaction

[edit]

Experts' reactions

[edit]

Before the passage of the law, the Israel Medical Association said medical ethics prohibited participation in executions.[26]

Yoav Sapir, a law professor who previously headed Israel's public defenders' office,[1] and Volker Türk (UN High Commissioner for Human Rights)[27] said the bill discriminated against Palestinians since it would only apply to them. B'Tselem,[28] Amnesty International[29][30] and Human Rights Watch[31] said such discrimination amounted to apartheid. In response to the law's adoption, United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture Dr. Alice Jill Edwards said that "[c]apital punishment is incompatible with human dignity and has no proven deterrent effect”.[32]

Carolyn Hoyle (professor of criminology and director of the death penalty research unit at Oxford) and Ron Dudai (criminology research associate at Ben-Gurion University) argued that the death penalty is ineffective in general and against terrorism in particular, in an expert opinion submitted to the Supreme Court of Israel.[33][34]

A statement by Israeli scholars of international law said the death penalty law was immoral, discriminated against Palestinians by effectively only applying to them, and violated both Israeli and international law.[35]

The UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination said that the law "de facto appli[es] to Palestinians only" and was racially discriminatory.[36]

Diplomatic reactions

[edit]

Joint statements condemning the law were issued by

  • Pakistan, Turkey, Egypt, Indonesia, Jordan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates;[37] and
  • Australia, Germany, France, Italy, New Zealand and the United Kingdom.[38][39][40]

Separate statements condemning the law were made by China,[41] Ireland, Canada, the Palestinian Authority, Hamas,[42] the Council of Europe, and the European Union, which reminded Israel of its human rights obligations under the EU–Israel Association Agreement.[42]

The United States Department of State said it "trust[ed]" there would be "fair trial[s]" and that Israel had a "sovereign right" to determine laws and penalties applying to terrorism.[43]

Political reactions, protests and strikes

[edit]

On 31 March 2026, the Israel Police violently dispersed protesters against the law in West Jerusalem.[44] Haaretz reported that one photojournalist was injured. Five people were arrested in the protests.[45][46]

Internationally, protests against the law were reported in Germany,[47] Amsterdam, the Netherlands and in Daraa, Syria, with videos of Syrian motorcyclists carrying the Shahada flag while protesting against the law near an Israeli checkpoint.[46]

The ruling Fatah party called a general strike in the West Bank on 2 April 2026, closing businesses and public institutions.[48] Protests were held in Ramallah, Nablus and Gaza City,[48] With most businesses in Hebron, Ramallah, and Nablus shutting down in protest, Israeli soldiers forced Palestinian shop owners taking part in the strike in 'Anata, northeast of the Old City of Jerusalem, to open their businesses. Israeli police fired rubber bullets, stun grenades, and tear gas at Palestinians burning tyres at the Qalandia checkpoint between the West Bank and Israel.[49]

28 members of the British House of Commons signed an early day motion tabled mid-April stating the law "may amount to discriminatory treatment and contribute to a system of apartheid".[50] On 22 April, Petra Bayr, president of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, said the Israeli Knesset's membership "might be suspended until there is a decision [against] or until it is clear that the law will not even go into force", and that the death penalty in general precluded membership.[51]

The president of Israel, Isaac Herzog, said the bill was "problematic" and asked how the bill would be implemented; according to a later statement, he was asking "sarcastically" about the law's requirement that court presidents and other officials should watch executions.[52]

Media reactions

[edit]

Editorials in The Guardian,[53] Le Monde,[54] ABC,[55] Sudinfo [fr],[56] and Haaretz[57][58] and columns in The Independent,[59] Outlook,[60] UnHerd,[61] The Forward,[62] Ynet,[63] The Guardian,[64] The Globe and Mail,[65] The Quint,[66] the Middle East Eye,[67] Arutz Sheva,[68] The Jerusalem Post,[69][70] and the Times of Israel[71] condemned the law.

Columnists in The Jerusalem Post[72] and Jewish News Syndicate[73] supported the death penalty.

