Civil Rights
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Innovation, patents, science, technology and world-changing contributions.
Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.
Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
Black towns, communities, institutions and places where history happened.
Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.
In 1968 Shirley Chisholm became the first Black woman elected to the United States Congress. In 1972 she launched a campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination, breaking another political barrier.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
| Mission type | Earth observation |
|---|---|
| Operator | ASI, ESA |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Manufacturer | Argotec (MS2-HEO) OHB Italia (MS1-EAGLET2) SITAEL S.p.A (HYP-PLATINO) Thales Alenia Space (SAR-NIMBUS & VHR-NIMBUS) D-Orbit (SAR-NOX) |
| Launch mass | 70 kg (150 lb) (MS2-HEO) 580 kg (1,280 lb) (SAR-NOX) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | First: 14 January 2025 (IRIDE-MS2-HEO 1) Last (recent): 1 October 2026 (IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 17-24) |
| Rocket | Falcon 9 Block 5 Vega-C |
| Launch site | Vandenberg, SLC-4E Kourou, ELV |
| Contractor | SpaceX Arianespace/Avio |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit |
| Regime | Sun-synchronous orbit |
IRIDE (Italian: Iniziative di Resilienza per l'Italia Dalle Emergenze, Initiatives for Italy's Resilience from Emergencies) is an Italian Earth observation satellite programme developed under the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR) and the National Complementary Plan (NCP). Coordinated by the European Space Agency (ESA) in collaboration with the Italian Space Agency (ASI), IRIDE aims to establish a comprehensive satellite constellation for environmental monitoring, disaster management, civil protection, security, and public administration support. The programme, involving over 73 Italian companies, is designed as a "constellation of constellations" with advanced sensor technologies.[1][2][3] IRIDE became operational on 1 July 2026.[4]
IRIDE's constellation is built on multiple platforms, enabling high-revisit rates, all-weather/day-night imaging, and versatile applications:
1) Hawk for Earth observation (HEO) platform, developed by Argotec involved in manufacturing 25 IRIDE satellites.[5]
2) EAGLET2 platform, developed by OHB Italia involved in manufacturing 24 IRIDE satellites.[6]
3) PLATINO bus, developed by SITAEL S.p.A with Hyperspectral Imaging payloads from Leonardo involved in manufacturing 5 IRIDE Satellites.[7]
4) NIMBUS platform, developed by Thales Alenia Space involved in manufacturing 12 SAR and one VHR IRIDE satellite[8][9]
5) one IRIDE-SAR-NOX satellite developed by D-Orbit for the IRIDE programme[10][11]
| Name | SATCAT | Launch
date (UTC) |
Launch
vehicle |
Inclination | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 1[12][13][14] | 62697 | 14 January 2025 | Falcon 9 Block 5 Transporter-12 |
98° | Operational |
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 2[15] | 64569 | 23 June 2025 | Falcon 9 Block 5 Transporter-14 |
Operational | |
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 3 | 64568 | Operational | |||
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 4 | 64582 | Operational | |||
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 5 | 64571 | Operational | |||
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 6 | 64576 | Operational | |||
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 8 | 64587 | Operational | |||
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 9 | 64585 | Operational | |||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 1[16] | 28 November 2025 | Falcon 9 Block 5 Transporter-15[17][18] |
Operational | ||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 2 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 3 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 4 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 5 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 6 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 7 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 8 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 9 | 30 March 2026 | Falcon 9 Block 5 Transporter-16[19][20][21][22] |
Operational | ||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 10 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 11 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 12 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 13 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 14 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 15 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 16 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 7 | 3 May 2026 | Falcon 9 Block 5 CAS500-2 rideshare[23][24][25][26] |
98.1°[24] | Operational | |
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 10 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 11 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 12 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 13 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 14 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS2-HEO 15 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 17 | 1 October 2026 | Falcon 9 Block 5 | Operational | ||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 18 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 19 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 20 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 21 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 22 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 23 | Operational | ||||
| IRIDE-MS1-EAGLET2 24 | Operational |
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
IRIDE (Italian: Iniziative di Resilienza per l'Italia Dalle Emergenze, Initiatives for Italy's Resilience from Emergencies) is an Italian Earth observation satellite programme developed under the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR) and the National Complementary Plan (NCP). Coordinated by the European Space Agency (ESA) in collaboration with the Italian Space Agency (ASI), IRIDE aims to establish a comprehensive satellite constellation for environmental monitoring, disaster management, civil protection, security, and public administration support. The programme, involving over 73 Italian companies, is designed as a "constellation of constellations" with advanced sensor technologies. IRIDE became operational on 1 July 2026.
Italian submarine Iride was a Perla-class submarine built for the Royal Italian Navy (Regia Marina) during the 1930s. Originally, she was named Iris until July 1936, but was renamed shortly before her launch.
Iride was a torpedo cruiser of the Partenope class built for the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) in the 1880s. Laid down in February 1889 at the Regio Cantiere di Castellammare di Stabia shipyard, she was launched in July 1890 and was commissioned in November 1892. Her main armament were her six torpedo tubes, which were supported by a battery of ten small-caliber guns. Iride spent most of her career in the main Italian fleet, where she was primarily occupied with training exercises. During the Italo-Turkish War in September 1911, she remained in Italian waters until late in the conflict; she escorted a troop convoy to North Africa in April 1912 and bombarded Ottoman positions in June and July. Iride was eventually broken up for scrap in December 1920.
Iride Bicycles is a brand of bicycles manufactured at the Gemmati Velocipedi factory, near the city of Venice, in the town of Teglio Veneto in northern Italy. It was established in 1919. The trademark was originated by Umberto Gemmati and continues to be produced by his grandson, Carlo Gemmati. The word iride refers to the spectrum of colors in the champion flag, and is pronounced like the root of the word iridescent.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Mae Jemison, aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1992.