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| Gurmukhi | |
|---|---|
| Range | U+0A00..U+0A7F (128 code points) |
| Plane | BMP |
| Scripts | Gurmukhi |
| Major alphabets | Punjabi |
| Assigned | 80 code points |
| Unused | 48 reserved code points |
| Source standards | ISCII |
| Unicode Version History | |
| 1.0.0 (1991) | 74 (+74) |
| 1.1 (1993) | 75 (+1) |
| 4.0 (2003) | 77 (+2) |
| 5.1 (2008) | 79 (+2) |
| 11.0 (2018) | 80 (+1) |
| Unicode documentation | |
| Code chart ∣ Web page | |
| Note: [1][2][3] | |

Gurmukhi is a Unicode block containing characters for the Punjabi language, in the Gurmukhi script. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0A02..U+0A4C were a direct copy of the Gurmukhi characters A2-EC from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari, Bengali, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
| Gurmukhi[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+0A0x | ਁ | ਂ | ਃ | ਅ | ਆ | ਇ | ਈ | ਉ | ਊ | ਏ | ||||||
| U+0A1x | ਐ | ਓ | ਔ | ਕ | ਖ | ਗ | ਘ | ਙ | ਚ | ਛ | ਜ | ਝ | ਞ | ਟ | ||
| U+0A2x | ਠ | ਡ | ਢ | ਣ | ਤ | ਥ | ਦ | ਧ | ਨ | ਪ | ਫ | ਬ | ਭ | ਮ | ਯ | |
| U+0A3x | ਰ | ਲ | ਲ਼ | ਵ | ਸ਼ | ਸ | ਹ | ਼ | ਾ | ਿ | ||||||
| U+0A4x | ੀ | ੁ | ੂ | ੇ | ੈ | ੋ | ੌ | ੍ | ||||||||
| U+0A5x | ੑ | ਖ਼ | ਗ਼ | ਜ਼ | ੜ | ਫ਼ | ||||||||||
| U+0A6x | ੦ | ੧ | ੨ | ੩ | ੪ | ੫ | ੬ | ੭ | ੮ | ੯ | ||||||
| U+0A7x | ੰ | ੱ | ੲ | ੳ | ੴ | ੵ | ੶ | |||||||||
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||
The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Gurmukhi block:
| Version | Final code points[a] | Count | UTC ID | L2 ID | WG2 ID | Document |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0.0 | U+0A02, 0A05..0A0A, 0A0F..0A10, 0A13..0A28, 0A2A..0A30, 0A32..0A33, 0A35..0A36, 0A38..0A39, 0A3C, 0A3E..0A42, 0A47..0A48, 0A4B..0A4C, 0A59..0A5C, 0A5E, 0A66..0A74 | 74 | UTC/1991-056 | Whistler, Ken, Indic Charts: Devanagari, Bengali, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam | ||
| UTC/1991-057 | Whistler, Ken, Indic names list | |||||
| UTC/1991-048B | Whistler, Ken (1991-03-27), "III. L. Walk In proposals", Draft Minutes from the UTC meeting #46 day 2, 3/27 at Apple | |||||
| L2/01-303 | Vikas, Om (2001-07-26), Letter from the Government from India on "Draft for Unicode Standard for Indian Scripts" | |||||
| L2/01-304 | Feedback on Unicode Standard 3.0, 2001-08-02 | |||||
| L2/01-305 | McGowan, Rick (2001-08-08), Draft UTC Response to L2/01-304, "Feedback on Unicode Standard 3.0" | |||||
| L2/01-430R | McGowan, Rick (2001-11-20), UTC Response to L2/01-304, "Feedback on Unicode Standard 3.0" | |||||
| L2/05-371R | Sidhu, Sukhjinder (2005-11-30), Gurmukhi annotations | |||||
| L2/06-008R2 | Moore, Lisa (2006-02-13), "C.8", UTC #106 Minutes | |||||
| L2/20-055 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2020-01-16), Proposed sequences for composition exclusions | |||||
| L2/20-015R | Moore, Lisa (2020-05-14), "B.13.1.1 Proposed sequences for composition exclusions", Draft Minutes of UTC Meeting 162 | |||||
| 1.1 | U+0A4D | 1 | (to be determined) | |||
| 4.0 | U+0A01, 0A03 | 2 | L2/01-431R[b] | McGowan, Rick (2001-11-08), Actions for UTC and Editorial Committee in response to L2/01-430R | ||
| L2/01-405R | Moore, Lisa (2001-12-12), "Consensus 89-C19", Minutes from the UTC/L2 meeting in Mountain View, November 6-9, 2001, Accept the twelve Indic characters with names and coding positions as documented in L2/01-431R | |||||
| L2/02-117 | N2425 | McGowan, Rick (2002-03-21), Additional Characters for Indic Scripts | ||||
| L2/03-102 | Vikas, Om (2003-03-04), Unicode Standard for Indic Scripts | |||||
| L2/03-101.4 | Proposed Changes in Indic Scripts [Gurmukhi document], 2003-03-04 | |||||
| 5.1 | U+0A51 | 1 | L2/05-088R | Sidhu, Sukhjinder (2005-04-21), Proposed Changes to Gurmukhi | ||
| L2/05-167 | Sidhu, Sukhjinder (2005-08-01), Proposed Changes to Gurmukhi 2 | |||||
| L2/05-180 | Moore, Lisa (2005-08-17), "Gurmukhi (C.6)", UTC #104 Minutes | |||||
| L2/05-344 | Sidhu, Sukhjinder (2005-10-27), Proposed changes to Gurmukhi 3 | |||||
| L2/05-279 | Moore, Lisa (2005-11-10), "C.14", UTC #105 Minutes | |||||
| L2/05-384 | N3021 | Sidhu, Sukhjinder (2005-12-18), Proposal to encode Gurmukhi 3 | ||||
| L2/06-020 | McGowan, Rick (2006-01-25), Public Review Issue #82: Representation of Gurmukhi Double Vowels | |||||
| L2/06-030 | Sidhu, Sukhjinder (2006-01-27), "E", Proposed Changes to Gurmukhi 4 | |||||
