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This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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Ruler of the Mali Empire in the 14th century

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Wikipedia

Inkscape

Inkscape
ReleaseNovember 6, 2003; 22 years ago (2003-11-06)[1]
Stable release
1.4.4[2] Edit this on Wikidata / 6 May 2026; 5 months ago (6 May 2026)
Preview release
1.5[3][4][5] Edit this on Wikidata / 26 March 2024; 2 years ago (26 March 2024)
Written inC++ with gtkmm, Python (extensions)
Operating systemFreeBSD, Linux, macOS, Windows
PlatformIA-32, x86-64
PredecessorSodipodi
Available in90 languages[6]
TypeVector graphics editor
LicenseGPL-2.0-or-later[7]
Websiteinkscape.org
Repository

Inkscape is a free and open-source software vector graphics editor released under a GNU General Public License (GPL) 2.0 or later. It is used for both artistic and technical illustrations such as cartoons, clip art, logos, typography, diagrams, and flowcharts. It uses vector graphics to allow for sharp printouts and renderings at unlimited resolution and is not bound to a fixed number of pixels like raster graphics.

Inkscape uses Scalable Vector Graphics (SVGs) as its main file format. It can import and export various file formats, including Adobe Illustrator (AI), Encapsulated PostScript (EPS), PDF, PostScript (PS) and PNG.[8]

Inkscape can render primitive vector shapes (e.g. rectangles, ellipses, polygons, arcs, spirals, stars and 3D boxes) and text. These objects may be filled with solid colors, patterns, and radial or linear color gradients, and their borders may be stroked, both with adjustable transparency. Embedding and optional tracing of raster graphics is also supported, enabling the editor to create vector graphics from photos and other raster sources. Created shapes can be further manipulated with geometric transformations, such as moving, rotating, scaling, and skewing.

History

[edit]

Inkscape began in 2003 as a code fork of the Sodipodi project.[9] Sodipodi, developed since 1999, was based on Raph Levien's GNOME Illustration Application (Gill).[10]

One of the main priorities of the Inkscape project was interface consistency and usability by following the GNOME Human Interface Guidelines.[9]

Four former Sodipodi developers‍—‍‌Ted Gould, Bryce Harrington, Nathan Hurst, and MenTaLguY‍—‍‌led the fork, citing differences over project objectives, openness to third-party contributions, and technical disagreements. They said that Inkscape would focus development on implementing the complete SVG standard, whereas Sodipodi development emphasized developing a general-purpose vector graphics editor, possibly at the expense of SVG.[11]

Following the fork, Inkscape's developers changed the programming language from C to C++; adopted the GTK toolkit C++ bindings (gtkmm); redesigned its user interface, and added a number of new features.[12] Inkscape fully implemented[13] SVG 1.1 standard in version 0.91. And it continues with implementation of still unfinished SVG 1.2 and SVG 2.0 standard features like Mesh Gradients. It also supports the Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) standard and extends the format with its own features like node-types and live path effects.

Since 2005, Inkscape has participated in the Google Summer of Code program.[14] Up until the end of November 2007, Inkscape's source code repository was hosted by SourceForge. Thereafter it moved to Launchpad.[15] In June 2017, it moved to GitLab.[16]

Features

[edit]

Object creation

[edit]
Inkscape 0.48.2, showing a rectangle (selected with the select tool), an ellipse, a star and two text objects

Inkscape workflow is based on vector objects. Tools allow manipulating primitive vector shapes: simple ones like rectangles, ellipses, and arcs, and more complex ones like 3D boxes with adjustable perspectives, stars, polygons, and spirals. Rendering feature that can create objects like barcodes, calendars, grids, gears, and roulette curves (using the spirograph tool). These objects may be filled with solid colors, patterns, radial or linear color gradients and their borders may be stroked, both with adjustable transparency. All of those can be further edited by transformations, such as moving, rotating, scaling, and skewing, or by editing paths.

