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This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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Wikipedia

DxO Labs

DxO Labs SAS
TypePrivate
IndustrySoftware
PredecessorDO Labs
FoundedJanuary 14, 2003; 23 years ago (2003-01-14) in Paris, France
Founder
Headquarters
Paris
,
France
Area served
Worldwide
Products
Number of employees
89 (2021)
Websitewww.dxo.com/en Edit this at Wikidata

DxO Labs (formerly DO Labs) is a privately owned photography software company. It was founded in 2003 by Jérôme Ménière,[1] former CEO of Vision-IQ.[2] The company's headquarters are in Paris, France.

History

[edit]

Originally organized as a business unit of Vision IQ, a French software company founded in 1995 that specialized in computer vision, DO Labs was spun off to become an independent company after raising 7.3 million Euros of financing in venture capital.[3]

When DO Labs released DxO Optics Pro in 2004, which became DxO PhotoLab in 2017,[4] it was the first product on the market to offer a way to correct photographic issues caused by camera-body electronics and lens optics without human intervention.[5] These automated corrections, based on mathematical models of the physical characteristics of camera bodies and lenses as well as on the metadata (Exif) captured with each image, meant no human variables were involved.[6]

In 2005, following the OpenRAW[7] campaign to simplify the interoperability of capture formats, RAW file support was introduced into DxO's products and subsequent releases featured additional automatic image enhancement technologies developed specifically for RAW files.

In 2006 Carl Zeiss Sports Optics partnered with DxO Labs on the Eyepiece DC 4 digital camera, which uses DxO's Image Signal Processing (ISP) technology.[8]

Between 2006 and 2016, DxO Optics Pro won three EISA[9] and two TIPA industry awards.

In 2007 DxO began producing Embedded Imaging devices for camera phones.[10] However, by 2016 the product line had been divested, with most of the development team leaving for camera maker GoPro.[11]

In 2008 DxO Labs created DxOMark.com, to publish image quality ratings for standalone cameras, lenses, and mobile devices that include cameras.[12]

In 2010 version 5 of Adobe's Creative Suite signalled direct competition with DxO products by shipping with its own lens profiles for the first time.[13] In 2013 Capture One[14] also started offering automatic correction tools similar to those developed by DxO.

In 2017 DxOMark became an independent company, DxOMark Image Labs.[15][16] On October 25, 2017, DxO announced the acquisition of the Nik Collection assets from Google.[17]

In early 2018 the company entered bankruptcy[18] and shut down the part of the business that had been producing the DxO ONE. Since 2018 DxO has focussed wholly on developing software and has subsequently won six TIPA awards,[19] including Best imaging software for professionals in 2023.

In 2020 Nik Collection won the EISA award for Best Photo Editing Software.[9]

Products

[edit]

DxO Labs currently markets the following image processing software packages.

  • DxO PhotoLab: First released as DxO Optics Pro in 2004,[20] DxO PhotoLab is digital image editing software package designed for photographers who shoot RAW.[21] It offers automatic corrections for optical aberrations and image distortions for popular camera-lens combinations,[22] as well as a range of other tools.
    Ilford FP4 Plus 125 emulation using DXO Filmpack 5 Elite
  • DxO PureRAW: Launched in 2021[23] DxO PureRAW is essentially the RAW conversion engine developed for Optics Pro and PhotoLab. It is designed to remove noise, chromatic aberrations, vignetting, distortion, and lens softness to improve the overall quality of a single image or batch of photographs prior to editing in another program.[24]
  • DxO ViewPoint allows the user to correct anamorphosis, perspective, deformities, and lens distortions, especially those caused by shooting with wide-angle lenses.[25]
  • DxO FilmPack emulates the appearance of various conventional films digitally.[26][27][28] Endorsed by photographer Sebastião Salgado in 2013.[29] By digitizing film stocks DxO offers looks that match those of bygone positive and negative chemical processes. Modern revival films and specific digital looks are also offered.[30]
  • Nik Collection is a collection of 8 plugins and applications compatible with Adobe Lightroom and Adobe Photoshop.[31] DxO acquired Nik Collection from Google on October 25, 2017,[17] who in turn had acquired it from Nik Software in 2012. Nik Collection was first released as a DxO product in 2018.[32]

