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Wilmington, North Carolina once had a thriving Black middle class and an elected interracial government. In 1898 white supremacists used violence to overthrow that government, kill Black residents and drive many others from the city.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
Grape therapy or grape diet, also known as ampelotherapy, is a diet that involves heavy consumption of grapes, sometimes with their seeds, leaves and parts of the vine, as a form of alternative medicine. It emerged in German spas such as Bad Dürkheim and Merano in the 19th century.[1] The concept has no scientific basis and is regarded as quackery by scientific institutions including the American Cancer Society.[2]
An assumption of some of grape therapy is that consuming grape constituents would provide unusual therapeutic or nutritional benefits. However, consuming grapes has unknown effects against cardiovascular diseases and other diseases, such as metabolic syndrome.[3] Alternative medicine practitioners have recommended grapes and parts of the vine for treating various diseases, but there is no clinical evidence for any such effects.[2][3]
Grape pomace contains various micronutrients,[4] but the resulting flour from pomace has variable nutrient contents due to processing, drying, and storage conditions.[5] In a reference amount of 100 g (3.5 oz), raw grapes provide little nutritional benefit, except for moderate amounts of carbohydrates and vitamin K (see grape nutrition).
Proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins and resveratrol extracted from grape seeds and grape skins are under basic research for their possible biological effects.[3] Pomace also contains organic acids (tartaric, malic, citric, tannic),[4] but there is no evidence for health effects from these phytochemicals.[3]
The documentation of a grape diet was first seen in a publication by Dr. Veit Kaufmann, a family doctor in the viticultural city of Bad Dürkheim, Germany, called "Die Traubenkur in Dürkheim a.d. Haardt" (The Grape Treatment Course in Dürkheim on the river Haardt) (1856).[1] Kaufmann was well known locally, and a personal friend of Rudolph Virchow, who underwent the treatment regularly.
In the USSR, the principles of a grape cure were developed in the 1920s by a group of physicians of the Semashko Institute (Yalta), headed by A.V. D'iakov.[6] Ampelotherapy is offered in alternative medicine clinics and spas, particularly in Europe,[7] together with vinotherapy, a cosmetic treatment that involves rubbing grapes into the skin.
Johanna Brandt, a South African author, popularized the grape diet as a treatment for cancer from 1925. She published about twenty pamphlets on the subject of natural remedies for health problems with her book The Grape Cure, which is said to have been written after Brandt had cured herself of stomach cancer by following the diet.[8] The book was republished in 1989 as How to Conquer Cancer, Naturally, including an endorsement of Brandt's work by Benedict Lust, who is commonly referred to as "the father of naturopathy".
Although commonly used as a dietary supplement and studied in human trials at an amount much higher than can be consumed from drinking red wine, there is no high-quality evidence that resveratrol provides any benefits for cardiovascular risk factors.[9] Advocates of grape therapy argue that grape phytochemicals inhibit the development of cancer, arthritis or diabetes, but there is no scientific evidence for such effects.[2][3]
The diet proposed by Veit Kaufmann recommended the consumption of several pounds of freshly picked grapes a day, spread over 4 portions, combined with walks, sports and light healthy meals, over a course of three to six weeks in a spa, overseen by medical personnel.[1] The diet proposed by Johanna Brandt recommended fasting for two or three days, consuming only cold water, followed by a diet of only grapes and water for one to two weeks, with seven meals a day. Fresh fruits, tomatoes, and sour milk or cottage cheese are then introduced to the diet followed by raw vegetables.[2]
Available scientific evidence does not support claims that a diet of grapes is effective for treating cancer or any other disease.[2] The Brandt diet, in particular, has been described as "quackery" by Barrett who notes that the American Cancer Society reviewed The Grape Cure in 1965, 1971, 1974, and 2000 and found no evidence of benefit against human cancer or any other disease.[2] Grape seed extract has been identified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a "fake cancer 'cure'".[10]
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Grape therapy or grape diet, also known as ampelotherapy, is a diet that involves heavy consumption of grapes, sometimes with their seeds, leaves and parts of the vine, as a form of alternative medicine. It emerged in German spas such as Bad Dürkheim and Merano in the 19th century. The concept has no scientific basis and is regarded as quackery by scientific institutions including the American Cancer Society.
The consumption of grapes and raisins presents a potential health threat to dogs. Their toxicity to dogs can cause the animal to develop acute kidney injury (the sudden development of kidney failure) with anuria (a lack of urine production). The phenomenon was first identified by the Animal Poison Control Center (APCC), run by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA). Approximately 140 cases were seen by the APCC in the year from April 2003 to April 2004, with 50 developing symptoms and seven dying. One theory of the mechanism of toxicity is the tartaric acid or tartrate content in grapes. This is based on the observation that dogs show similar symptoms and pathological findings after consuming cream of tartar or tamarind. It is not clear that the observed cases of kidney failure following ingestion are due to grapes only. Clinical findings suggest raisin and grape ingestion can be fatal, but the mechanism of toxicity is still considered unknown.
Portugal's history of viticulture and vinification covers many centuries and has included the use of an extensive number native varieties. In addition, through experimentation and field trials a number of new varieties have emerged and are now playing key roles in producing the country's wide array of wines. The relative absence of many international varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay and Semillon is another characteristic of this country's wine industry, although in recent decades many of these varieties have been brought into wider use as the lists below reveal. Portugal's wine production in 2019 was 6.5 million hectolitres (Mhl), consistent with its annual average since 2015, and the forecast for 2020 is also 6.5 Mhl. This industry makes an important contribution to the country's annual income by attracting a vigorous local market and by being exported all over the world with France, the United States, the United Kingdom, Brazil and Germany as the main destinations. Evidence gained from recent research may suggest that the industry has not yet reached its maximum level of winegrape output efficiency. Among other wine exporting nations, Portugal was ranked as the world's 9th largest in 2018-2019.
Grape surgery is the use of grapes as training models in surgical simulations. A video of the robotic da Vinci Surgical System peeling and stitching the skin of a grape, accompanied by the text "they did surgery on a grape", became an Internet meme in 2018.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Madam C.J. Walker
