Civil Rights
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Black History Portal
THE BHP WIRE —
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Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Innovation, patents, science, technology and world-changing contributions.
Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.
Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
Black towns, communities, institutions and places where history happened.
Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.
In August 1908, a white mob attacked Springfield, Illinois’s Black community, destroying homes and businesses and lynching two Black men. National outrage over the violence helped spur the movement that created the NAACP the following year.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
IVD may refer to:
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
IVD may refer to: Induced vaginal delivery, a method of birth where labor is artificially induced Instantaneous voltage droop, a concern in power distribution in electrical and electronic systems Instrumental vaginal delivery, a method of birth with assistance from a medical instrument Intra-Vas Device, a device used in vas-occlusive contraception, a method of contraception for males Intervertebral disc, a component of the spine IVD, a human gene for production of Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase Intake valve deposits, deposits which may form on a Poppet valve intake In vitro diagnostics, a category of medical tests Ideographic Variation Database, a database of Unicode's ideographic variation sequences
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A is a Unicode block containing rare Han ideographs submitted to the Ideographic Research Group between 1992 and 1998, plus ten ideographs added in Unicode 13.0 which had previously been mistakenly unified with others. The block has dozens of variation sequences defined for standardized variants. It also has thousands of ideographic variation sequences registered in the Unicode Ideographic Variation Database (IVD). These sequences specify the desired glyph variant for a given Unicode character.
A variant form is an alternate glyph for a character, encoded in Unicode through the mechanism of variation sequences: sequences in Unicode that consist of a base character followed by a variation selector character. A variant form usually has a very similar appearance and meaning as its base form. The mechanism is intended for variant forms where, generally, if the variant form is unavailable, displaying the base character does not change the meaning of the text, and may not even be noticeable to many readers. Unicode defines two types of variation sequences: Standardized variation sequences defined in StandardizedVariants.txt Ideographic variation sequences defined in the Ideographic Variation Database (IVD) Variation selector characters reside in several Unicode blocks: Variation Selectors (16 characters abbreviated VS1–VS16) Variation Selectors Supplement (240 characters abbreviated VS17–VS256) Mongolian (4 characters abbreviated FVS1–FVS4) Variation selectors are not required for Arabic and Latin cursive characters, where substitution of glyphs can occur based on context: glyphs may be connected together depending on whether the character is the initial character in a word, the final character, a medial character or an isolated character. These types of glyph substitution are easily handled by the context of the character with no other authoring input involved. Authors may also use special-purpose characters such as joiners and non-joiners to force an alternate form of glyph where it would not otherwise appear. Ligatures are similar instances where glyphs may be substituted simply by turning ligatures on or off as a rich text attribute. For other glyph substitution, the author's intent may need to be encoded with the text and cannot be determined contextually. This is the case with character/glyphs referred to as gaiji, where different glyphs are used for the same character either historically or for ideographs for family names. This is one of the gray areas in distinguishing between a glyph and a character: If a family name differs slightly from the ideograph character it derives from, then is that a simple glyph variant or a character variant? Character substitutions may also occur outside of Unicode, for example with OpenType Layout tags.
CJK Unified Ideographs is a Unicode block containing the most common CJK ideographs used in modern Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese characters. When contrasted with other blocks containing CJK Unified Ideographs, it is also referred to as the Unified Repertoire and Ordering (URO). The block has hundreds of variation sequences defined for standardized variants. It also has tens of thousands of ideographic variation sequences registered in the Unicode Ideographic Variation Database (IVD). These sequences specify the desired glyph variant for a given Unicode character.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.