Other tools allow creating Bézier curves, freehand drawing of lines (pencil), or calligraphic (brush-like) strokes which support a graphics tablet.[17]

Inkscape can write and edit text with tools available for changing font, spacing, kerning, rotation, flowing along the path or into a shape. Text can be converted to paths for further editing. The program also has layers (and objects) feature that allows organizing objects in a preferred stacking order in the canvas. Objects can be made visible or invisible, and locked or unlocked, via these features.

Symbol libraries enable Inkscape to use existing symbols like logic-gate symbols or DOT pictograms. More libraries can be added as needed.[18]

Inkscape supports image tracing, the process of extracting vector graphics from raster sources.

Clones are child objects of an original parent object. Different transformations can be applied to them, such as: size, position, rotation, blur, opacity, color, and symmetry. Clones are updated live whenever the parent object changes.

Object manipulation

[edit]

Every object in the drawing can be subjected to arbitrary affine transformations: moving, rotating, scaling, skewing, and a configurable matrix.[clarification needed] Transformation parameters can be specified numerically. Transformations can snap to angles, grids, guidelines and nodes of other objects, or be aligned in specified direction, spaced equally, scattered at random.

Objects can be grouped. Groups of objects behave similarly to objects. Objects in a group can be edited without having to ungroup them first.

The Z-order determines the order in which objects are drawn on the canvas. Objects with a high Z-order are drawn on top of objects lower in the Z-order. Order of objects can be managed either using layers, or by manually moving the object up and down in the Z-order. Layers can be locked or hidden, preventing modification and accidental selection.

The Create Tiled Clones tool allows symmetrical or grid-like drawings using various plane symmetries.

Appearance of objects can be further changed by using masks and clipping paths, which can be created from arbitrary objects, including groups.

The style attributes are 'attached' to the source object, so after cutting/copying an object onto the clipboard, the style's attributes can be pasted to another object.

Objects can also be moved by manually entering the location coordinates in the top toolbar. Even additions and subtractions can be done this way.

File formats

[edit]

Inkscape's primary format is SVG 1.1, meaning that it can create and edit with the abilities and within the constraints of this format. Any other format must either be imported (converted to SVG) or exported (converted from SVG). The SVG format is using the CSS standard internally. Inkscape's implementation of SVG and CSS standards is incomplete. Most notably, it does not support animation natively.[19] Inkscape has multilingual support, particularly for complex scripts. Formats that used the UniConvertor library are not supported beyond the 1.0 release. A workaround is to have a parallel installation of version 0.92.x.[20]

Inkscape file format support[21]
Format name Import Export
Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) native
CorelDRAW (CDR, CDT, CCX, CMX) native
Microsoft Visio (VSD, VSDM, VSDX, VDX) native
Portable Document Format (PDF) native native
compressed SVG (SVGZ) native
JPEG native with extension
PNG native native
GIF native
BMP native
Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) with UniConvertor
Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) with Ghostscript native
PostScript (PS) with Ghostscript native
SK1 with UniConvertor
Affinity Designer (AFDESIGN) with extension[22]
Linearity Curve (CURVE, VECTORNATOR) with extension[23]
Sketch with extension
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) native native
Xfig (FIG) with extension
Flash XML Graphics (FXG) native
Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language (HPGL) native
HTML5 canvas element native
LaTeX (TeX) native
Synfig (SIF) native
Extensible Application Markup Language (XAML) native
WEBP native native

Other features

[edit]
  • XML Editor for direct manipulation of the SVG XML structure
  • Support for SVG filter effects
  • Editing of Resource Description Framework (RDF), a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) metadata information model
  • Command-line interface, exposes format conversion functions and full-featured GUI scripting
  • More than sixty interface languages
  • Extensible to new file formats, effects and other features
  • Mathematical diagramming, with various uses of LaTeX[24]
  • Experimental support for scripting
  • Using the Boehm garbage collector
  • lib2Geom is now also external usable. 2Geom is a computational geometry library, originally developed for Inkscape. While developed for Inkscape, it is a library that can be used from any application. It provides support for basic geometric algebra, paths, distortions, Boolean operations, plotting implicit functions, non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) and more. 2Geom is free software released under LGPL 2.1 or MPL 1.1.[25][26]
  • Creating biological illustrations together with PyMOL.[27]
  • Used together with "vinkscape", Inkscape can support version-aware XML documents.[28]