Discontinued Products

[edit]
  • DxO Analyzer was a suite of software tools[33] and equipment to test sensors, lenses, and standalone cameras, as well as mobile devices with cameras.[34][35] Originally introduced by DxO Labs, DxO Analyzer is now a product of DxOMark Image Labs.[36]
  • Embedded imaging: in 2006 DxO raised 10.6m Euros to fund the development of Embedded Imaging devices for camera phones.[37] The resulting range of devices was released in 2007.[10] However, production had ceased by 2016.
  • The DxO ONE was a phone-connected-camera.[38] It was a small 20-megapixel, 1-inch-sensor, f/1.8 camera which plugs into a Lightning connector of an iPhone or iPad and uses the display to frame and shoot an image. The camera was discontinued in 2018.[18]
  • DxO Optics Pro was the first consumer product launched under the DxO banner by the then DO Labs in 2004. After 11 major releases it was superseded by DxO PhotoLab in 2017, the first DxO product to ship with the U Point technology that had been acquired from the purchase of Nik Collection from Google. However, users henceforth would have to buy both DxO FilmPack and DxO ViewPoint in order to keep the film renderings and perspective corrections that were integral to Optics Pro.[39]

Main technologies

[edit]
DxO Wide Gamut
DxO Wide Gamut

DxO has developed a number of original technologies to underpin the features of current and past products, such as:[40]

