Civil Rights
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.
Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
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Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.
Mansa Musa was the ruler of the Mali Empire in West Africa. Details recorded here should be sourced; unknown information is left blank.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
| Discipline | Genetics |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Edited by | Stefan Baumgartner, Yongyong Shi |
| Publication details | |
| History | 1920–present |
| Publisher | |
| Standard abbreviations | |
| ISO 4 | Hereditas |
| Indexing | |
| CODEN | HEREAY |
| ISSN | 0018-0661 (print) 1601-5223 (web) |
| OCLC no. | 01752016 |
| Links | |
Hereditas is a scientific journal concerning genetics. It has been published since 1920 by the Mendelska sällskapet i Lund (Mendelian Society of Lund). In its long history it has published important papers in the field of genetics, including the first discovery of the correct human chromosome count by Joe Hin Tijo and Albert Levan in 1956.[1] In the post-genomic era, the scope of Hereditas has evolved to include any research on genomic analysis.
In 2005, Hereditas changed from a traditional subscription-based journal to become an open access, web based and author funded journal. By the end of 2014, Hereditas terminated its activity with Wiley Publishers. In May 2015 Hereditas was re-launched and became part of the portfolio of the open access publisher Biomed Central (BMC), now owned by Springer Nature.
It is indexed by BIOSIS, DOAJ, MEDLINE, Science Citation Index, and Scopus. The impact factor (IF) of 2025 is 2.6.
Editors-in-chief (EiC): Robert Larsson (1920–1954), Arne Müntzing (1955–1977), Arne Lundqvist (1978–1988), Karl Fredga and Arne Lundqvist (1989–1996), Ulf Gyllensten (1996–2001), Anssi Saura (2002–2011), Stefan Baumgartner (2012 - 2023), Yongyong Shi (2016 -, in parallel to Baumgartner). Ramin Massoumi (2024-, in parallel to Yongyong Shi)
Handling editors: Fumihiko Takeuchi, Julhash U. Kazi, Hamed Kioumarsi, Eduardo López Urrutia, Hua-Sheng Chiu, Yongyong Shi, Lu Chen
| Authority control databases: National |
|---|
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Hereditas is a scientific journal concerning genetics. It has been published since 1920 by the Mendelska sällskapet i Lund (Mendelian Society of Lund). In its long history it has published important papers in the field of genetics, including the first discovery of the correct human chromosome count by Joe Hin Tijo and Albert Levan in 1956. In the post-genomic era, the scope of Hereditas has evolved to include any research on genomic analysis. In 2005, Hereditas changed from a traditional subscription-based journal to become an open access, web based and author funded journal. By the end of 2014, Hereditas terminated its activity with Wiley Publishers. In May 2015 Hereditas was re-launched and became part of the portfolio of the open access publisher Biomed Central (BMC), now owned by Springer Nature. It is indexed by BIOSIS, DOAJ, MEDLINE, Science Citation Index, and Scopus. The impact factor (IF) of 2025 is 2.6. Editors-in-chief (EiC): Robert Larsson (1920–1954), Arne Müntzing (1955–1977), Arne Lundqvist (1978–1988), Karl Fredga and Arne Lundqvist (1989–1996), Ulf Gyllensten (1996–2001), Anssi Saura (2002–2011), Stefan Baumgartner (2012 - 2023), Yongyong Shi (2016 -, in parallel to Baumgartner). Ramin Massoumi (2024-, in parallel to Yongyong Shi) Handling editors: Fumihiko Takeuchi, Julhash U. Kazi, Hamed Kioumarsi, Eduardo López Urrutia, Hua-Sheng Chiu, Yongyong Shi, Lu Chen
A chromosome is a package of DNA containing part of or all of the genetic material of an organism. In most chromosomes, the very long thin DNA fibers are coated with nucleosome-forming packaging proteins; in eukaryotic cells, the most important of these proteins are the histones. Aided by chaperone proteins, the histones bind to and condense the DNA molecule to maintain its integrity. These eukaryotic chromosomes display a complex three-dimensional structure that has a significant role in transcriptional regulation. Normally, chromosomes are visible under a light microscope only during the metaphase of cell division, where all chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell in their condensed form. Before this stage occurs, each chromosome is duplicated (S phase), and the two copies are joined by a centromere—resulting in either an X-shaped structure if the centromere is located equatorially, or a two-armed structure if the centromere is located distally; the joined copies are called 'sister chromatids'. During metaphase, the duplicated structure (called a 'metaphase chromosome') is highly condensed and thus easiest to distinguish and study. In animal cells, chromosomes reach their highest compaction level in anaphase during chromosome segregation. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a crucial role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe. This will usually cause the cell to initiate apoptosis, leading to its own death, but the process is occasionally hampered by cell mutations that result in the progression of cancer. The term 'chromosome' is sometimes used in a wider sense to refer to the individualized portions of chromatin in cells, which may or may not be visible under light microscopy. In a narrower sense, 'chromosome' can be used to refer to the individualized portions of chromatin during cell division, which are visible under light microscopy due to high condensation.