Extensions

[edit]

Ink/Stitch

[edit]

Ink/Stitch is an addon designed to add stitching tools for machine embroidery into Inkscape. It's available as an installable extension, but also as a custom Inkscape package.[29]

Ray Optics

[edit]

Ray Optics is an extension adding optics design and analyzing features to Inkscape.[30]

See also: Aber (software), Optics Software for Layout and Optimization, and Zemax

Platform support

[edit]

The latest versions of Inkscape are available for Linux, Windows, and macOS platforms.[31] Inkscape is packaged with AppImage, Flatpak, PPA, Snap and source by all major Linux distributions (including Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, OpenSUSE) with GTK+ 3.24+ (0.92.x with GTK+ 2.20+ for older Linux).[32][33]

Inkscape can also be installed via FreeBSD ports and pkgsrc, the latter being native to NetBSD, but well-supported on most POSIX platforms, including Linux, Illumos, and macOS.

As of 2017, Wacom tablet support for GTK 3 is in a reviving project. Version 1.0.x includes GTK 3 and Wacom support depending on the necessary Wacom Linux or Unix driver.[34][needs update]

macOS

[edit]

An issue had affected all GTK3-based apps on macOS Ventura (macOS 13), making the app unresponsive to certain mouse events. GTK is used by many different programs. GTK is a free and open-source cross-platform software widget toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs).[35] Inkscape 1.2.2 was also affected and the web site of Inkscape recommended not to install it on Ventura as long as a stable solution was not available.[36] These issues were fixed from version 1.3.

Most of the compatibility issues with Apple silicon processors (M1 and onward) appear to have also been resolved from version 1.3 and the macOS download site for Inkscape offers two options: the Intel version and the arm64 corresponding to the Apple Silicon M family.[37]

