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Mansa Musa was the ruler of the Mali Empire in West Africa. Details recorded here should be sourced; unknown information is left blank.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
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In modern usage, "enthusiasm" refers to intense enjoyment, interest, or approval expressed by a person. The term is allegedly related to playfulness, inventiveness, optimism, zest, verve, and high energy.[1][need quotation to verify] People can often characterise the modern version of enthusiasm as "infectious" or "contagious",[2] and sometimes even more metaphorically as a virus in its own right.[3]
The word once applied, in accordance with its etymology,[4] to persons possessed or inspired by a god, or to people who exhibited intense piety.
The word enthusiasm originates from the Greek ἐνθουσιασμός from ἐν (en, 'in') and θεός (theós, 'god'), meaning 'inspired or possessed by [a] god'. Applied by the Greeks to manifestations of divine possession, by Apollo (as in the case of the Pythia), or by Dionysus (as in the case of the Bacchantes and Maenads), the term enthusiasm was also used in a transferred or figurative sense. Socrates taught that the inspiration of poets is a form of enthusiasm.[6] The term was confined to a belief in religious inspiration, or to intense religious fervor or emotion.
From this, a Syrian sect of the fourth century was known as the Enthusiasts. They believed that "by perpetual prayer, ascetic practices, and contemplation, man could become inspired by the Holy Spirit, in spite of the ruling evil spirit, which the fall had given to him". From their belief in the efficacy of prayer, they were also known as Euchites.[7]
Several Protestant Christian denominations that emerged in the 16th and 17th centuries, especially those who hold revivals, were called enthusiastic.[7]
During the years that immediately followed the Glorious Revolution, "enthusiasm" was a British pejorative term for advocacy of any political or religious cause in public, i.e. fanaticism. Such "enthusiasm" was seen in the time around 1700 as the cause of the previous century's English Civil War and its attendant atrocities, and thus it was an absolute social sin to remind others of the war by engaging in enthusiasm. The Royal Society bylaws stipulated that any person discussing religion or politics at a Society meeting was to be summarily ejected for being an "enthusiast."[8]
During the 18th century, popular Methodists such as John Wesley or George Whitefield were accused of blind enthusiasm, a charge against which they defended themselves by distinguishing fanaticism from "religion of the heart." Methodists who enthusiastically preach about and experience the new birth (first work of grace) and entire sanctification (second work of grace) often have emotional experiences.[5][7]
Enthusiasm is a virtuous virus; you can't spread it unless you've got it. You can infect people with your enthusiasm [...].
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Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
In modern usage, "enthusiasm" refers to intense enjoyment, interest, or approval expressed by a person. The term is allegedly related to playfulness, inventiveness, optimism, zest, verve, and high energy. People can often characterise the modern version of enthusiasm as "infectious" or "contagious", and sometimes even more metaphorically as a virus in its own right. The word once applied, in accordance with its etymology, to persons possessed or inspired by a god, or to people who exhibited intense piety.
Curb Your Enthusiasm, also known colloquially as Curb, is an American comedy television series created by Larry David that premiered on HBO with an hour-long special on October 17, 1999, followed by 12 seasons broadcast from 2000 to 2024. David stars as a fictionalized version of himself and the show follows his life as a semi-retired television writer and producer in Los Angeles and, for one season each, New York City and Atlanta. Also starring are Cheryl Hines as his wife Cheryl, Jeff Garlin as his manager and best friend Jeff Greene, Susie Essman as Jeff's wife Susie, and J. B. Smoove as Larry's housemate Leon Black. It often features celebrity guest stars, many of them playing fictionalized versions of themselves, including Ted Danson, Richard Lewis, Wanda Sykes, Rosie O'Donnell, and Jon Hamm. The sitcom was developed from a 1999 one-hour special, Larry David: Curb Your Enthusiasm, which David and HBO originally envisioned as a one-time project. It was shot as a mockumentary, in which the characters were aware of the presence of cameras and a crew. The series, while not in documentary form, was shot in a somewhat similar cinéma vérité-like style. As with Seinfeld, which David co-created, the humor of Curb Your Enthusiasm often revolves around the minutiae of everyday social life. Each episode's plot and subplot is established in an outline written by David, and the actors largely improvise the dialogue, a technique known as retroscripting. Curb Your Enthusiasm received high critical acclaim and has grown in popularity since its debut. Many publications have called it one of the greatest comedy series of the 21st century and of all time. It was nominated for 55 Primetime Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Comedy Series for 11 of its 12 seasons. It won the 2002 Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy. It aired for eight mostly consecutive seasons until 2011, and resumed with a ninth season in 2017. The tenth season aired in 2020 and the eleventh in 2021. The series was renewed for a twelfth and final season that premiered on February 4, 2024, and the series finale aired on April 7, 2024.
Enthusiasm: The Symphony of Donbas (Ukrainian: Ентузіязм: Симфонія Донбасу, romanized: Enthusiasm: Symphony of Donbasscode: ukr promoted to code: uk , or Entuziiazm: Symfoniia Donbasu) is a 1931 sound film directed by Soviet filmmaker Dziga Vertov. The film was the director's first sound film and also the first of the Soviet production company Ukrainfilm. The film's score is considered experimental and avant-garde because of its incorporation of factory, industrial, and other machine sounds; human speech plays only a small role in the film's sounds. Vertov himself described Enthusiasm as "the lead icebreaker in the column of sound newsreels." He considered the film's "complex interaction of sound with image" to be the work's most significant achievement. The director viewed the film as an extended experiment in which the juxtaposition and misalignment of sound were completely intentional. The film is also notable for the fact that it is a documentary filmed on location. Like many of his other films, Vertov worked on Enthusiasm with his wife Elizaveta Svilova.
The American television sitcom Curb Your Enthusiasm premiered with an hour-long special on HBO on October 17, 1999. It was followed by a ten-episode first season that began airing on October 15, 2000. The series was created by Larry David, who stars as a fictionalized version of himself. The series follows Larry in his life as a well-off, semi-retired television writer and producer in Los Angeles. Also starring are Cheryl Hines as his wife, Cheryl; Jeff Garlin as his best friend and manager, Jeff; Susie Essman as Jeff's wife, Susie; and J. B. Smoove as Larry's housemate, Leon. Curb Your Enthusiasm features many celebrity guest star appearances, fictionalized to varying degrees. In August 2022, the series was renewed for a twelfth and final season, that premiered on February 4, 2024. During the course of the series, 120 episodes of Curb Your Enthusiasm aired, concluding on April 7, 2024.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
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