Civil Rights
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Innovation, patents, science, technology and world-changing contributions.
Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.
Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
Black towns, communities, institutions and places where history happened.
Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.
In August 1908, a white mob attacked Springfield, Illinois’s Black community, destroying homes and businesses and lynching two Black men. National outrage over the violence helped spur the movement that created the NAACP the following year.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
| JASP | |
|---|---|
JASP landing page and module selection | |
| Stable release | 0.98.1[1] |
| Written in | C++, R, JavaScript, QML |
| Operating system | |
| Platform | x86-64 |
| Available in | 16 languages |
| Type | Statistics |
| License | GNU Affero General Public License |
| Website | jasp-stats |
| Repository | https://github.com/jasp-stats/ |
JASP is a free and open-source program for statistical analysis supported by the University of Amsterdam. It is designed to be easy to use, and familiar to users of SPSS. It offers standard analysis procedures in both their classical and Bayesian form. JASP generally produces APA style results tables and plots to ease publication. It promotes open science via integration with the Open Science Framework and reproducibility by integrating the analysis settings into the results. The development of JASP is financially supported by sponsors, several universities, and research funds.[2][3][4]
In recognition of Bayesian pioneer Sir Harold Jeffreys, JASP stands for Jeffreys’s Amazing Statistics Program.[2]
JASP offers frequentist inference and Bayesian inference on the same statistical models. Frequentist inference uses p-values and confidence intervals to control error rates in the limit of infinite perfect replications. Bayesian inference uses credible intervals and Bayes factors[5][6] to estimate credible parameter values and model evidence given the available data and prior knowledge.
The following analyses are available in JASP in comparison to SPSS:
| JASP 0.95.x | SPSS 31 | JASP 0.95.x | SPSS 31 | |
| Analysis | Classic | Classic | Bayesian | Bayesian |
| Acceptance Sampling: Attribute and Variable Sample Plans | ✓ | X | ||
| ANCOVA, repeated ANOVA, MANOVA and non-parametrics | ✓ | ✓ | (✓) | (✓) |
| Audit: tools for the auditing of organisations e.g. Benfords Law | ✓ | X | ✓ | X |
| BFpack, BFF (Bayesian Factor Functions), Bain (Bayesian informative hypotheses evaluation), | ✓ | X | ||
| BSTS - Bayesian structural time series | ✓ | X | ||
| Circular / Directional Statistics - analysis of directions, often angles | ✓ | X | X | X |
| Cochrane Meta-Analyses including database query from within JASP | ✓ | X | ✓ | X |
| Descriptives including multiple modules for plot building (Rainclouds, Time-Series, Flexplot, dedicated PlotBuilder) | ✓ | (✓) | ||
| Distributions: >40 discrete and continuous ones | ✓ | X | ✓ | X |
| Equivalence T-Tests (TOST): Independent, Paired, One-Sample | ✓ | X | ✓ | X |
| Factor Analysis (PCA, EFA, CFA) including score export to data functionality | ✓ | ✓ / AMOS | X | X |
| Frequencies (Binomial, Multinomial, Contingency, Chi², log-linear regression) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | (✓) |
| JAGS (Bayesian black-box Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampler) | ✓ | (AMOS) | ||
| LearnStats (classic, bayes, simulation, annotated data examples), esci (Estimation Statistics w. Confidence Intervals) | ✓ | X | ✓ | X |
| Machine Learning: Regression, Classification, Cluster, Prediction / Time Series | ✓ | ✓ | X | X |
| Meta-Analysis for Multilevel/Multivariate/SEM (incl. SEM-Based Meta-Analysis, Effect Size Computation, Funnel Plot, PET-PEESE, WAAP-WLS, Prediction- & Selection Models, and much more from R metafor) | ✓ | (✓) | ✓ | X |
| (Generalized or Linear) Mixed Models | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | X |
| Network | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | X |
| Power Analysis / Sample Size Planning | (✓) | (✓) | X | X |
| PROCESS (Hayes models for mediation, moderation etc.) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | X |
| Time Series Analysis: Descriptives, Stationarity, ARIMA, Spectral Analysis, Prophet, Predictive Analytics | X | ✓ | ✓ | X |
| Quality Control (Measurement System Analysis, Control Charts, Capability Analysis, Design of Experiments) | ✓ | (✓) | X | X |
| Regression / Correlation: r, Rho, Tau, linear, logistic, generalized linear (incl. Bernoulli, Binomial, (Inverse) Gaussian, Gamma, Poisson, Multinomial/Ordinal / Firth logistic), export residual functionality | ✓ | ✓ | (✓) | (✓) |
| Reliability (Unidemensional, Intraclass Correlation, Rater Agreement, Bland-Altman Plots, SE of Measurement) | ✓ | ✓ | (✓) | X |
| Structural Equation Modeling inkl. (PLS) Partial Least Squares, Latent Growth & MIMIC | ✓ | AMOS | X | X |
| Summary Statistics | X | X | ✓ | X |
| Survival Analyses ( non-parametric, semi-parametric, parametric) | ✓ | ✓ | X | X |
| T-Tests: Independent, Paired, One-Sample (incl. z, Welch, non-parametrics & robust bayesian) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | (✓) |
| Visual Modeling: Automated Plotting, (Non-)Linear, Mixed, Generalized Linear | ✓ | ✓ | X | X |
JASP features seven common modules that are enabled by default:
JASP also features multiple additional modules that can be activated via the module menu:
One paper compared the results of frequencies, means, correlations and regression from a number of free to use menu driven statistical packages, including JASP, and found all of the packages produced about the same results.[9]
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JASP is a free and open-source program for statistical analysis supported by the University of Amsterdam. It is designed to be easy to use, and familiar to users of SPSS. It offers standard analysis procedures in both their classical and Bayesian form. JASP generally produces APA style results tables and plots to ease publication. It promotes open science via integration with the Open Science Framework and reproducibility by integrating the analysis settings into the results. The development of JASP is financially supported by sponsors, several universities, and research funds.
Perl Data Language (abbreviated PDL) is a set of free software array programming extensions to the Perl programming language. PDL extends the data structures built into Perl, to include large multidimensional arrays, and adds functionality to manipulate those arrays as vector objects. It also provides tools for image processing, machine learning, computer modeling of physical systems, and graphical plotting and presentation. Simple operations are automatically vectorized across complete arrays, and higher-dimensional operations (such as matrix multiplication) are supported.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Mae Jemison, aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1992.