Release history

[edit]
Version Release date Notable features, changes
Unsupported: 0.35 11 November 2003 Initial release of Inkscape based on Sodipodi 0.32, new keyboard shortcuts[38]
Unsupported: 0.36 11 December 2003 GUI redesign and improved usability[39]
Unsupported: 0.37 16 February 2004[40] Boolean path operations and path inset/outset, major code refactoring[41]
Unsupported: 0.38 12 April 2004[42] Text kerning and letter spacing, multi-stage gradients[43]
Unsupported: 0.39 20 July 2004[44] Markers, clones, and pattern fills[45]
Unsupported: 0.40 30 November 2004[46] Multi-layer support, bitmap tracing (only greyscale), and text on path[47]
Unsupported: 0.41 10 February 2005 Clone tiler tool and color bitmap tracing[48]
Unsupported: 0.42 26 July 2005 Flowing text support, styling text spans, enhanced effects support, and the new gradient tool[49]
Unsupported: 0.43 19 November 2005 Connector tool, collaborative editing, tablet pressure/angle sensitivity[50]
Unsupported: 0.44 24 June 2006 Layers panel, support for clipping and masking, PDF export with transparency[51]
Unsupported: 0.45 5 February 2007 Gaussian blur, pattern along path, new Undo History panel, improved bitmap tracing using simple interactive object extraction, color effects[52]
Unsupported: 0.46 24 March 2008 Docking user interface, Paint Bucket, Tweak and 3D Box tools, Live Path Effects, support for most SVG filters, the ability to open PDF files, import from the Open Clip Art Library, and OpenType/PostScript and Type1 font support[53]
Unsupported: 0.47 24 November 2009 Eraser tool (can slice paths), timed autosave, spiro splines interface for paths, auto-smooth nodes for paths, spellchecker for the text tool, new path effects like "sketch" and "hatches", new Python extensions like "alphabet soup" and "convert to Braille", basic support for SVG fonts[54]
Unsupported: 0.48.x 23 August 2010;
July 2014		 Multipath node editing, improved text tool: subscript, superscript, numerical and preset inputs for text kerning, tracking and more text enhancements, new Airbrush (Spray) tool, LaTeX export with PDF, PS, EPS, JessyInk extension for creating presentations viewable in SVG-enabled web browsers[55][56][57][58][59][60]
Unsupported: 0.91 30 January 2015[61] Switched from libnr to Cairo rendering library, which significantly improved rendering speed.[62] Refactoring; Measure tool, new import/export formats, grayscale mode, alignment modes, Symbol library and support for Visio stencils, Guides can have labels, variable width strokes (PowerStroke).[63][64]
Unsupported: 0.92.x 4 January 2017[65] Infrastructure Focus; Mesh gradients, new path effects, default resolution changed from 90 dpi to 96 dpi to match the CSS standard, options for switching OpenType font features,[66][67][68][69] last release 0.92.5, windows 7 Minimum for Windows since 0.92.4, 0.92.3 Vista and XP last version
Unsupported: 1.0.x 4 May 2020[70] Transition to GTK3 and Python 3, customizable themes, better HiDPI screen support, controllable width of PowerStroke with pressure sensitive graphics tablet, new PNG export options, variable font support.[71][72][73][74][75][76] Native support for MacOS 10.10–10.15 Catalina.[77][78] Experimental color-managed PDF export,[79] last release 1.0.2
Unsupported: 1.1.x 24 May 2021 Significant changes in core and GUI, only Python 3 extensions supported, improved live path effects (LPE),[80][81][82] last release 1.1.2
Unsupported: 1.2 16 May 2022 New Page tool for multiple pages, Layers and Objects dialog merged, improved gradient editor, ability to export to multiple formats, improved SVG Font Editor, new 'Tiling' Live Path effect, improved performance, bugfix and some changes in GUI, improved macOS integration.[83][84][85]
Unsupported: 1.2.1 14 July 2022 Critical bugfix[86]
Unsupported: 1.2.2 5 December 2022 Maintenance and critical bug fix.[87] Last version to support Windows 7 and 8.
Unsupported: 1.3 23 July 2023 New tools for shape building, pattern editor, document resources, page margin and bleed; return of Search, opacity & blend modes in Layers & Objects dialog and of an optional persistent snap bar; improved canvas editing, XML Editor, welcome dialog, LPE, PDF import,[88] public beta available[89][90]
Unsupported: 1.3.1 18 November 2023 Maintenance and bugfix to dedicate to its 20th anniversary[91][92]
Unsupported: 1.3.2 26 November 2023 Fix data loss bugs from previous release, which affect saving stars, polygons, spirals and 3D boxes in SVG[93]
Unsupported: 1.4 13 October 2024 Several bug fixes. Filter gallery, modular grids & improved axonometric grids. The Swatches (Palettes) dialog has been improved. Users with CSS knowledge can now customize the styling and basic shape of all the handles. Several improvements were made to the Shape Builder tool. PDF export now supports internal links. DXF files (from Autodesk ) can now be imported into Inkscape[94][95]
Unsupported: 1.4.1 Planned but not released due to significant late‑breaking bug with new features later folded into version 1.4.2 [96][97]
Unsupported: 1.4.2 12 May 2025 Maintenance and bugfix release with some new minor features [96][98]
Latest version: 1.4.3 26 December 2025 Maintenance and bugfix release with some new minor features.  [99][100]
Latest version: 1.4.4 6 May 2026 Maintenance and bugfix release: 20 crash fixes (including three that prevented launch), more than 25 additional bug fixes, six performance improvements, a new palette, a new button for rotating stars and polygons to an upright position, and installation support for Windows on Arm; also serves as a bridge release capable of converting the planned Inkscape 1.5 multipage SVG format to the pre-1.5 format for compatibility with older versions.[101]
Future version: 1.5 TBA Development snapshot available from Inkscape, release schedule not announced as of 16 October 2026
Legend:
Unsupported
Latest version
Future version

Reception

[edit]

In its 2012 Best of Open Source Software Awards, InfoWorld gave Inkscape an award for being one of the best open-source desktop applications, commending its typographic controls and ability to directly edit the XML text of its documents.[102]

