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The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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Katherine Johnson — Mathematics to the Moon

Katherine Johnson’s mathematical calculations helped guide some of America’s most important early space missions while she confronted the racial and gender barriers faced by Black women in twentieth-century America.

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Wikipedia

Destination Freedom

Destination Freedom
GenreDramatic anthology
Running time30 minutesSunday mornings
Home stationWMAQ
StarringOscar Brown Jr., Vernon Jarrett, Janice Kingslow, Fred Pinkard, Studs Terkel, Wezlyn Tilden; also, Maurice Copeland, Tony Parrish, Jack Gibson, Harris Gaines, Louise Pruitt, Arthur Peterson, Norma Ransom, Forrest Lewis, Hope Summers, Boris Apion, Jess Pugh, Ted Liss, Don Gallagher, Harry Elders, Everett Clarke, Jack Lester, Art Hern, Les Spears, Dean Olmquist, Russ Reed
AnnouncerHugh Downs
Created byRichard Durham
Written byRichard Durham, Ray Derby, William Hodapp, Bob Ecklund, Madeline Peters, Billie McKee, Bob McKee, Christine Squires, Martin Maloney, Charles Flynn
Directed byHomer Heck, Dick Loughran, Norman Felton, Bob Wambold, John Cowan, Larry Auerbach
Produced byHomer Heck[1] Donnie L Betts[2]
Executive producerJudith Waller
Recording studioChicago
Original releaseJune 27, 1948 (1948-06-27) –
November 19, 1951 (1951-11-19)
Opening theme"Oh, Freedom"
Sponsored byThe Chicago Defender, Chicago Urban League (1950), United Negro College Fund

Destination Freedom was a series of weekly radio programs that was produced by WMAQ in Chicago. The first set ran from 1948 to 1950 and it presented the biographical histories of prominent African Americans such as George Washington Carver, Satchel Paige, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, and Lena Horne.[3][4] The scripts for those shows were written by Richard Durham.[4] Studs Terkel voiced some of the radio characters.[5] Hugh Downs also served as an announcer in both the initial and 1950 series.[6]

History

[edit]

The second series of shows ran from 1950 to 1951, and it was produced without Durham. This second series featured patriotic themed dramas that were largely based on Americanism and anti-Communism.

The show was the brainchild of African-American journalist and author Richard Durham.[7][8] In cooperation with The Chicago Defender, he began this series over NBC Chicago outlet WMAQ in June 1948, with scripts emphasizing the progress of African Americans from the days of slavery to the ongoing struggle for racial justice. Airing in Sunday-morning public-service time, the series built a steady audience in the Midwest, with inspirational stories of social progress, earning strong support from Civil Rights organizations, and offering employment to a wide range of African-American performers. Episodes began with a stanza from the spiritual "Oh, Freedom".[9]

Destination Freedom premiered on June 27, 1948, on Chicago radio WMAQ. Durham's vision was to re-educate the masses on the image of African-American society, since he believed that it was tainted with inaccurate and derogatory stereotypes. Week after week, Durham would challenge these stereotypes by illustrating the lives of prominent African Americans. For two years, Durham wrote script after script for Destination Freedom, receiving no financial compensation for his effort. In 1950, Durham's financial needs forced him to accept an offer by Don Ameche to write material for him. It is also said that Durham's relationship with NBC and WMAQ was not entirely harmonious. Continuing without Durham, the final year of the program turned to general themes of "American freedom", without the sharp focus on the African-American experience. This, WMAQ hoped, would create a show to rival Paul Revere Speaks, a popular show at the time. For about 50 years, the show was long forgotten until some transcripts were found, and the characters voiced by Fred Pinkard,[10][11] Oscar Brown Jr.,[12] Wezlyn Tilden,[13] and Janice Kingslow,[14][15] were heard once more.