Jewish groups' reactions

[edit]

In North America, the Reform movement, J Street, Partners for Progressive Israel, JSpace Canada and T'ruah condemned the law, the Conservative movement expressed reservations, the Anti-Defamation League and Jewish Federations of North America said they had no comment, and the Zionist Organization of America supported the law.[74] In Australia, AIJAC and the Zionist Federation opposed the law, and the Executive Council of Australian Jewry expressed concerns that the law is a departure from Jewish principles.[75][76] The Board of Deputies of British Jews condemned the law.[74] The president of the umbrella Representative Council of French Jewish Institutions denounced the law.[77]

[edit]

Challenges announced

[edit]

Legal challenges were announced by the following political parties: Yesh Atid, Hadash–Ta’al, and The Democrats.[6][78]

Petitions filed

[edit]

On 30 March, the Association for Civil Rights in Israel filed a petition against the law.[6] The association said the law was racially discriminatory, the Knesset was not permitted to directly legislate for the West Bank, and the death penalty's alleged deterrent effect was unproven.[79] The same day, Adalah filed a petition supported by the Public Committee Against Torture in Israel, HaMoked, Physicians for Human Rights–Israel, and Gisha and Hadash–Ta'al MKs Aida Touma-Suleiman, Ahmad Tibi and Ayman Odeh.[80]

On 31 March, the High Court ordered the government to respond to requests for an interim order suspending the application of the law pending a final decision.[81]

Gilad Kariv, Zulat and Rabbis for Human Rights petitioned the court on 5 April.[82] The petition, in common with others, argued that the law is discriminatory and unconstitutional, that the Knesset has no authority to directly legislate for the West Bank, and that in any case it would not deter terrorism and might be counterproductive.[83]

[edit]

Ben-Gvir told The Jerusalem Post the law was modelled on the "correct and just" US model for the death penalty, that in visits to prisons the deterrent effect was already evident, and that legal challenges would fail.[84]

An analysis in the Times of Israel said that the law had "serious constitutional defects", violated the right to life, discriminated against Palestinians, and was of uncertain effectiveness against terrorism.[85] The analysis said that the court could decline to quash the law in its entirety, due to caution in intervening in matters of national security, and the political context, or could quash only parts of the law.[85] A Knesset source and legal expert said the law was deliberately written to elicit judicial intervention; the legal expert said this would allow the coalition to attack the courts, and the Knesset source said the purpose of the law was to assist the governing coalition's campaign for re-election.[85]

See also

[edit]