PC Magazine's February 2019 review gave the application three out of five stars; criticizing the interface graphics, the lack of optimization for stylus support, the application's poor interoperability with other graphics editors, unwieldy text formatting controls, and the quality of the MacOS version. However, the review did praise the ability to add custom filters, extensions, and the Inkscape community's passion for creating and sharing them. Further, the precision of both the path and placement tools was regarded positively. The review concluded that while Inkscape "boasts outstanding features and a passionate user base for a free program ... it's not suitable for busy professionals."[103]

In January 2020, TechRadar gave Inkscape a positive rating of four stars out of five. It lauded the wide range of editing tools and support for many file formats, but noted that the application's processing can be slow. It considered Inkscape to be a good free alternative to proprietary graphics editors such as Adobe Illustrator.[104] Similarly in July 2023, the Linux weekly newsletter It's FOSS stated Inkscape has become a direct competitor to Adobe Illustrator after the 1.3 version release of Inkscape, which sought to improve efficiency through overhauled user workflows.[105]

Security

[edit]

Since 2005, security researchers have published several CVEs (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) for Inkscape.[106]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Announcement Email 2003-11-06 07:16:26 (UTC)". SourceForge. 2 November 2023. Archived from the original on 11 December 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
  2. ^ "Inkscape 1.4.4 boosts performance and crushes crashes". 6 May 2026. Retrieved 10 May 2026.
  3. ^ "Inkscape 1.5". GitLab. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  4. ^ "Bump Inkscape version to 1.5-dev". GitLab. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  5. ^ "Download Inkscape development". Inkscape. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  6. ^ "List of language files at time of release of version 0.92.3 – gitlab.com repository". Inkscape. 8 March 2018. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
  7. ^ "Copying in Inkscape source". Retrieved 15 October 2018.
  8. ^ "About Inkscape". Inkscape.org. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  9. ^ a b "FAQ". Inkscape.org. Retrieved 5 May 2020. How did Inkscape start? […] Inkscape was started as a fork of Sodipodi, in late 2003, by four Sodipodi developers: Bryce Harrington, MenTaLguY, Nathan Hurst, and Ted Gould. Our mission was creating a fully compliant Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) drawing tool written in C++ with a new, more user friendly (GNOME Human Interface Guidelines (HIG) compliant) interface and an open, community-oriented development process.
  10. ^ "Linux.com Interviews Lauris Kaplinski". Linux.com. 24 September 2001. Archived from the original on 18 May 2005. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  11. ^ "Announcing new project (sodipodi mailing list)". 6 November 2003. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  12. ^ "Inkscape Sodipodi Comparison". Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  13. ^ Developers, Inkscape Website. "About SVG | Inkscape". inkscape.org. Retrieved 24 March 2025.
  14. ^ "Google's Summer of Code". Inkscape.org Wiki. Archived from the original on 4 July 2007.
  15. ^ "Inkscape moving to Launchpad".
  16. ^ "Inkscape moves to GitLab".
  17. ^ "Inkscape tutorial: Calligraphy". Inkscape.org. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  18. ^ "SymbolsDialog". Inkscape.org Wiki. Retrieved 3 July 2016.
  19. ^ "Animation". Inkscape. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
  20. ^ "Release notes/1.0". Inkscape.org Wiki.
  21. ^ "FAQ". Inkscape.org.
  22. ^ Developers, Inkscape Website. "Inkscape 1.4 Release Notes | Inkscape". inkscape.org. Retrieved 1 April 2025.
  23. ^ Developers, Inkscape Website. "Inkscape 1.4.2 Release Notes | Inkscape". inkscape.org. Retrieved 24 September 2025.
  24. ^ "Extension repository". Inkscape.org Wiki. Retrieved 22 October 2009.
  25. ^ "inkscape/lib2geom". 18 December 2019 – via GitHub.
  26. ^ "Graphics Math Library 2geom's First Release Available For Use Beyond Inkscape". Inkscape.org. 11 November 2018. Archived from the original on 7 November 2023.
  27. ^ Yuan, Shuguang; Chan, H. C. Stephen; Filipek, Slawomir; Vogel, Horst (6 December 2016). "PyMOL and Inkscape Bridge the Data and the Data Visualization". Structure. 24 (12): 2041–2042. doi:10.1016/j.str.2016.11.012. ISSN 0969-2126. PMID 27926832.