Two early recordings, "A Garage in Gainesville" and "Execution Awaited", are listed in National Recording Registry.[16] In 1949, it received a first-place commendation from the Ohio State University Institute for Education by Radio.[17]

Richard Durham episodes

[edit]
Links for each episode subject are provided
Episodes are listed in order of 1st broadcast [3]: ix–xxi 
1948 episodes
  1. The Knock-Kneed Man – Crispus Attucks – June 27 and July 30, 1950[18][19]
  2. Railway to Freedom – Harriet Tubman – July 4[20][3]: 63–80 
  3. Dark Explorers – Moors who helped explore New Spain – July 11[21][3]: 15–30 
  4. The Denmark Vesey Story – community leader in Charleston, South Carolina (c. 1767–1822) – July 18[22][3]: 47–62 
  5. The Making of a Man – Frederick Douglass: Part 1 – June 27[23]
  6. The Key to Freedom – Frederick Douglass: Part 2 – August 1[24]
  7. The Heart of George Cotton – doctors Daniel Hale Williams and Ulysses Grant Dailey – August 8 and October 31.[25][3]: ix, 117–129 
  8. Truth Goes to Washington – Sojourner Truth – August 15[26]
  9. Arctic Autograph – Matthew Henson – August 22[27]
  10. The Story of 1875 – Charles Caldwell – August 29[28][3]: 101–116 
  11. Poet in Pine Mill – James Weldon Johnson – September 5[29]
  12. The Father of the Blues – W. C. Handy – September 12[30]
  13. Boy with a Dream – J. Ernest Wilkins Jr. – September 19[31]
  14. Shakespeare of Harlem – Langston Hughes – September 26[32]
  15. Citizen – Toussaint l'Ouverture and the Haitian Revolution – October 3[33][3]: 31–46 
  16. Little David – Joe Louis – October 10[34]
  17. The Boy Who Was Traded for a Horse – George Washington Carver – October 17[35]
  18. Repeat performance of The Heart of George Cotton – October 31[36][3]: ix, 117–129 
  19. Echoes of Harlem – Duke Ellington – November 7[37]
  20. One Out of Seventeen – Mary McLeod Bethune – November 14[38]
  21. The Rhyme of the Ancient Dodger – Jackie Robinson – November 21[39][3]: 231–246 
  22. Investigator for Democracy – Walter Francis White – November 28 [40]
  23. Autobiography of a Hero – Doris ("Dorie") Miller – December 5[41]
  24. The Pied Piper Versus Paul Revere – Albert Merritt – founder of the Boys Club of Martinsville, Indiana[42] – December 12
  25. Choir Girl from Philadelphia – Marian Anderson – December 19[43]
  26. Mike Rex – author Willard Motley – December 26[44]
1949 episodes
  1. Maiden Speech – Oscar Stanton De Priest – January 2[45]
  2. The Boy Who Beat the Bus – Governor William H. Hastie – January 9[46]
  3. The Chopin Murder Case – Hazel Scott – January 16
  4. The World's Fastest Human – Jesse Owens – January 23
  5. Last Letter Home – 332nd Fighter Group (Tuskegee Airmen) – January 30 and August 13, 1950[47]
  6. Searcher for History W.E.B. Du Bois – February 6
  7. The Death of Aesop – February 13 and November 27[48]
  8. Peace Mediator – Dr. Ralph J Bunche – February 20 and August 6, 1950[49][3]: 145–161 
  9. The Houses That Paul Built – Paul R. Williams – February 27[50]
  10. Do Something! Be Somebody! – Canada Lee – March 6[51]
  11. Up From Slavery – Booker T. Washington – March 13[52]
  12. Black Boy – Richard Wright – March 20[53]
  13. Transfusion – Charles R. Drew and his work on blood transfusion – March 27[54]
  14. Pagan Poet – Countee Cullen – April 3[55]
  15. Woman with a Mission – Ida B. Wells – April 10[56]
  16. Before I Sleep – poet Paul Laurence Dunbar – April 17[57]
  17. Apostle of Freedom – Richard Allen – April 24
  18. Help the Blind – Josh White – May 1[58]
  19. The Ballad of Satchel Paige – May 15[59]
  20. The Secretary of Peace – Benjamin Banneker – May 22
  21. The Saga of Melody Jackson – Henry Armstrong – May 29[60]
  22. Anatomy of an Ordinance – Alderman Rev. Archibald Carey – June 5[61]
  23. Negro Cinderella – Lena Horne – June 12[62]
  24. Ghost Editor – Roscoe Dunjee – June 19[63]
  25. Harriet's Children (First anniversary program) – June 26[64]
