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Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
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Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.
In August 1908, a white mob attacked Springfield, Illinois’s Black community, destroying homes and businesses and lynching two Black men. National outrage over the violence helped spur the movement that created the NAACP the following year.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
In CJK (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean) computing, graphic characters are traditionally classed into fullwidth[a] and halfwidth[b] characters. Unlike monospaced fonts, a halfwidth character occupies half the width of a fullwidth character, hence the name.
Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms is also the name of a Unicode block U+FF00–FFEF, provided so that older encodings containing both halfwidth and fullwidth characters can have lossless translation to and from Unicode.
 | This section needs more citations. (April 2021) |
In the days of text mode computing, Western characters were normally laid out in a grid on the screen, often 80 columns by 24 or 25 lines. Each character was displayed as a small dot matrix, often about 8 pixels wide, and an SBCS (single-byte character set) was generally used to encode characters of Western languages.
For aesthetic reasons and readability, it is preferable for Chinese characters to be approximately square-shaped, therefore twice as wide as these fixed-width SBCS characters. As these were typically encoded in a DBCS (double-byte character set), this also meant that their width on screen in a duospaced font was proportional to their byte length. Some terminals and editing programs could not deal with double-byte characters starting at odd columns, only even ones (some could not even put double-byte and single-byte characters in the same line). So the DBCS sets generally included Roman characters and digits also, for use alongside the CJK characters in the same line.
On the other hand, early Japanese computing used a single-byte code page called JIS X 0201 for katakana. These would be rendered at the same width as the other single-byte characters, making them half-width kana characters rather than normally proportioned kana. Although the JIS X 0201 standard itself did not specify half-width display for katakana, this became the visually distinguishing feature in Shift JIS between the single-byte JIS X 0201 and double-byte JIS X 0208 katakana. Some IBM code pages used a similar treatment for Korean jamo,[1] based on the N-byte Hangul code and its EBCDIC translation.
For compatibility with existing character sets that contained both half- and fullwidth versions of the same character, Unicode allocated a single block at U+FF00–FFEF containing the necessary "alternative width" characters. This includes a fullwidth version of all the ASCII characters and some non-ASCII punctuation such as the Yen sign, halfwidth versions of katakana and hangul, and halfwidth versions of some other symbols such as circles. Only characters needed for lossless round trip to existing character sets were allocated, rather than (for instance) making a fullwidth version of every Latin accented character.
Unicode assigns every code point an East_Asian_Width property. This may be:[2]
East_Asian_Width. F, H, and W are generally only used by East Asian scripts.| Abbreviation | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| W | Wide | Naturally wide character, e.g. Hiragana. |
| Na | Narrow | Naturally narrow character, e.g. ISO Basic Latin alphabet. |
| F | Fullwidth | Wide variant with compatibility normalisation to naturally narrow character, e.g. fullwidth Latin script. |
| H | Halfwidth | Narrow variant with compatibility normalisation to naturally wide character, e.g. half-width kana. Includes U+20A9 (₩) as an exception. |
| A | Ambiguous | Characters included in East Asian DBCS codes but also in European SBCS codes, e.g. Greek alphabet. Duospaced behaviour can consequently vary. |
| N | Neutral | Characters which do not appear in East Asian DBCS codes, e.g. Devanagari. |
Terminal emulators can use this property to decide whether a character should consume one or two "columns" when figuring out tabs and cursor position.
OpenType has the fwid, halt, hwid, and vhal feature tags to be used to reproduce fullwidth or halfwidth form of a character. CSS provides control over these features using font-variant-east-asian and font-feature-settings properties.[3]
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
In CJK (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean) computing, graphic characters are traditionally classed into fullwidth and halfwidth characters. Unlike monospaced fonts, a halfwidth character occupies half the width of a fullwidth character, hence the name. Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms is also the name of a Unicode block U+FF00–FFEF, provided so that older encodings containing both halfwidth and fullwidth characters can have lossless translation to and from Unicode.
Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms is a Unicode block U+FF00–FFEF, provided so that older encodings containing both halfwidth and fullwidth characters can have lossless translation to and from Unicode. It is the second-to-last block of the Basic Multilingual Plane, followed only by the short Specials block at U+FFF0–FFFF. Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was Halfwidth and Fullwidth Variants. Range U+FF01–FF5E reproduces the characters of ASCII 21 to 7E as fullwidth forms. U+FF00 does not correspond to a fullwidth ASCII 20 (space character), since that role is already fulfilled by U+3000 "ideographic space". Range U+FF61–FF9F encodes halfwidth forms of katakana and related punctuation in a transposition of A1 to DF in the JIS X 0201 encoding – see half-width kana. The range U+FFA0–FFDC encodes halfwidth forms of compatibility jamo characters for Hangul, in a transposition of their 1974 standard layout. It is used in the mapping of some IBM encodings for Korean, such as IBM code page 933, which allows the use of the Shift Out and Shift In characters to shift to a double-byte character set. Since the double-byte character set could contain compatibility jamo, halfwidth variants are needed to provide round-trip compatibility. Range U+FFE0–FFEE includes fullwidth and halfwidth symbols.
Half width may refer to: Full width at half maximum Halfwidth and fullwidth forms Half-width kana
A (minuscule: a) is the first letter and the first vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, and others worldwide. Its name in English is a (pronounced as in say), plural aes. It is similar in shape to the Ancient Greek letter alpha, from which it derives. The uppercase version consists of the two slanting sides of a triangle, crossed in the middle by a horizontal bar. The lowercase version is often written in one of two forms: the double-storey |a| and single-storey |ɑ|. The latter form is commonly used in handwriting and fonts based on it, especially fonts intended to be read by children, and is also found in italic type.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →The Greenwood District.