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ Under Israeli law, terrorists are defined under "The Counter-Terrorism Law, 5776-2016".[23]
  2. ^ Ha'aretz writes that the law "creates a distinction designating it almost exclusively for Palestinian terror, while the ideological burden of proof it sets is expected to make its application to Jewish nationalist terror nearly impossible".[24]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Boxerman, Aaron; Reiss, Johnatan (30 March 2026). "Israel Debates Law to Hang Palestinians Convicted of Deadly Attacks". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  2. ^ Shotter, James (30 March 2026). "Israel approves death penalty law targeting Palestinians". Financial Times.
  3. ^ "Palestinians convicted of deadly attacks face death penalty under new Israeli law". www.bbc.com. 30 March 2026. Retrieved 31 March 2026.
  4. ^ Tondo, Lorenzo (30 March 2026). "Israel passes law to give death penalty to Palestinians convicted of lethal attacks". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  5. ^ Lubell, Maayan; Magid, Pesha (30 March 2026). "Israel passes death penalty law for Palestinians convicted of lethal attacks". Reuters.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Knesset passes law requiring death penalty for West Bank Palestinians convicted of terrorism". The Times of Israel. 30 March 2026. ISSN 0040-7909. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  7. ^ Krämer, Tania (30 March 2026). "An in-depth look at Israel's new death penalty law". Deutsche Welle.
  8. ^ Efrat, Asif (July 2024). "Changes in Israeli Public Opinion during the War in Gaza, 2023–2024" (PDF). Institute for Liberty and Responsibility, Reichmann University. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  9. ^ Tondo, Lorenzo (25 March 2026). "Israel's death penalty bill for Palestinian prisoners moves to final vote". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  10. ^ Summers, Charlie (8 December 2025). "Far-right MKs sport noose-shaped pins at hearing on controversial death penalty bill". The Times of Israel. ISSN 0040-7909. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  11. ^ a b Frankel, Julia (30 March 2026). "Israel's parliament approves death penalty for Palestinians convicted of murdering Israelis". PBS News. Associated Press. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  12. ^ Shalev, Tal; Yee, Isaac (10 November 2025). "Controversial death penalty and foreign media bills clear first reading in Israel's parliament". CNN. Retrieved 12 November 2025.
  13. ^ Ettinger, Amir (10 November 2025). "Death penalty for terrorists bill passes first reading". Ynet. Retrieved 10 November 2025.
  14. ^ Summers, Charlie; Sokol, Sam; Freiberg, Nava (28 September 2025). "Ignoring legal advice and warning on hostages, MKs advance death penalty for terrorists". Times of Israel. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  15. ^ Berman, Lazar (3 November 2025). "With PM's support, MKs advance bill on death penalty for terrorists who kill Israelis". Times of Israel. TOI Staff. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  16. ^ Karmel, Ariela; Sokol, Sam (24 April 2026). "Lawmakers advance death penalty for terrorists bill to Knesset plenum for final vote". Times of Israel. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  17. ^ a b "Shin Bet said to back death penalty for terrorists, in departure from previous stance". Times of Israel. 21 November 2025. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  18. ^ "PM said pushing to soften wording of bill mandating death penalty for terrorists". Times of Israel. 14 February 2026. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  19. ^ Sokol, Sam; Karmel, Ariela (23 March 2026). "Knesset committee to vote on advancing death penalty bill to final two readings next week". Times of Israel. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  20. ^ "Israel poised to pass controversial death penalty bill". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  21. ^ a b Abushamala, Rania (31 March 2026). "FACTBOX – 62 Israeli Knesset members back, 47 oppose Palestinian prisoners' death penalty law: Who are they?". Anadolu Ajansı.
  22. ^ Sokol, Sam (14 July 2025). "United Torah Judaism quits gov't to protest new proposal on army enlistment exemptions". The Times of Israel. ISSN 0040-7909. Retrieved 1 April 2026.
  23. ^ "The Counter-Terrorism Law, 5776-2016 (Unofficial Translation)" (PDF). gov.il. 1 November 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2026.
  24. ^ "Israel passes bill mandating death penalty for Palestinians convicted of terror". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 31 March 2026. Retrieved 31 March 2026.
  25. ^ Shpigel, Noa; Kubovich, Yaniv (17 May 2026). "New IDF Order Extends Israel's New Death Penalty Law to West Bank Palestinians Convicted of Terror". Haaretz.
  26. ^ Jaffa, Jacob (27 November 2025). "Israeli medics' union comes out against death penalty bill". Jewish Chronicle.
  27. ^ M.I. "Israel: UN Human Rights Chief says draft proposals on death penalty for Palestinians must be dropped". Question of Palestine. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  28. ^ Cordall, Simon Speakman (1 April 2026). "'This is an apartheid regime': Critics decry Israel's new death penalty law". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  29. ^ "Israel's parliament passes death penalty bill targeting Palestinians". Al Jazeera. Agence France-Presse, Associated Press, and Al Jazeera staff. 30 March 2026. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  30. ^ "Israel/OPT: Newly adopted death penalty law must be repealed". Amnesty International. 30 March 2026. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  31. ^ "Israel: Discriminatory Death Penalty Bill Passes". Human Rights Watch. 31 March 2026. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  32. ^ Edwards, Alice J. (2 April 2026). "New Israeli death penalty law risks violating absolute prohibition of torture, says UN expert" (Press release). Geneva: United Nations. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. Retrieved 22 April 2026.
  33. ^ Hoyle, Carolyn (30 March 2026). "Ben Gvir's noose will not bring security". Jewish News.
  34. ^ Hoyle, Carolyn; Dudai, Ron (30 March 2026). "Expert opinion on the deterrent effect of the death penalty" (PDF). Adalah.
  35. ^ "Statement by Israeli International Law Scholars Concerning Israel's New "Death Penalty for Terrorists" Law". Just Security. 31 March 2026.
  36. ^ Karmel, Ariela (1 May 2026). "UN watchdog argues Israel's death penalty law perpetuates racial discrimination". Times of Israel. Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 2 May 2026.
  37. ^ "Eight countries condemn Israel's one-sided death penalty for Palestinians". Al Jazeera. 2 April 2026. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  38. ^ "Europe slams Israel over death penalty bill and freedom of religion". Politico Europe. 30 March 2026. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  39. ^ "European nations criticise Israel's death penalty plans". Al Jazeera. Agence France-Presse and Al Jazeera staff. 29 March 2026. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  40. ^ "Joint statement on Israel's Death Penalty Bill: 29 March 2026". GOV.UK. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  41. ^ "China urges respect for Palestinian rights after Israel passes death penalty law". Hong Kong Free Press. Agence France-Presse. 3 April 2026. Retrieved 5 April 2026.