  26. Norfolk Miracle – Dorothy Maynor – July 3 (rebroadcast February 2002 by KGNU)[65]
  27. Tales of Stackalee (Black folklore hero) – July 17[3]: 199–214 [66]
  28. The Legend of John Henry – a retelling of the folk hero story – July 24[67]
  29. The Trumpet Talks – Louis Armstrong – July 31[68][3]: 183–198 
  30. The Long Road – Mary Church Terrell – August 7[69][3]: 215–229 
  31. Black Hamlet, Part I – Henri Christophe (life as a slave) – August 14
  32. Black Hamlet, Part II – Henri Christophe (rise to power) – August 21[70]
  33. Segregation Incorporated – National Committee on Segregation in the Nation's Capital, 1947–51 – August 28; rebroadcast in January 2003 by KGNU[71][3]: 163–179 [72][73]
  34. The Saga of Senator Blanche K. Bruce – September 4[74]
  35. The Tiger Hunt – the 761st Tank Battalion in World War II – September 11[75]
  36. Poet in Bronzeville – Gwendolyn Brooks – September 18[76]
  37. A Garage in Gainesville – retelling of a lynching in a small southern town – September 25[77]
  38. Execution Awaited – a simulated court trial examining prejudice and racism – October 2[78][79]
  39. Father to Son – Adam Clayton Powell Sr. and Adam Clayton Powell Jr. – October 9, rebroadcast in August 2002 by station KGNU[80]
  40. Of Blood and the Boogie – Albert Ammons – October 16[81]
  41. Diary of a Nurse – Jane Edna Hunter – October 23[82]
  42. Keeper of the Dream – Captain Hugh Mulzac, commander of the SS Booker T. Washington – October 30[83]
  43. The Man Who Owned Chicago – Jean Baptiste Point du Sable – November 6[84]
  44. Blind Alley Symphony – Dean Dixon – November 13
  45. The Tale of the Tobacco Auctioneer — Kenneth R. Williams – November 20
  46. The Death of Aesop – February 13 and November 27[3]: 183–198 
  47. Joe Rainey vs. The Status Quo – Joseph Homer Rainey – December 4
1950 episodes
  1. The Birth of a League – the Great Northern Migration and formation of the Chicago Urban League – January 15[85]
  2. Lawyer of Liberty – William Henry Huff – January 22[86]
  3. Portrait of Bill "Bojangles" Robinson – January 29[87]
  4. Housing: Chicago – February 5
  5. Recorder of History – Dr. Carter G. Woodson, founded Negro History Week in Chicago – February 12[88]
  6. Brotherhood Week Begins at Home – February 19 – Tribute to Hugh C. McMannan[89]
  7. The Umfunddisi of Ndotsgeni – Todd Duncan – February 26
  8. The Atlanta Thesis – E. Franklin Frazier – March 5
  9. Premonition of the Panther – Sugar Ray Robinson – March 12[90][3]: 247–263 
  10. The Making of a Balladeer – Lonnie Johnson – March 19
  11. The Liberators (Part I) – William Lloyd Garrison – March 26[91][3]: 81–97 
  12. The Liberators (Part II) – Wendell Phillips – April 2[92]
  13. The Buddy Young Story – April 9[93]
  14. The Fifth District Crime Fighter (Captain Kinzie Bleuitt[94]) – a dramatization of law enforcement efforts in South Side, Chicago – April 16[95][96]
  15. The Dance Anthropologist – Katherine Dunham – April 23[97]
  16. The Case of Samuel Johnson – judge Jane Bolin – May 7[98]
  17. The Sorrow Songs – Spirituals – May 14[99] Durham won a Peabody Award for this performance in this episode.[100]
  18. John Hope, Educator – May 21
  19. The Grave Diggers' Handicap – Isaac Murphy – June 4[101]
  20. The Shy Boy – Fats Waller – June 11[102]
  21. The Case of the Congressman's Train Ride – Richard Westbrooks, who represented Arthur Mitchell in a US Supreme Court case – June 18[103]
  22. The Angel of Federal Street – a tale about heaven and South Side, Chicago – nurse Ruth Blue Turnquist – June 25[104]
  23. Kansas City Phone Call – Nat King Cole – July 2[105]
  24. Mr. Jerico Adjusts a Claim – William Nickerson Jr. and the Golden State Mutual Life Insurance Company – July 9[106]
  25. Test by Fire – Charlotte Hawkins – July 16
  26. Sing a Song for Children – Pruth McFarlin – July 23, rebroadcast in September 2002 on KGNU[107]

