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Wilmington, North Carolina once had a thriving Black middle class and an elected interracial government. In 1898 white supremacists used violence to overthrow that government, kill Black residents and drive many others from the city.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
Henry Richard Linderman | |
|---|---|
 c. 1865–1880 (from the Brady-Handy Photograph Collection, Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.) | |
| 12th Director of the United States Mint | |
| In office April 1867 – May 1869 | |
| President | Andrew Johnson Ulysses S. Grant |
| Preceded by | William Millward |
| Succeeded by | James Pollock |
| 14th Director of the United States Mint | |
| In office April 1873 – December 1878 | |
| President | Ulysses S. Grant Rutherford B. Hayes |
| Preceded by | James Pollock |
| Succeeded by | Horatio C. Burchard |
| Personal details | |
| Born | December 25, 1825 Lehman, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Died | January 27, 1879 (aged 53) Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Resting place | Nisky Hill Cemetery, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania |
| Party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Emily Holland Davis |
| Children | Henry Richard Linderman |
| Parent(s) | Rachel Linderman née Brodhead John Jordan Linderman |
| Education | Doctor of Medicine, 1846 |
| Alma mater | University of the City of New York |
| Signature |  |
Henry Richard Linderman (December 25, 1825 – January 27, 1879) was an American financier and superintendent of the US Mint.
The Brodheads first arrived in America when Daniel Brodhead, a Captain of King Charles II's Grenadiers in the British Army, was dispatched as a part of Nicolls's Expedition to take New Amsterdam in 1664. Brodhead commanded a company that occupied a post in Esopus, New York, where he died two years later. Henry's great-granduncle was Brevet Brigadier General Daniel Brodhead, who served as colonel of the 8th Pennsylvania Regiment in the American Revolution. Henry was the nephew of U.S. Senator Richard Brodhead (his mother's brother).[1]
The Linderman side of the family came to America in the eighteenth century. Jacob von Linderman was a younger son of a line physicians and lawyers from Saxony who occasionally served as counselors to the Electors of Saxony. He emigrated during the chaos of the War of the Austrian Succession and settled near Kingston, New York in 1750.[2]
Linderman was born in Lehman, Pennsylvania on December 25, 1825.[3] He studied medicine, first under his father, then completing a Doctor of Medicine from University of the City of New York in 1846. While in New York his preceptor was Dr. Willard Parker.[1] Subsequently, he practiced medicine in Pike County, and elsewhere in Pennsylvania, until 1853 when he moved to Philadelphia where he also practiced medicine for a short time.
Linderman was active in politics as a Democrat. From 1853 until 1864, he was Chief Clerk (also called Director's Clerk) of the U.S. Mint in Philadelphia. Linderman resigned this office during 1864, and entered business as a stockbroker.
He was director of the mint from 1866 to 1869. On account of his great experience and thorough knowledge of such subjects, Linderman was appointed by the secretary of the treasury to examine the mint in San Francisco, and to adjust some intricate bullion questions. In 1871, he was sent by the U.S. government to London, Paris, and Berlin to collect information concerning the mints in those places, and in 1872 made an elaborate report on the condition of the market for silver. In order to find an outlet for the great amount of silver in the United States, Linderman proposed the trade dollar.
With Knox, Linderman drew up the Coinage Act of 1873. On the enactment of this law in April 1873, he was appointed superintendent of the mint and organized the bureau, and from that time had the general supervision of all the mints and assay offices in the United States. During Linderman's administration, he gathered a choice collection of specimen coins, which were to be sold by auction in New York in 1887, but the U.S. government claimed them. As superintendent of the Mint, he wrote annual reports, of which that of 1877, arguing for the gold standard, is best known and most important. He also published Money and Legal Tender in the United States (New York, 1877).
Henry Linderman died on January 27, 1879, in Washington, D.C.[4]
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Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Henry Richard Linderman (December 25, 1825 – January 27, 1879) was an American financier and superintendent of the US Mint.
The American twenty-cent piece is a coin struck from 1875 to 1878, but only for collectors in the final two years. Proposed by Nevada Senator John P. Jones, it proved a failure due to confusion with the quarter, to which it was close in both size and value. In 1874, the newly elected Jones began pressing for a twenty-cent piece, which he stated would alleviate the shortage of small change in the Far West. The bill passed Congress, and Mint Director Henry Linderman ordered pattern coins struck. Linderman eventually decided on an obverse and reverse similar to that of other silver coins. Although the coins have a smooth edge, rather than reeded as with other silver coins, the new piece was close to the size of, and immediately confused with, the quarter. Adding to the bewilderment, the obverse, or "heads", sides of both coins were almost identical. After the first year, in which over a million were minted, there was little demand, and the denomination was abolished in 1878. At least a third of the total mintage was later melted by the government. Numismatist Mark Benvenuto called the twenty-cent piece "a chapter of U.S. coinage history that closed almost before it began".
Frank Bird Linderman (September 25, 1869 – May 12, 1938) was a Montana writer, politician, Native American ally and ethnographer. Born in Cleveland, Ohio, he went West as a young man and became enamored of life on the Montana frontier. While working as a trapper for several years, he lived with the Salish and Blackfeet tribes, learning their cultures. He later became an advocate for them and for other northern Plains Indians. He wrote about their cultures and worked to help them survive pressure from European Americans. For instance, he supported establishment of the Rocky Boy Indian Reservation in 1916 in Montana for landless Ojibwe (Chippewa) and Cree, and continued as an advocate for Native Americans to his death. Linderman worked at various jobs throughout his life: as a fur trapper, then an assayer, and later an agent for Guardian Insurance of America. He owned a hotel for two years. For another two years, he published a newspaper, the Sheridan Chinook. He served two terms in the Montana Legislature and campaigned for a seat in Congress. He published his first collection of Native American tribal stories in 1915 and wrote twenty more books over the next two decades. He wrote to share what he knew about Native American cultures and to preserve their traditional stories. His friend Charles Marion Russell, noted painter, illustrated many of these books.
Jim Linderman (born 1953) is an American popular culture writer, collector and visual artist. Linderman has written a number of books, some self-published, has written articles for collecting magazines. He maintains three personal blogs on the subject of little-known artists and art, based on material from his collections of vintage photographs and ephemera.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →The Greenwood District.