  28. ^ Thao, Cheng; Munson, Ethan V. (19 September 2011). "Version-aware XML documents". Proceedings of the 11th ACM symposium on Document engineering. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 97–100. doi:10.1145/2034691.2034713. ISBN 978-1-4503-0863-2.
  29. ^ inkstitch/inkstitch, Ink/Stitch
  30. ^ Bloch, Damien, damienBloch/inkscape-raytracing
  31. ^ "All Platforms for Inkscape 1.0". Inkscape.org. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
  32. ^ "Introducing Inkscape 1.0". Inkscape.org.
  33. ^ "Inkscape 1.0 Theming Guide – Beyond the Basics – Inkscape Forum".
  34. ^ "Linux Tablet Driver Project Revived". Inkscape.org.
  35. ^ The GTK+ Team. "GTK+ Features". Archived from the original on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
  36. ^ "Download Inkscape 1.2.2". Inkscape.org. Retrieved 14 May 2023.
  37. ^ "Website download for macOS version should specify Apple Silicon (#10402): Issues: Inkscape: Inbox". GitLab. 4 July 2024. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
  38. ^ Harrington, Bryce (11 November 2003). "[Inkscape] Inkscape Release 0.35". inkscape-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 5 January 2020.
  39. ^ Gould, Ted (11 December 2003). "[Inkscape] Inkscape 0.36 – "See, even a 5 year old can use it."". inkscape-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  40. ^ Harrington, Bryce (16 February 2004). "[Inkscape] Announcing Inkscape 0.37 Release". inkscape-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  41. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.37". Inkscape.org.
  42. ^ Harrington, Bryce (12 April 2004). "[Inkscape] Announcing Inkscape 0.38 Release". inkscape-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  43. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.38.1". Inkscape.org.
  44. ^ Gould, Ted (20 July 2004). "[Inkscape] Inkscape 0.39". inkscape-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  45. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.39". Inkscape.org.
  46. ^ Harrington, Bryce (30 November 2004). "[Inkscape] Announcing Inkscape 0.40 Release". inkscape-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  47. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.40". Inkscape.org.
  48. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.41". Inkscape.org.
  49. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.42". Inkscape.org.
  50. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.43". Inkscape.org.
  51. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.44.1". Inkscape.org.
  52. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.45.1". Inkscape.org.
  53. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.46". Inkscape.org.
  54. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.47". Inkscape.org.
  55. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.48". Inkscape.org.
  56. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.48.1". Inkscape.org.
  57. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.48.2". Inkscape.org.
  58. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.48.3.1". Inkscape.org.
  59. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.48.4". Inkscape.org.
  60. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.48.5". Inkscape.org.
  61. ^ "Inkscape Version 0.91 is Released!". inkscape.org.
  62. ^ "Release notes/0.91". Inkscape.org Wiki. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  63. ^ "Release notes for 0.91". wiki.inkscape.org.
  64. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.91". Inkscape.org.
  65. ^ "Inkscape Version 0.92 is Released!". inkscape.org.
  66. ^ "Release notes for 0.92". wiki.inkscape.org.
  67. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.92.1". Inkscape.org.
  68. ^ "Inkscape 0.92.2 Delivers Greater Stability and Easier Contributions". Inkscape.org.
  69. ^ "Download Inkscape 0.92.2". Inkscape.org.
  70. ^ "Introducing Inkscape 1.0". Inkscape.org. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  71. ^ "Notice of removal of GTK+ 2 support". Inkscape.org Wiki.
  72. ^ "GTK+ 3 migration". Inkscape.org Wiki.
  73. ^ "GTK+ 3 issues". Inkscape.org Wiki., no uniconverter support with less Import filters
  74. ^ "Download Inkscape 1.0.1". Inkscape.
  75. ^ "Download Inkscape 1.0alpha0". Inkscape.org. Archived from the original on 7 November 2023.
  76. ^ "Release notes/1.0". Inkscape.org Wiki.
  77. ^ "Download Inkscape 1.0beta2". Inkscape.org.
  78. ^ "Inkscape 1.0 beta1 available for testing". Inkscape.org.
  79. ^ "Inkscape version 1.0.1 patches crashes & bugs". Inkscape.org.
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Further reading

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Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.