| L2/06-008R2 | Moore, Lisa (2006-02-13), "B.11.5, C.8", UTC #106 Minutes | |||||
| N3103 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2006-08-25), "M48.25a", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 48, Mountain View, CA, USA; 2006-04-24/27 | |||||
| U+0A75 | 1 | L2/06-008R2 | Moore, Lisa (2006-02-13), "C.8", UTC #106 Minutes | |||
| L2/06-037R | N3073 | Sidhu, Sukhjinder (2006-04-07), Proposal to encode Gurmukhi Sign Yakash | ||||
| N3103 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2006-08-25), "M48.25b", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 48, Mountain View, CA, USA; 2006-04-24/27 | |||||
| L2/16-294 | Singh, Sarabveer (2016-10-27), Changes to Gurmukhi 10 | |||||
| L2/16-302 | Sharma, Shriramana (2016-10-28), Feedback on L2/16-294 on Gurmukhi | |||||
| L2/16-327 | McGowan, Rick (2016-11-07), "Feedback on L2/16-294 (Gurmukhi)", Comments on Public Review Issues (July 27 - Nov 7, 2016) | |||||
| L2/16-342 | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu (2016-11-07), "4", Recommendations to UTC #149 November 2016 on Script Proposals | |||||
| L2/16-325 | Moore, Lisa (2016-11-18), "D.4 (later rescinded)", UTC #149 Minutes | |||||
| L2/16-380 | Singh, Manvir (2016-12-09), Feedback on L2/16-294 | |||||
| L2/16-384 | Singh, Sarabveer (2016-12-13), Feedback on L2/16-380 | |||||
| L2/17-037 | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai; Ishida, Richard; Misra, Karan; McGowan, Rick (2017-01-21), "5. Gurmukhi", Recommendations to UTC #150 January 2017 on Script Proposals | |||||
| L2/17-016 | Moore, Lisa (2017-02-08), "Consensus 150-C13", UTC #150 Minutes, Retain the current glyph in the code charts for Yakash, U+0A75, rescinding the decision documented under D.4.1 in the UTC #149 minutes. | |||||
| 11.0 | U+0A76 | 1 | L2/16-209R | A, Srinidhi; A, Sridatta (2016-07-25), Proposal to Encode an Abbreviation Sign for Gurmukhi | ||
| L2/16-203 | Moore, Lisa (2016-08-18), "D.9", UTC #148 Minutes | |||||
| N4873R (pdf, doc) | "M65.08f", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 65, 2018-03-16 | |||||
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Gurmukhi is a Unicode block containing characters for the Punjabi language, in the Gurmukhi script. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0A02..U+0A4C were a direct copy of the Gurmukhi characters A2-EC from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari, Bengali, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
Oriya is a Unicode block containing characters for the Odia, Khondi and Santali languages of the state of Odisha in India. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0B01..U+0B4D were a direct copy of the Odia characters A1-ED from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari, Bengali, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings. Odia script combines symbols into hundreds of consonant ligatures.
Indian Script Code for Information Interchange (ISCII) is a coding scheme for representing various writing systems of India. It encodes the main Indic scripts and a Roman transliteration. The supported scripts are: Bengali–Assamese, Devanagari, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Kannada, Malayalam, Odia, Tamil, and Telugu. ISCII does not encode the writing systems of India that are based on Persian, but its writing system switching codes nonetheless provide for Kashmiri, Sindhi, Urdu, Persian, Pashto and Arabic. The Persian-based writing systems were subsequently encoded in the PASCII encoding. ISCII has not been widely used outside certain government institutions, although a variant without the ATR mechanism was used on classic Mac OS, Mac OS Devanagari, and it has now been rendered largely obsolete by Unicode. Unicode uses a separate block for each Indic writing system, and largely preserves the ISCII layout within each block.
Devanagari is a Unicode block containing characters for writing languages such as Hindi, Marathi, Bhojpuri, Rajasthani, Bodo, Maithili, Sindhi, Nepali, and Sanskrit, among others. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0900..U+0954 were a direct copy of the characters A0-F4 from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Bengali, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
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