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Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Innovation, patents, science, technology and world-changing contributions.
Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.
Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
Black towns, communities, institutions and places where history happened.
Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.
Katherine Johnson’s mathematical calculations helped guide some of America’s most important early space missions while she confronted the racial and gender barriers faced by Black women in twentieth-century America.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
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Intelligence studies is an interdisciplinary academic field that concerns intelligence assessment and intelligence analysis. Intelligence has been referred to as the "lost dimension" of the fields of international relations (IR) and diplomatic history, as the secretive nature of the subject means most intelligence successes are unknown.[1]
Among the academic journals concentrating on the subject are the Intelligence and National Security and International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence while other periodicals in the fields of IR and security studies, such as International Security, publish articles concerned with intelligence studies regularly.
Many universities, such as Aberystwyth, teach intelligence studies as an independent degree or as part of courses in IR, security studies, military science or related subjects.[2]
In Sri Lanka, the Bandaranaike Academy for Leadership and Public Policy (BALPP) launched the country's first public programme in intelligence studies in 2025, introducing the subject as a formal area of study for participants outside the country's intelligence and security services. [3][4]
Until recently, IR scholars had limited interest in intelligence assessment. Even historical strategists such as Clausewitz and Machiavelli paid scant attention to intelligence.[5] In British universities, intelligence studies developed within international history departments, while in US institutions it became the preserve of political science, and even then the subject was approached in terms of public policy and decision-making rather than IR.[6] Recently attempts to connect intelligence studies with international relations theory have emerged, such as Andrew Rathmell's work on a postmodern theory of intelligence.[6]
According to a 2020 forum in International Studies Review, there are five factors that have generally been important in the development of intelligence studies subfields in different countries: "access to relevant government information, institutionalization of research on intelligence and security in a higher education setting, periodic scientific meetings and networks, teaching and learning opportunities, and engagement between researchers and practitioners."[7]
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Intelligence studies is an interdisciplinary academic field that concerns intelligence assessment and intelligence analysis. Intelligence has been referred to as the "lost dimension" of the fields of international relations (IR) and diplomatic history, as the secretive nature of the subject means most intelligence successes are unknown.
The Ridge College of Intelligence Studies and Applied Sciences at Mercyhurst University (RIAP), located on the campus of Mercyhurst University in Erie, Pennsylvania, offers undergraduate and graduate studies programs in intelligence analysis. The program also offers graduate certificates in Applied Intelligence, Counterintelligence, and Law Enforcement Intelligence. The Intelligence Studies program "promotes the study of Intelligence in higher academic settings, while seeking to identify, promote, and employ best practices in the study and application of intelligence studies throughout its various disciplines (national security, law enforcement, business intelligence and academia)."
Studies in Intelligence is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal on intelligence that is published by the Center for the Study of Intelligence, a group within the United States Central Intelligence Agency. It contains both classified and unclassified articles on the methodology and history of the field of intelligence gathering. The journal was established by Sherman Kent in 1955. According to Kent, intelligence "has developed a recognized methodology; it has developed a vocabulary; it has developed a body of theory and doctrine; it has elaborate and refined techniques. It now has a large professional following. What it lacks is a literature.... The most important service that such a literature performs is the permanent recording of our new ideas and experiences." Copies of unclassified and declassified articles from Studies in Intelligence are held at the National Archives' College Park, Maryland location as part of the Records of the Central Intelligence Agency (Record Group 263).
The intelligence field, also known as the intelligence business, the intelligence establishment, the intelligence complex, the intelligence industry, the field of intelligence, or the business of intelligence is the global industry revolving around intelligence in all of its forms. The intelligence field is composed of people, groups, and organizations who deal—directly or indirectly—with intelligence, and/or support those people that do. This industry contains; lawyers (not only those practicing intelligence law), professors and academics (not just those in intelligence studies), diplomats, biologists, chemists, astronomers, photographers, videographers, information technology specialists, historians, economists, data scientists, graphic designers, psychologists and profilers, essayists, intelligence analysts, c-suite executives, hackers, coders, and software developers, among others. Individuals employed by intelligence organizations are usually fully employed officers of intelligence agencies called intelligence officers. Those persons popularly called "spies" make up only a small part of the intelligence field—so small that some scholars have even argued that the work of spying, called espionage, is anachronistic and unnecessary in the modern intelligence field. In other words, just as not everyone in the film industry is an actor, not everyone in the intelligence field is a spy, or even deals with intelligence. In sum, Hager Ben Jaffel and Sebastian Larsson write: ...doing intelligence today could mean anything from informing high politics and producing risk assessments, to dealing with the mundanities of the everyday labor of law enforcement, to managing vast databases involving intricate computerized surveillance solutions. One derogatory term that has been used to describe the intelligence field, especially in the United States, is the intelligence-industrial complex.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.