  42. ^ a b "'Dangerous escalation': World reacts to Israel passing death penalty law". Al Jazeera. Al Jazeera staff. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  43. ^ Magid, Jacob (31 March 2026). "US refrains from condemning controversial death penalty law passed by Israel". Times of Israel. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  44. ^ Israeli police violently disperse anti-death penalty protest with water cannons. Trt. Retrieved 1 April 2026 – via www.youtube.com.
  45. ^ "Five Arrested as Police Violently Disperse Protest Against Israel's New Death Penalty Law". Haaretz. 31 March 2026.
  46. ^ a b "Global protests condemning Israel's new death penalty law for Palestinians". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 3 April 2026.
  47. ^ "Schock-Szene am Alexanderplatz: Demo inszeniert Hinrichtung – Polizei schaut nur zu". T-Online (in German). 10 April 2026.
  48. ^ a b Yohanan, Nurit (2 April 2026). "West Bank Palestinians protest, go on strike against new death penalty law". Times of Israel. agencies. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  49. ^ Everett, Mariamme (2 April 2026). "Palestinians in West Bank protest, strike against Israeli death penalty law". Al Jazeera. Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  50. ^ "Israeli death penalty law and military courts". edm.parliament.uk. UK Parliament. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 22 April 2026.
  51. ^ Rankin, Jennifer (22 April 2026). "Israel's death penalty law could spell suspension from rights body role, says chief". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 April 2026.
  52. ^ Tov, Michael Hauser (30 April 2026). "Israel's President Herzog: Death Penalty Law for Palestinians Charged With Terrorism 'Problematic'". Haaretz. Retrieved 2 May 2026.
  53. ^ "The Guardian view on Israel's death penalty: capital punishment is always wrong. This new law is doubly so". The Guardian. 31 March 2026. Retrieved 1 April 2026.
  54. ^ "Peine de mort pour les Palestiniens accusés de meurtre « terroriste » : une nouvelle étape dans la dérive du gouvernement Nétanyahou". Le Monde. 2 April 2026. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  55. ^ "La preocupante deriva del Estado de Israel". ABC. 3 April 2026. pp. The worrying path of the State of Israel. Retrieved 9 April 2026.
  56. ^ Grosjean, Gaspard (31 March 2026). "Peine de mort en Israël : la loi de la honte" [Death penalty in Israel: a shameful law]. Sudinfo. Retrieved 9 April 2026.
  57. ^ "A Racist, Mandatory Death Penalty Law Would Be an Indelible Stain on Israel". Haaretz. 3 November 2025.,
  58. ^ "Israel Shouldn't 'Soften' the Proposed Death Penalty Bill. Get Rid of It". Haaretz. 26 February 2026.
  59. ^ Lewis, Eric (19 April 2026). "Israel's chilling new death penalty is as racist as it is abhorrent". The Independent. Retrieved 20 April 2026.
  60. ^ Al Hamarna, Yahya (16 April 2026). "'Israel's Instrument of Pressure': A Palestinian Response To New Death Penalty Law". Outlook. Retrieved 20 April 2026.
  61. ^ Bartov, Omer (14 April 2026). "Israel's death penalty shame: Real justice isn't joyful". UnHerd. Retrieved 20 April 2026.
  62. ^ Perry, Dan (30 March 2026). "An abominable new Israeli law is a death warrant for democracy". The Forward. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  63. ^ Friedmann, Liran (31 March 2026). "Moral and strategic failure: Israel's death penalty law ruins everything and solves nothing". Ynet. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  64. ^ Novak, Yuli (2 April 2026). "Israel's death penalty law marks a new phase in its dehumanisation of Palestinians". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  65. ^ Mason, Gary (2 April 2026). "Israel's government does not seem to care what the world thinks". Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  66. ^ Muni, Vyas; Buttan, Pulkit (2 April 2026). "Israel's Death Penalty Law For Palestinians Only Has Bigotry Written All Over It". The Quint. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  67. ^ Hussein, Abu Hussein (1 April 2026). "Why Israel's death penalty law is a massive setback for human rights". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  68. ^ Castro, Rafael (16 November 2025). "The Rightist Case against the Death Penalty for Islamic Terrorists". Israel National News. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  69. ^ Zoosman, Michael J. (17 February 2026). "Israel's perilous death penalty bill also endangers Diaspora Jews". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  70. ^ Greenberg, Yitz (25 January 2026). "Moral, legal issues with Israel's terrorist death penalty". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  71. ^ Yoaz, Yuval (3 April 2026). "The death penalty law for Palestinians convicted of deadly acts of terror is unconstitutional". Times of Israel. Retrieved 5 April 2026.
  72. ^ Sternberg, Alex (17 February 2026). "Israel should enact the Ben-Gvir death penalty law". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  73. ^ Williams, Kevin Jon (7 April 2026). "Israel must resume enforcement of its death penalty for Jew-killers". Jewish News Syndicate. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  74. ^ a b Maltz, Judy. "'A Moral Stain': Liberal Jewish Groups Outraged by Israel's New, Discriminatory Death Penalty Law". Haaretz.
  75. ^ Narunsky, Gareth (9 April 2026). "Concern over Israel's new death penalty law". Australian Jewish News. Retrieved 9 April 2026.
  76. ^ "Israel death penalty law". www.ecaj.org.au. Executive Council of Australian Jewry. 1 April 2026. Retrieved 22 April 2026.
  77. ^ Arfi, Yonathan (1 April 2026). "En Israël comme ailleurs, refuser la peine de mort". Conseil répresentatif des institutions juives de France. Retrieved 9 April 2026.
  78. ^ Sharon, Jeremy (30 March 2026). "Civil rights org files petition against death penalty law, calls it 'unconstitutional,' 'discriminatory'". The Times of Israel. ISSN 0040-7909. Retrieved 1 April 2026.
  79. ^ "Abolish the Death Penalty Law". Association for Civil Rights in Israel. 30 March 2026. Retrieved 9 April 2026.
  80. ^ "עתירה למתן צו על תנאי ובקשה למתן צו ביניים - בית המשפט העליון" [Petition for an order nisi and request for an interim order] (PDF). Adalah.
  81. ^ בלוך, אברהם (31 March 2026). "בג"ץ הכריע: נדון בעתירות לביטול חוק עונש מוות למחבלים" [High Court of Justice rules it will hear petitions against death penalty for terrorists law]. Maariv. Retrieved 9 April 2026.
  82. ^ "עתירה דחופה ביותר למתן צוויים על תנאי ובקשה למתן צו ביניים" [Urgent petition for order nisi and request for an interim order] (PDF). Zulat. Retrieved 9 April 2026.
  83. ^ Karmel, Ariela (6 April 2026). "Democrats MK, rights org petition High Court against death penalty law". Times of Israel. Retrieved 9 April 2026.
  84. ^ Neev, Keshet (6 April 2026). "Israel's death penalty law draws inspiration from US policy, Ben-Gvir tells 'Post'". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 9 April 2026.
  85. ^ a b c Karmel, Ariela (16 April 2026). "Experts say death penalty law discriminatory and drastic, but not necessarily doomed". Times of Israel. Retrieved 20 April 2026.
[edit]

Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.

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Wikipedia

Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act

The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, commonly referred to as the 1994 Crime Bill, or the Clinton Crime Bill, is an act of Congress dealing with crime and law enforcement; it became law in 1994. It is the largest crime bill in the history of the United States, consisting of 356 pages that provided for 100,000 new police officers and $9.7 billion in funding for prisons which were designed with significant input from experienced police officers. Sponsored by U.S. Representative Jack Brooks of Texas, the bill was passed by Congress and signed into law by President Bill Clinton. Then-Senator Joe Biden of Delaware drafted the Senate version of the legislation in cooperation with the National Association of Police Organizations, also incorporating the Assault Weapons ban and the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) with Senator Orrin Hatch. The Violent Crime Prevention and Law Enforcement Act was first conceived by the government in the early 1990s, with Senator Joe Biden, then chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, playing a major role in drafting the law. Biden worked closely with law enforcement officials, especially the National Police Officers Association, due to his keenness to reduce crime and impose security and peace in the United States. Biden developed measures aimed at reducing crime by formulating some basic concepts on how to avoid crimes or punish criminals with severe penalties. He also added that when drafting the law, certain strategies should be used to help punish and rehabilitate prisoners. He also said that the National Association of Police Organizations played a major role in drafting the bill by formulating policies that were fully aligned with the priorities of law enforcement agencies across the United States. More deeply, the police, due to their many patrols in areas where crimes are rampant, helped reduce those risks because the police arrested a large percentage of drug dealers, gangs and criminals. Republicans argued that the bill would provide significant funding for crime prevention programs that purported to be social rehabilitation, while drug treatment programs and youth crime initiatives could cost the state much money but could be ineffective. They argued that punitive measures could be easier and more effective. Following the 101 California Street shooting, the 1993 Waco Siege, and other high-profile instances of violent crime, the act expanded federal law in several ways. One of the most noted sections was the Federal Assault Weapons Ban. Other parts of the act provided for a greatly expanded federal death penalty, new classes of individuals banned from possessing firearms, and a variety of new crimes defined in statutes relating to hate crimes, sex crimes, and gang-related crime. The bill also required states to establish registries for sexual offenders by September 1997.

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Which heavyweight champion was known as the “Brown Bomber”?

Joe Louis.