Post-Durham episodes – Paul Revere "Patriotic Freedom" format

[edit]
Episodes after the October 1950 relaunch, ending July 1951
Dates may vary depending upon the sources used
  • Patriotic Format – opening show for 1950, a discussion of freedom amongst historic figures – October 15, 1950[108][109][1]
  • United Nations – promoting the establishment of the organization – December 17, 1950[110][111]
  • Magic Words – a recap of the basic rights of freedom – November 5, 1951[citation needed]
  • The Golden Circle – beginnings of the Knights of the Golden Circle – November 12, 1950[112]
  • Breakdown – an arrest (of Michael Shiftkoff) by the secret police in Communist Bulgaria – November 18, 1950[1]
  • The Price (Mackton and Winston of Company 'D') – a retelling of an American infantry unit's deployment to the Korean War – November 26, 1950[1]
  • Matthew Lyon – criticism of the Alien and Sedition Acts – December 10, 1950[1]
  • Weapons for Peace (United Nations) – illustrates the danger of world-wide nuclear war – December 17, 1950[1]
  • Peace on Earth (Frank Johnson Story) – a veteran's perspective on the end of a war – December 24, 1950[1]
  • John, Alma, Johnny and Myra – drama about the Occupation of the Baltic states – December 31, 1950[113]
  • The Capture – retells the story of Nathan Hale – January 7, 1951[114]
  • Dwight David Eisenhower – retells the story of his life up to his presidential election – January 14, 1951[1]
  • Freedom of Assembly (Jeff Maxwell Story) – review of the right – February 4, 1951[1]
  • Forced Confession – promotes Due Process of Law – February 18, 1951[115]
  • Anna Zenger – the first woman to publish a newspaper in America – February 25, 1951[1]
  • Benjamin Drake Story – drama about local people opposing unruly, oppressive people – March 4, 1951[116][117]
  • The Dick Draper Story – drama about employment rights in the United States – March 11, 1951[118][119]
  • Thomas Wright, American Citizen – About private efforts, including coercion, to thwart housing segregation in the United States – March 18, 1951[120]
  • Citizen Whitney – a dramatic criticism of Marxism and religion – March 25, 1951[121]
  • The Jones Family – a dramatization about eminent domain – April 8, 1951[122][123]
  • Fred Custer Story – a dramatization about attending college and medical school – April 15, 1951[124][125]
  • Reverend Browns Half Acre – concerns property ownership – April 22, 1951[126][127]
  • Korean Frontline – Stories about the Korean War and communism in China – April 29, 1951[1]
  • Harper College Story (The Test) – Discusses education – May 6, 1951[1]
  • Open for Business – the difficulties and rewards of owning a small retail business – May 13, 1951[1]
  • Judge Farwell's Story – reflections of a US Federal Judge – May 19, 1951[1]
  • Anna's Story – an immigrant from Sweden – January 21, 1951[128][129]
  • Russell Thomas Story: Coal Miner to Pharmacist – Illustrates the opportunity for advancement available in America – June 2, 1951[130]
  • Crisis in Avondale (The Avondale Story) – a drama about how free speech can be irresponsibly misused – June 9, 1951[1]
