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GREENWOOD / BLACK WALL STREET WILMINGTON 1898 LITTLE ROCK NINE TUSKEGEE STUDY ROSEWOOD 1923 THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN SENECA VILLAGE BLACK TOWNS GREENWOOD / BLACK WALL STREET WILMINGTON 1898 LITTLE ROCK NINE TUSKEGEE STUDY ROSEWOOD 1923 THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN SENECA VILLAGE BLACK TOWNS
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MY'STORY

The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
The Truths They Never Taught You...

Wilmington 1898 — An American Coup

Wilmington, North Carolina once had a thriving Black middle class and an elected interracial government. In 1898 white supremacists used violence to overthrow that government, kill Black residents and drive many others from the city.

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BHP gathered finds from its connected research sources. Showing the 4 strongest Black History matches.
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NMAAHC

Copy of the ruling in "Patricia Banks vs. Capital Airlines"

Date
February 29, 1960
Published by
State of New York, American, founded 1788
Subject of
Patricia Banks Edmiston, American, born 1937
Capital Airlines, American, 1936 - 1961
Caption
Patricia Banks, a native New Yorker, fought discrimination by filing a lawsuit against Capital Airlines through the New York State Commission Against Discrimination. A graduate of the Grace Downs Air Career School, Banks applied to several airlines companies for a stewardess position, but was repeatedly denied employment. In 1957 she filed a suit against Capital Airlines (which later merged in 1961 with United Airlines), and in 1960 the Commission ruled in her favor and ordered the company to hire her. Banks completed the Capital Airlines stewardess training program that year and became the first African American to work as a flight attendant on a commercial carrier. She resigned a year later in order to pursue her education.
Description
A paper copy of the ruling filed by the New York State Commission Against Discrimination in "Patricia Banks vs. Capital Airlines", dated February 29, 1960.
The document consists of four photocopied pages, black ink on white paper, stapled in the upper left corner. The original document had been typewritten with handwritten dates and signatures. The first two pages (a-b) outline Banks's suit, filed for her by the New York State Commission Against Discrimination. The last two pages, 26 and 27 (c-d) outline the courts "Order".
Place depicted
New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
Topic
African American
Aeronautics
Business
Civil Rights
Labor
Law
Race discrimination
Transportation
Travel
U.S. History, 1953-1961
Women
See more items in
National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Classification
Documents and Manuscripts
Credit Line
Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Casey Grant in honor of Patricia Banks Edmiston, Patricia Grace Murphy and Eugene Harmond
Data Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Object number
2018.50.23a-d
Type
legal files
Restrictions & Rights
No known copyright restrictions
Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.
Medium
ink on paper (fiber product) with metal
Dimensions
H x W (each page): 14 × 8 9/16 in. (35.5 × 21.7 cm)
Title
Object Name • Copy of the ruling in "Patricia Banks vs. Capital Airlines"
Record ID
nmaahc_2018.50.23a-d
Museum
NMAAHC
Title Sort
COPY OF THE RULING IN "PATRICIA BANKS VS. CAPITAL AIRLINES"
Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Metadata Usage
CC0
Date
1960s
Name
Capital Airlines • State of New York • Edmiston, Patricia Banks
Place
New York City • United States • North and Central America
Topic
Description and travel • Women • Law • Discrimination • Labor unions • Transportation • Aeronautics • Race • Civil rights • U.S. History, 1953-1961 • Business
Culture
African Americans
Geo Location
City • New York City • State • New York • Country • United States • Continent • North and Central America
Type
Legal documents
Online Media Type
Images
Online Media Rights
No Known Copyright Restrictions

Media

Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture, Smithsonian Institution. Rights and restrictions shown above are supplied by the Smithsonian record.

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NMAAHC

A Southerner Looks at Negro Discrimination

Date: Date

Description

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NMAAHC

Blue leather baseball cap for the Black Stuntmen's Association

Date: Date

Description

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NMAAHC

Copy of the ruling in "Patricia Banks vs. Capital Airlines"

Date: Date

Caption

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NMAAHC

Does Not Discriminate

Date: Date

Caption

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Who was the first African-American woman millionaire in the United States?

Madam C.J. Walker