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GREENWOOD / BLACK WALL STREET WILMINGTON 1898 LITTLE ROCK NINE TUSKEGEE STUDY ROSEWOOD 1923 THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN SENECA VILLAGE BLACK TOWNS GREENWOOD / BLACK WALL STREET WILMINGTON 1898 LITTLE ROCK NINE TUSKEGEE STUDY ROSEWOOD 1923 THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN SENECA VILLAGE BLACK TOWNS
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THE JOURNEY THROUGH TIME
BHP HOME BEFORE AMERICA 1800–1936 1937–1957 1958–1980 1981–2000 2001–PRESENT

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Events

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MY'STORY

The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
The Truths They Never Taught You...

The Violence That Helped Spark the NAACP

In August 1908, a white mob attacked Springfield, Illinois’s Black community, destroying homes and businesses and lynching two Black men. National outrage over the violence helped spur the movement that created the NAACP the following year.

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BHP gathered finds from its connected research sources. Showing the 4 strongest Black History matches.
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NMAAHC

Combat boots worn by Andre M. Jones during the Iraq War

Date
2003
Manufactured by
Belleville Shoe Manufacturing Company, American, founded 1904
Worn by
Andre M. Jones
Subject of
National Guard of the United States, American, founded 1903
547th Transportation Company, American
Description
Pair of tan desert combat boots manufactured by Belleville Shoe Manufacturing Co. Boots are 390 DES Hot Weather Combat Boot. Boots have tan shoe laces, with tan rubber sole. Leather and nylon body. White tag on the inside of each boot has black type that reads, [390DES/08.5 R/6119587]. Silver type appears on heel of each boot reads, [BELLEVILLE]. Type imprinted in bottom of rubber sole reads, [vibram].
Belleville Shoe Manufacturing Co.; Vibram S.p.A
Place used
Al-Fallujah, Al Anbar, Iraq, Middle East, Asia
Topic
African American
Clothing and dress
Iraq War, 2003-2011
Military
See more items in
National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Classification
Clothing - Military Uniforms
Exhibition
Double Victory: The African American Military Experience
On View
NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053
Credit Line
Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Andre M. Jones
Data Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Object number
2014.245.5ab
Type
boots
Restrictions & Rights
No Known Copyright Restrictions
Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.
Medium
leather, nylon, rubber, metal
Dimensions
left boot: 9 7/8 × 4 3/8 × 11 7/8 in. (25.1 × 11.1 × 30.2 cm)
right boot: 9 7/8 × 4 3/8 × 11 7/8 in. (25.1 × 11.1 × 30.2 cm)
Title
Object Name • Combat boots worn by Andre M. Jones during the Iraq War
Record ID
nmaahc_2014.245.5ab
Museum
NMAAHC
Title Sort
COMBAT BOOTS WORN BY ANDRE M. JONES DURING THE IRAQ WAR
Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Metadata Usage
CC0
Date
2000s
Name
National Guard of the United States • Jones, Andre M. • Belleville Shoe Manufacturing Company • 547th Transportation Company
Place
Middle East • Asia • Iraq • Al-Fallujah • Al Anbar
Topic
Iraq War, 2003-2011 • Clothing and dress • Military
Culture
African Americans
Exhibition
NMAAHC • Double Victory: The African American Military Experience
Geo Location
City • Al-Fallujah • State • Al Anbar • Country • Iraq • Region • Middle East • Continent • Asia
Type
Boots
On Physical Exhibit
Yes
Online Media Type
Images
Online Media Rights
No Known Copyright Restrictions

Media

Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture, Smithsonian Institution. Rights and restrictions shown above are supplied by the Smithsonian record.

NMAAHC

Map of Al-Fallujah, Iraq used by Andre M. Jones during the Iraq War

Date: Date

Description

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NMAAHC

Combat boots worn by Andre M. Jones during the Iraq War

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NMAAHC

General Lloyd J. Austin III, Commander, United States Central Command and former Commanding General, United States Forces – Iraq

Date: Date

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NMAAHC

Shirt worn by Andre M. Jones during the Iraq War

Date: Date

Description

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Which Black woman became the first elected to the United States Congress?

Shirley Chisholm, elected in 1968.