  • Mike Yankovich, Minnesota Miner (Decision) – a drama about the costs and benefits of unionization in mining – June 16, 1951[1]
  • Wanted, a Witness – a drama about the civic responsibility to assist in solving crimes – June 23, 1951[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Haendiges, Jerry. "Jerry Haendiges Vintage Radio Logs".
  2. ^ Longo-Better, Rossana (February 15, 2022). "Storytellers of Color: donnie l. betts on Reaching Destination Freedom by Radio". Boulder, CO: KGNU Radio. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r MacDonald, J. Fred, ed. (1989). Richard Durham's Destination Freedom. New York: Praeger. ISBN 978-0275931384. ISSN 0890-7161. LCCN 88-35686. OCLC 18986323.: 2–10  (Also see MacDonald, J. Fred (Spring 1978). "Radio's Black Heritage. Destination Freedom, 1948–1950". Phylon. 39 (66): 66–73. doi:10.2307/274433. JSTOR 274433. OCLC 425277414.)
  4. ^ a b Dunning, John (1998). On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio (Revised ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 196–198. ISBN 978-0195076783. Retrieved June 12, 2020.
  5. ^ "Studs Terkel Biography" (audio). Old Time Radio Researchers – via YouTube.
  6. ^ "Hugh Downs Biography" (audio). Old Time Radio Researchers – via YouTube.
  7. ^ "Richard Durham (1917–1984)". March 28, 2014.
  8. ^ "Richard Durham Biography" (audio). Old Time Radio Researchers – via YouTube.
  9. ^ Lawrence-Sanders, Ashleigh (March 16, 2018). "History, Memory, and the Power of Black Radio". AAIHS.org.
  10. ^ "Fred Pinkard, 84; Actor's Career Spanned Radio, TV, Film, Theater". Los Angeles Times. August 11, 2004.
  11. ^ "Fred Pinkard Biography" (audio). Old Time Radio Researchers – via YouTube.
  12. ^ "Oscar Brown Jr. Biography" (audio). Old Time Radio Researchers – via YouTube.
  13. ^ "Wezlyn Tilden on Apple Music". Apple Music.
  14. ^ "Janice Kingslow Biography" (audio). Old Time Radio Researchers – via YouTube.
  15. ^ "Janice Kingslow on Apple Music". Apple Music.
  16. ^ Ellett, Ryan (2015). "Destination Freedom, 'A Garage in Gainesville' and 'Execution Awaited' (September 25; October 2, 1949)" (PDF). Library of Congress.
  17. ^ Olson, O. Joe, ed. (1949). Education on the Air. Nineteenth Yearbook of the Institution for Education by Radio. Columbus: Ohio State University Press. p. 412. OCLC 499232940.
  18. ^ Recording OCLC 45756791
  19. ^ Ellett, Ryan (August 2, 2017). "Destination: Freedom Review". wordpress.com. Retrieved November 18, 2023. Includes a June 30, 1948 review of 'The Knock-Kneed Man' episode
  20. ^ Recording OCLC 1323031217, 44432639, 13552192
  21. ^ Recording OCLC 1323199177, 13571262
  22. ^ Recording OCLC 1323032225, 44430954, 13571262
  23. ^ Recording OCLC 65428451, 13571331, 144689200; ISBN 978-1931180290
  24. ^ Recording OCLC 65428606, 80786482; ISBN 978-1931180283
  25. ^ Recording OCLC 1323109441, 44432615, 13539710
  26. ^ Recording OCLC 1323168754, 83590829, 13539710; ISBN 978-1931180085
  27. ^ Recording OCLC 1323122806, 13539680
  28. ^ Recording OCLC 1323028547, 44432611, 13539680
  29. ^ Recording OCLC 1323213199, 13552117
  30. ^ Recording OCLC 1323080874, 13571298, 83590842
  31. ^ Recording OCLC 1323012887
  32. ^ Recording OCLC 1323009233, 13571468, 226381133; ISBN 978-1931180177
