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GREENWOOD / BLACK WALL STREET WILMINGTON 1898 LITTLE ROCK NINE TUSKEGEE STUDY ROSEWOOD 1923 THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN SENECA VILLAGE BLACK TOWNS GREENWOOD / BLACK WALL STREET WILMINGTON 1898 LITTLE ROCK NINE TUSKEGEE STUDY ROSEWOOD 1923 THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN SENECA VILLAGE BLACK TOWNS
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THE JOURNEY THROUGH TIME
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MY'STORY

The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
The Truths They Never Taught You...

Ruler of the Mali Empire in the 14th century

Mansa Musa was the ruler of the Mali Empire in West Africa. Details recorded here should be sourced; unknown information is left blank.

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BHP gathered finds from its connected research sources. Showing the 4 strongest Black History matches.
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NMAAHC

Horse saddle used by stuntman Ernest "Ernie" Robinson

Date
ca. 1971
Manufactured by
Unidentified
Used by
Ernest Robinson, American, born 1932
Subject of
Black Stuntmen's Association, founded 1967
Description
A horse saddle used by Ernest Robinson. It has two stirrups toward the front. Each stirrup is covered in leather where the foot rests. Each side has a leather fender covering the belted portion of the stirrup and hobble strap. The saddle horn has a small metal attachment on the inside in the shape of a shield with “11 INCH / SEAT” engraved on it. The cantle has three metal attachments fastened to the inside and outside with rectangular holes in the middle. Metal rings, buckles, fasteners, and other attachments are along the outside and lower portions of the saddle seat. The Seat has oblong holes running down the center from the horn to the cantle. The seat underside is lined with wool. Embossed on the proper left side of the saddle behind the seat is “RVP 4918.” Letters scratched below the embossed lettering appear to read “LEL.” A canteen is attached to the front proper left side of the saddle. The canteen is covered in brown canvas with “U.S.” stenciled on it. The canteen's cap is wood with a leather strap attached at the top. Attached to the proper left side of the saddle is a front cinch made of knotted rope and leather.
Topic
African American
Actors
Associations and institutions
Film
Labor
Men
Professional organizations
Television
See more items in
National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Classification
Tools and Equipment
Exhibition
Taking the Stage
On View
NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Culture/Fourth Floor, 4 054
Credit Line
Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Teresa Robinson Fisher in honor of Ernie Robinson
Data Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Object number
2014.21
Type
saddles
Restrictions & Rights
No Known Copyright Restrictions
Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.
Medium
leather, cloth, wool, thread, metal
Dimensions
H x W x D: 40 1/2 × 26 × 23 1/4 in. (102.9 × 66 × 59.1 cm)
Title
Object Name • Horse saddle used by stuntman Ernest "Ernie" Robinson
Record ID
nmaahc_2014.21
Museum
NMAAHC
Title Sort
HORSE SADDLE USED BY STUNTMAN ERNEST "ERNIE" ROBINSON
Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Metadata Usage
CC0
Date
1960s • 1980s
Name
Robinson, Ernest • Black Stuntmen's Association
Topic
Television • Actors and actresses • Labor unions • Men • Professional organizations • Motion pictures • Associations and institutions
Culture
African Americans
Exhibition
NMAAHC • Taking the Stage
Type
Saddles (seats)
On Physical Exhibit
Yes
Online Media Type
Images
Online Media Rights
No Known Copyright Restrictions

Media

Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture, Smithsonian Institution. Rights and restrictions shown above are supplied by the Smithsonian record.

NMAAHC

Horse saddle used by stuntman Ernest "Ernie" Robinson

Date: Date

Description

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NMAAHC

Ernie Banks, Larry Doby, Matty Brescia, Jackie Robinson, Martin's Stadium, Memphis, TN

Date: Date

Description

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NMAAHC

Deacon Willie Robinson, 101 years old, St. Helena Island, SC

Date: Date

Description

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NMAAHC

Untitled (Naturally '68 photo shoot in the Apollo Theater featuring Grandassa models and founding AJASS members Kletus Smith, Frank Adu, Bob Gumbs, Elombe Brath and Ernest Baxter)

Date: Date

Description

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Which heavyweight champion was known as the “Brown Bomber”?

Joe Louis.