  • Optics Modules - camera body and lens correction modules:[41] originally called "Lens Correction Modules".[42][43]
  • DeepPRIME - a denoising and demosaicing engine trained by AI:[44] in 2024, PureRAW 4 was accompanied by the latest generation of the DeepPRIME engine, known as XD2.[45]
  • Smartlighting - a mechanism to use the full dynamic range of the image: resolves most overexposures, lifts shadows while preserving bright areas, and recovers details in clipped areas.[46]
  • ClearView - a dehazing tool:[47] intensifies the contrast to remove atmospheric veil and blur.
  • U Point - Selection Technology: Acquired when DxO purchased the Nik Collection from Google. The basic idea is that you (U), the photographer, 'point at' what to adjust in the photo.[48] Selections are based on the attributes of each pixel,[49] such as hue, saturation, brightness, and contrast.[50] So, masks are created using control points or control lines.[51]
  • Wide Gamut – a larger color space for photo editing: the native color of the sensor is converted to a working color to deliver an image that retains the luminance details of the sensor.[52]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "DXO LABS". Infogreffe. Registry at the Commercial Court of NANTERRE. 17 March 2003. Retrieved 14 March 2023. Registered office 3 RUE NATIONALE, 92100 BOULOGNE-BILLANCOURT
  2. ^ Borzo, Jeanette (2001-11-26). "Business Innovation Awards (A Special Report): Silver --- Poseidon Technologies Makes a Big Splash With Swimming Pool Monitoring System --- Computer System Saves Life of Drowning Teen --- In Big Pools, Lifeguards Can't Do It All". Wall Street Journal (Europe ed.). Brussels. p. 26. ISSN 0921-9986.
  3. ^ "About DO Labs". DO Labs. 12 June 2004. Archived from the original on 12 June 2004. Retrieved 23 November 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  4. ^ Lebracherie, Renaud (25 October 2017). "DxO OpticsPro devient PhotoLab et gère (enfin) la retouche locale" (in French). Retrieved 12 April 2023.
  5. ^ Rockwell, Ken (December 2009). "DxO Optics Pro software". Ken Rockwell. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
  6. ^ Havlik, Dan (April 2013). "PRODUCT REVIEWS". Photo District News. 33 (4): 92–97. this program fine tunes each individual RAW image to a precise set of algorithms to produce photos that look fantastic even before they're edited.
  7. ^ "Press Release #1". OpenRAW. 25 April 2005. Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
  8. ^ "Zeiss / DxO in Digi Deal". Digital Imaging Reporter. 27 September 2006. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
  9. ^ a b "History". Expert Imaging and Sound Awards. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  10. ^ a b "DxO Labs Rolls Out DxO IPE". Wireless News. 26 December 2007. ProQuest 210128228. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  11. ^ Dumoulin, Sébastien (11 July 2016). "GoPro renforce ses équipes de R&D en France". Les Echos (in French). Retrieved 26 March 2023. Depuis 18 mois, GoPro a racheté deux start-up françaises, Stupeflix et Kolor, et recruté une trentaine de personnes chez une autre jeune pousse spécialisée dans le traitement photo, DXO.
  12. ^ "What is DxOMark?". Archived from the original on 2016-08-25. Retrieved 2016-08-23.
  13. ^ Drury, Fred (July 2010). "Drury's Digital Diary". PSA Journal. 76 (7). In CS5, Adobe has taken a step towards the type of profile driven correction, which is characteristic of the DXO product. DXO offers specific camera body/lens combination profiles, which can be used to correct optical limitations.
  14. ^ "Release notes". Capture One Pro. Archived from the original on 2022-12-06. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
  15. ^ "DxOMark Conditions of Use - DxOMark". DxOMark. Retrieved 2017-10-26.
  16. ^ Hillen, Brittany (8 January 2018). "DxOMark splits from DxO Labs, is now an independent privately-owned company". DPReview. Retrieved 2018-03-07.
  17. ^ a b "DxO acquires Nik Collection assets from Google". DxO Labs. 25 October 2017.
  18. ^ a b Grigonis, Hillary (6 June 2018). "R.I.P., DxO One: The iPhone add-on camera won't survive DxO's bankruptcy". Digital Trends. Retrieved 10 February 2023.
  19. ^ "TIPA World Awards Archive". Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  20. ^ Rockwell, Ken (December 2009). "DxO Optics Pro Software". Ken Rockwell. Retrieved June 18, 2013.
  21. ^ Story, Derrick (2018). The Apple Photos Book for Photographers: Building Your Digital Darkroom with Photos and Its Powerful Editing Extensions. Rocky Nook, Inc.
  22. ^ Grossman, Debbie "Review: DxO Optics Pro: Optical Illusion: Do you really need a pricey DSLR lens? This $127 software says you don't." pp 66-67. Popular Photography & Imaging, Volume 68 Number 9; September 2004. ISSN 1542-0337.