  33. ^ Recording OCLC 1323070842, 26452895; ISBN 978-1931180092
  34. ^ Recording OCLC 1323014705
  35. ^ Recording OCLC 1323214717
  36. ^ Recording OCLC 1323109441, 44432615, 13539710
  37. ^ Recording OCLC 1323011392, 44424423
  38. ^ Recording OCLC 1323185888, 191954582; ISBN 978-1931180115
  39. ^ Recording OCLC 1323185888, 1323214222, 44430951
  40. ^ Recording OCLC 1323172321, 13571231
  41. ^ Recording OCLC 1323028679, 13571231; The episode includes the poem "Negro Hero", by Gwendolyn Brooks
  42. ^ Recording OCLC 1323131729, 13552063
  43. ^ Recording OCLC 1323037869, 13571298
  44. ^ Recording OCLC 1323113745
  45. ^ Recording OCLC 1323162018, 13552167
  46. ^ Recording OCLC 1323062084, 13552167
  47. ^ Recording OCLC 1323159810
  48. ^ Recording OCLC 1323099681, 44432611
  49. ^ Recording OCLC 1323101120, 1323026386
  50. ^ Recording OCLC 1323099681
  51. ^ Recording OCLC 1323112298, 13571462
  52. ^ Recording OCLC 1323156434, 13552079
  53. ^ Recording OCLC 1323056044, 26452916
  54. ^ Recording OCLC 1323024451, 26452929
  55. ^ Recording OCLC 1323169789, 13571462
  56. ^ Recording OCLC 1323169789, 44432615
  57. ^ Recording OCLC 1323103638
  58. ^ Recording OCLC 1323030252
  59. ^ Recording OCLC 1323062084, 45756791
  60. ^ Recording OCLC 26452908
  61. ^ Recording OCLC 1323006041
  62. ^ Recording OCLC 1323050232, 26452926, 430047751; ISBN 978-1931180122
  63. ^ Recording OCLC 1323116238
  64. ^ Recording OCLC 1323205525, 26452932
  65. ^ "Norfolk Miracle : the Story of Dorothy Maynor" OCLC 21243158, 61323184241, 26452923; ISBN 978-1931180221
  66. ^ Audiotape – The legend of Stackalee – OCLC 1323028307, 44432637
  67. ^ Recording OCLC 1323193577, 13552079
  68. ^ Recording OCLC 1323055804, 13571274, 26452918
  69. ^ Recording OCLC 1323144868, 13571274
  70. ^ Recording OCLC 1323132659
  71. ^ Recording OCLC 1323030135, 226381132; ISBN 978-1931180306, 978-1931180177
  72. ^ Segregation in Washington a report. National Committee on Segregation in the Nation's Capital. November 1948. LCCN 49002184. OCLC 735403.
  73. ^ Episode: "Segregation Incorporated"
  74. ^ Recording OCLC 1323103372
  75. ^ Recording OCLC 1323189154
  76. ^ Recording OCLC 1323184049, 180701832, 13571468; ISBN 978-1931180146
  77. ^ Recording OCLC 1323141961, 13571361
  78. ^ Destination Freedom – Execution Awaited (Part II in a series on prejudice), via YouTube
  80. ^ Recording OCLC 1323134434
  81. ^ Recording – includes an interview with Adam Clayton Powell III OCLC 176310275; ISBN 978-1931180283
  82. ^ Recording OCLC 102332027; ISBN 978-1931180276
  83. ^ Recording OCLC 223443338, 1323199701; ISBN 978-1931180207
  84. ^ Recording OCLC 1323024018
  85. ^ Recording OCLC 1323123490, 13571361
  86. ^ Recording OCLC 1323057778, 13552045
  87. ^ Recording OCLC 13552045
  88. ^ Recording OCLC 176313684; ISBN 978-1931180320; rebroadcast in March 2003 by KGNU; cast included Donnie L. Betts as Bill Robinson; with Jeff Campbell, Laurence Curry, Matthew Dente, Jacob Mora, Ruthay, Kurt Soderstrom, and John Williams; theme singer, Claire Frances Peterson
  89. ^ Recording OCLC 1323068494, 13552192, 26452903
  90. ^ Recording OCLC 1323061080