The Uyghurs, alternatively spelled Uighurs, Uygurs, or Uigurs, are a Turkic ethnic group originating from and culturally affiliated with the general region of Central Asia and East Asia. They speak Uyghur, a Karluk language that shares the same origin with Uzbek. The Uyghurs are recognized as the titular nationality of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwest China. They are one of China's 55 officially recognized ethnic minorities. The Uyghurs are genetically related to West Eurasians, East Asians, Siberians, and South Asians, and can trace their ancestry to various peoples and cultures, such as the Tocharians, Uyghur Khanate, Qocho, Kara-Khanid Khanate, and Qara Khitai, that had inhabited or migrated to the region. They were historically influenced and often ruled by neighboring Chinese, Mongol, Tibetan, and Turkic civilizations. Originally followers of many belief systems, inhabitants of the region were gradually converted to Islam after the 10th century, especially under the Chagatai Khanate. By the 16th century, most of them identified as Muslims and no longer recognized symbols of their Buddhist past. Islam continues to play an important role in Uyghur culture and identity. Prior to the 20th century, the Uyghurs did not have a common unifying ethnonym. The name "Uyghur" was used to refer to the non-Muslim inhabitants of Qocho, mainly Buddhists, who resisted conversion to Islam until the 16th century. The name fell out of use afterward and the region inhabited by the modern Uyghur people came under the rule of the Qing dynasty following the Dzungar–Qing Wars in the 18th century. Settlers of various ethnicities were relocated to Dzungaria, which was later combined with the Tarim Basin to the south to become Xinjiang Province. Until 1921, the inhabitants of the Tarim Basin identified themselves by terms such as yerlik ("locals"), Musulman khalq ("Muslim people"), or by regional designations including Kashgarlik and Yarkandlik. In the twentieth century, under the influence of movements advocating autonomy, the need for a common ethnic designation emerged. In a conference held by the Soviet Union, Turkic intellectuals from all over the Tarim Basin gathered in Tashkent and adopted the ethnonym "Uyghur" for their people, although they were aware of the differences between the modern and ancient Uyghurs. The extent of the Uyghur Khaganate's territory did not reach the entire area inhabited by modern Uyghurs such as western Kashgaria. Later Chinese governments continued to use the name "Uyghur" as an umbrella category for the people of the Tarim Basin. More Uyghurs live in the Tarim Basin than in northern Xinjiang. Several thousand reside in Taoyuan, Hunan. Significant diasporic Uyghur communities exist in Turkic countries such as Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkey, in addition to smaller ones elsewhere. Since 2014, the Chinese government has been accused of subjecting Uyghurs in Xinjiang to widespread persecution, including arbitrary arrest and detention, forced sterilization, and forced labor. The Chinese government denies the accusations.
Wheat is a group of wild and domesticated grasses of the genus Triticum (). As cereals, they are cultivated for their grains, which are staple foods around the world. Well-known wheat species and hybrids include the most widely grown common wheat (T. aestivum), spelt, durum, emmer, einkorn, and Khorasan or Kamut. The archaeological record suggests that wheat was first cultivated in the regions of the Fertile Crescent around 9600 BC. Wheat is grown on a larger area of land than any other food crop (219.5 million hectares or 542 million acres in 2024). World trade in wheat is greater than that of all other crops combined. In 2024, world wheat production was 799 million tonnes (881 million short tons), making it the second most-produced cereal after maize (known as corn in North America and Australia). Since 1960, world production of wheat and other grain crops has tripled and is expected to grow further through the middle of the 21st century. Global demand for wheat is increasing because of the usefulness of gluten to the food industry. Wheat is an important source of carbohydrates. Globally, it is the leading source of vegetable proteins in human food, having a protein content of about 13%, which is relatively high compared to other major cereals but relatively low in protein quality (supplying essential amino acids). When eaten as the whole grain, wheat is a source of multiple nutrients and dietary fibre. In a small part of the general population, gluten – which comprises most of the protein in wheat – can trigger coeliac disease, noncoeliac gluten sensitivity, gluten ataxia, and dermatitis herpetiformis.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Mae Jemison, aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1992.