Wikipedia

Inkscape

Inkscape is a free and open-source software vector graphics editor released under a GNU General Public License (GPL) 2.0 or later. It is used for both artistic and technical illustrations such as cartoons, clip art, logos, typography, diagrams, and flowcharts. It uses vector graphics to allow for sharp printouts and renderings at unlimited resolution and is not bound to a fixed number of pixels like raster graphics. Inkscape uses Scalable Vector Graphics (SVGs) as its main file format. It can import and export various file formats, including Adobe Illustrator (AI), Encapsulated PostScript (EPS), PDF, PostScript (PS) and PNG. Inkscape can render primitive vector shapes (e.g. rectangles, ellipses, polygons, arcs, spirals, stars and 3D boxes) and text. These objects may be filled with solid colors, patterns, and radial or linear color gradients, and their borders may be stroked, both with adjustable transparency. Embedding and optional tracing of raster graphics is also supported, enabling the editor to create vector graphics from photos and other raster sources. Created shapes can be further manipulated with geometric transformations, such as moving, rotating, scaling, and skewing.

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Wikipedia

Blender (software)

Blender is a free and open-source 3D computer graphics software suite. It runs on Windows, macOS, Linux, BSD, Haiku, and IRIX and is used for general 3D modeling, animation, digital sculpting, visual effects, rendering, compositing, motion tracking, drawing, 2D animation and video editing. It is widely used to create animated films, visual effects, art, 3D-printed models, motion graphics, interactive 3D applications, virtual reality, and 3D models for video games.

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Wikipedia

Firefox

Mozilla Firefox, or simply Firefox, is a free and open-source web browser developed by the Mozilla Foundation and its subsidiary, the Mozilla Corporation. It uses the Gecko rendering engine to display web pages, which implements current and anticipated web standards. The software is available for Windows, macOS, and Linux systems, as well as a mobile version for Android (see Firefox for Android) and iOS, with unofficial ports for other platforms such as Oracle Solaris and OpenIndiana. Firefox is the spiritual successor of Netscape Navigator, as the Mozilla community was created by Netscape in 1998, before Netscape's acquisition by AOL. Firefox was created in 2002 under the codename "Phoenix" by members of the Mozilla community who desired a standalone browser rather than the Mozilla Application Suite bundle. During its beta phase, it proved to be popular with its testers and was praised for its speed, security, and add-ons compared to Microsoft's then-dominant Internet Explorer 6. It was released on November 9, 2004, and challenged Internet Explorer's dominance with 60 million downloads within nine months. In November 2017, Firefox began incorporating new technology under the code name "Quantum" to promote parallelism and a more intuitive user interface. The current version of Firefox is available for Windows 10 or later versions of Windows, as well as macOS, and Linux. Its unofficial ports are available for various Unix systems such as Oracle Solaris and OpenIndiana, as well as for Unix-like operating systems, including FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, and other operating systems, such as ReactOS. It is the default, pre-installed browser on Debian, Ubuntu, and some other Linux distros. Firefox is also available for Android and iOS. However, as with all other iOS web browsers, the iOS version uses the WebKit layout engine instead of Gecko due to platform requirements. An optimized version was also available on the Amazon Fire TV as one of the two main browsers available with Amazon's Silk Browser until April 30, 2021, when Firefox was discontinued on that platform. Firefox usage share grew to a peak of 32.21% in November 2009, with Firefox 3.5 overtaking Internet Explorer 7, although not all versions of Internet Explorer as a whole; its usage then declined in competition with Google Chrome. As of July 2026, according to StatCounter, it had a 6.3% usage share on traditional PCs (i.e. as a desktop browser), making it the third-most popular PC web browser after Google Chrome (72%) and Microsoft Edge (10%), and ahead of Safari (5.2%).

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Which Supreme Court case ruled state-sponsored public-school segregation unconstitutional?

Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.