  91. ^ Recording OCLC 1323183278, 26452905, 99995878; ISBN 978-1931180313
  92. ^ Recording OCLC 1323101003
  93. ^ Recording OCLC 1323048118
  94. ^ Recording OCLC 1323188137
  95. ^ Jones, Reinettn F. (April 22, 2021). "Chicago Police Officers from Kentucky, 1900–1930s". NKAA, Notable Kentucky African Americans Database. University of Kentucky. Retrieved December 19, 2022. Kinzie Blueitt, 1900–1971
  96. ^ Episode: "The Fifth District Crime Fighter"
  97. ^ Recording OCLC 1323188137, 13528620
  98. ^ Recording OCLC 1323032495, 13528620, 83590829; ISBN 978-1931180085
  99. ^ Recording OCLC 1323009843
  100. ^ Recording OCLC 1323211758
  101. ^ Broemmel, Mike. "A Look at Richard Durham: The Man Who Created Destination Freedom". Mike Broemmel.
  102. ^ Recording OCLC 1323018591
  103. ^ Recording OCLC 1323187866, 102326573; ISBN 978-1931180214
  104. ^ Westbrooks was also a founder of the Cook County Bar Association: See WorldCat cassette data – OCLC 1323063546
  105. ^ Recording OCLC 1323074703
  106. ^ Recording OCLC 1323026912, 430047751; ISBN 978-1931180122
  107. ^ Recording OCLC 1323095433
  108. ^ Authors include Donnie L. Betts, T. J. Betts, Matthew Dente, Daniel Jensen, Ruthay, Julie Swartout, Arthur C. Jones, Spirituals Project Choir (Denver). Recording OCLC 262779717; ISBN 978-1931180269
  109. ^ Episode: Patriotic Format"
  110. ^ Bill Hodak (July 4, 2011). "Patriotic Format". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?.
  111. ^ "United Nations". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. November 5, 2018.
  112. ^ Episode: "United Nations"
  113. ^ "Golden Circle, The". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. September 17, 2018.
  114. ^ "John, Alma, Johnny and Myra". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. December 31, 2018.
  115. ^ "Nathan Hale Story". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. November 12, 2018.
  116. ^ "Forced Confession". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. August 27, 2018.
  117. ^ "Benjamin Drake Story". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. October 19, 2014.
  118. ^ Episode: "Benjamin Drake Story"
  119. ^ "Dick Draper Story". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. September 3, 2018.
  120. ^ Episode: "Dick Draper Story"
  121. ^ "Thomas Wright, American Citizen". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. October 15, 2018.
  122. ^ "Citizen Whitney". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. October 29, 2018.
  123. ^ "Jones Family, The". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. December 17, 2018.
  124. ^ Episode: "The Jones Family"
  125. ^ "Fred Custer Story The". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. November 19, 2018.
  126. ^ Episode: "Fred Custer Story"
  127. ^ "Reverend Brown's Half Acre". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. October 1, 2018.
  128. ^ Episode: "Reverend Browns Half Acre"
  129. ^ "Anna's Story". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. November 14, 2015.
  130. ^ Episode: "Anna's Story"
  131. ^ "Russell Thomas Story". RUSC – R U Sitting Comfortably?. June 4, 2018.