  23. ^ "DxO PureRAW". iCreate. No. 224. May 2021. p. 96.
  24. ^ Martin, Mel (April 14, 2021). "DxO PureRAW Just Might Be the Best Way to Start Your Editing". Fstoppers. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
  25. ^ Muchmore, Michael (10 November 2022). "DxO ViewPoint". PCMAG. Retrieved 2015-11-08.
  26. ^ "DxO FilmPack 6: Accurately Rendering the Soul of Analog Photography: This latest version introduces new films, cinematographic renderings, and Fujifilm in addition to support for X-Trans RAW files (Beta). It features a wide array of new effects as well as Time Machine, a unique and interactive introduction to the history of film photography". PR Newswire. New York. 20 October 2021.
  27. ^ Debbie Grossman; Jonathan Barkey (December 16, 2008). "Editor's Choice 2007: Imaging Software". Popular Photography. Archived from the original on July 5, 2008. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
  28. ^ Ashbrook, Brad (March 2014). "FilmPack4". PSA Journal. 80 (3): 6.
  29. ^ Kevin Purcell (September 21, 2013). "DxO Film Pack for Free, and Salgado's Method". The Online Photographer. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  30. ^ Cairns, George (10 October 2023). "DxO FilmPack 7 review". Digital Camera World. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
  31. ^ Nikitas, Theano (12 June 2020). "New: DxO Nik Collection 3, Profoto Lighting Tools & More". Rangefinder.
  32. ^ "With the Nik Collection 2018 by DxO and DxO PhotoLab 1.2, DxO continues to develop innovative solutions for photographers and creative professionals" (PDF). DxO Labs. 6 June 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 June 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
  33. ^ Arva-Toth, Zoltan (19 October 2012). "DxO Analyzer 5". PhotographyBLOG. Retrieved 2015-11-11.
  34. ^ Westlake, Andrew (30 October 2012). "Lens Reviews Explained". dpreview.com. Retrieved 2015-11-08.
  35. ^ Ryan, Philip (2 Feb 2013). "Popular Photography: How We Test". Popular Photography. Retrieved 2015-11-08.
  36. ^ Hillen, Brittany. "DxOMark splits from DxO Labs, is now an independent privately-owned company". DPReview. Retrieved 2018-03-09.
  37. ^ N'Kaoua, Laurance (1 March 2006). "Il met les maths au service de l'image; Ingénieur, banquier puis créateur d'entreprises, Jérôme Ménière a fondé Vision IQ et DxO Labs" (in French). Les Echos. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  38. ^ Lori Grunin (18 June 2015). "DxO One adds a new twist to the iPhone-connected camera". CNET. Retrieved 2 August 2015.
  39. ^ Arva-Toth, Zoltan (25 October 2017). "DxO Optics Pro Renamed DxO PhotoLab". Photography Blog. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
  40. ^ Andy Hutchinson (November 12, 2023). DxO Photolab 7 Elite edition - InDepth Review - The Best RAW Editor of them All? (Youtube).
  41. ^ Drury, Fred (July 2010). "Drury's digital diary". PSA Journal. 76 (7). In CS5, Adobe has taken a step towards the type of profile driven correction, which is characteristic of the DXO product. DXO offers specific camera body/lens combination profiles, which can be used to correct optical limitations.
  42. ^ Russell, Hank (January 2005). "Through the looking glass". Advanced Imaging: 37–39.
  43. ^ "DxO Optics Modules: Upgraded with new Leica, Pentax and Sigma cameras". Digital Camera Magazine: 89. May 2023. ISSN 1477-1721.
  44. ^ Royer, Louiss (March 16, 2023). "DxO PureRaw 3: the benefits and limits of DeepPrime XD at very high ISO". Les Numériques (in French). Retrieved January 15, 2024.
  45. ^ Melodie (March 16, 2023). "DxO PureRAW 4 & DeepPRIME XD2". Studio Sport (in French). Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  46. ^ Pelé, Pascal (February 4, 2021). "DxO Smart Lighting". TuTo DxO. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  47. ^ Pelé, Pascal (February 4, 2021). "DxO ClearView". TuTo DxO. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  48. ^ Corbell, Tony; Haftel, Joshua (2012). Nik software captured: the complete guide to using Nik software's photographic tools. Wiley. ISBN 978-1-118-02222-1.
  49. ^ Batdorff, John (2013). Plug in with Nik software: a photographer's guide to creating dynamic images with Nik software. Peachpit Press. ISBN 978-0-321-83977-0.
  50. ^ Long, Ben (2009). Nikon Capture NX 2. Peachpit Press. ISBN 978-0-321-55359-1.
  51. ^ Havlik, Dan (September 2011). "Nik Snapseed for iPad". Photo District News. 31 (9): 90–92.
  52. ^ Wright, Chris (February 21, 2023). "DxO Wide Gamut Color Space". Chris Wright Photography. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
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Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Which Supreme Court case ruled state-sponsored public-school segregation unconstitutional?

Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.