Further reading

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Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.

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Wikipedia

Destination Freedom

Destination Freedom was a series of weekly radio programs that was produced by WMAQ in Chicago. The first set ran from 1948 to 1950 and it presented the biographical histories of prominent African Americans such as George Washington Carver, Satchel Paige, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, and Lena Horne. The scripts for those shows were written by Richard Durham. Studs Terkel voiced some of the radio characters. Hugh Downs also served as an announcer in both the initial and 1950 series.

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Wikipedia

CBS Radio Workshop

The CBS Radio Workshop was an experimental dramatic radio anthology series that aired on CBS from January 27, 1956, until September 22, 1957. Subtitled “radio’s distinguished series to man’s imagination,” it was a revival of the earlier Columbia Experimental Laboratory (1931), Columbia Experimental Dramatic Laboratory (1932) and Columbia Workshop broadcasts by CBS from 1936 to 1943. The CBS Radio Workshop was one of American network radio's last attempts to hold on to, and perhaps recapture, some of the demographics they had lost to television in the post-World War II era. The premiere broadcast was a two-part adaptation of Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, introduced and narrated by Huxley. It took a unique approach to sound effects, as described in a Time (February 6, 1956) review that week: It took three radio sound men, a control-room engineer and five hours of hard work to create the sound that was heard for less than 30 seconds on the air. The sound consisted of a ticking metronome, tom-tom beats, bubbling water, air hose, cow moo, boing! (two types), oscillator, dripping water (two types) and three kinds of wine glasses clicking against each other. Judiciously blended and recorded on tape, the effect was still not quite right. Then the tape was played backward with a little echo added. That did it. The sound depicted the manufacturing of babies in the radio version of Aldous Huxley's Brave New World.Time, February 6, 1956 Music for the series was composed by Bernard Herrmann, Jerry Goldsmith, Amerigo Moreno, Ray Noble and Leith Stevens. Writers whose work was adapted for the series included John Cheever, Robert A. Heinlein, Sinclair Lewis, H. L. Mencken, Edgar Allan Poe, Christopher Isherwood, Frederik Pohl, James Thurber, Mark Twain and Thomas Wolfe. Two episodes, "Sweet Cherries in Charleston" and "Heart of the Man," were remakes of scripts by Richard Durham for the anthology series Destination Freedom (1948–1950). William N. Robson, who had directed on Columbia Workshop, worked on CBS Radio Workshop as well, and the Archibald MacLeish radio play "Air Raid" (which premiered on Columbia Workshop) was remade.

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Chicago Star

The Chicago Star was a weekly publication, founded in 1946 and financed by trade unions. The board of directors were Ernest De Maio, Frank Marshall Davis, William L. Patterson, Grant Oakes, and William Sennett. Davis was the executive editor, Sennett the general manager, and Carl Hirsch managing editor. Howard Fast was a columnist, and Rockwell Kent a contributing editor. In an introduction to a book about Davis, John Edgar Tidwell indicated that the first issue was launched on July 4th to "[wrap] itself in the holiday's symbolic meaning." The paper carried Davis's weekly editorial "Frank-ly Speaking". The newspaper has been described as "openly leftist". In 1947, the Spokane Daily Chronicle called the paper "a red weekly" saying that it "has most of the markings of a Communist front publication." The Chicago Star had a goal to "promote a policy of cooperation and unity between Russia and the United States" seeking to "[avoid] the red-baiting tendencies of the mainstream press." One of its writers was Richard Durham, who would later produce the notable radio series Destination Freedom.

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Wikipedia

Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass (born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, c. February 14, 1818 – February 20, 1895) was an American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman. He was "the most important leader of the movement for African-American civil rights in the 19th century". After escaping from slavery in Maryland in 1838, Douglass became a national leader of the abolitionist movement in Massachusetts and New York and gained fame for his oratory and incisive antislavery writings. Accordingly, he was described by abolitionists in his time as a living counterexample to claims by supporters of slavery that enslaved people lacked the intellectual capacity to function as independent American citizens. Northerners at the time found it hard to believe that such a great orator had once been enslaved. It was in response to this disbelief that Douglass wrote his first autobiography. Douglass wrote three autobiographies, describing his experiences as an enslaved person first in his Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave (1845), which became a bestseller and was influential in promoting the cause of abolition, as was his second book, My Bondage and My Freedom (1855). Following the Civil War, Douglass was an active campaigner for the rights of freed slaves and wrote his last autobiography, Life and Times of Frederick Douglass. First published in 1881 and revised in 1892, three years before his death, the book covers his life up to those dates. Douglass also actively supported women's suffrage, and he held several public offices. In 1872, without his knowledge or consent, Douglass became the first African American nominated for vice president of the United States, as the running mate of Victoria Woodhull on the Equal Rights Party ticket. Douglass believed in making alliances across racial and ideological divides, as well as in the anti-slavery interpretation of the U.S. Constitution, after he had broken with William Lloyd Garrison. When radical abolitionists, under the motto "No Union with Slaveholders", criticized Douglass's willingness to engage in dialogue with slave owners, he replied: "I would unite with anybody to do right and with nobody to do wrong."

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Who became the first Black woman to travel into space?

Mae Jemison, aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1992.