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Katherine Johnson’s mathematical calculations helped guide some of America’s most important early space missions while she confronted the racial and gender barriers faced by Black women in twentieth-century America.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
Issachar | |
|---|---|
יִשָּׂשכָר | |
 Painting by Francisco de Zurbarán (from Jacob and his twelve sons, c. 1640–45) | |
| Pronunciation | /ˈɪ.səˌkɑːr/ |
| Born | 4 or 10 Av |
| Died | (aged 122) |
Resting place | maybe in Sidon[citation needed] |
| Spouse | Aridah |
| Children | Tola (son) Puah (son) Jashub (son) Shimron (son) [1] |
| Parents | |
| Relatives | Reuben (brother) Simeon (brother) Levi (brother) Judah (brother) Dan (half brother) Naphtali (half brother) Gad (half brother) Asher (half brother) Zebulun (brother) Dinah (sister) Joseph (half brother) Benjamin (half brother) Rachel (aunt/stepmother) |
Issachar (Hebrew: יִשָּׂשכָר, romanized: Yiśśāḵār, lit. 'There is reward')[2][3][4] was, according to the Book of Genesis, Jacob's ninth son, the fifth of the six sons of Jacob and Leah, and the founder of the Israelite Tribe of Issachar. However, some Biblical scholars view this as an eponymous metaphor providing an aetiology of the connectedness of the tribe to others in the Israelite confederation.[5]
The story of Issachar's birth is linked to an account of some mandrakes which Reuben, Jacob's oldest son, had brought home. Rachel, Jacob's favourite wife, takes some of the mandrakes in exchange for giving Leah, his first wife, the opportunity to sleep with Jacob. Leah becomes pregnant and she gives her child the name "Issachar" in Genesis 30:18, where she states that "God has given me my wages for giving my maidservant to my husband".[6] His name reflects the Hebrew words yesh sakar, meaning there is a reward. But the earlier verse Genesis 30:16 also has the Hebrew words ish sakar, meaning man of hire, in Leah's invitation to her husband: tonight, "you must have intercourse with me, because I have hired you with my son's mandrakes".[7] Thus both verses 16 and 18 are seen by scholars as containing words which explain the derivation of the name "Issachar".[8]
William F. Albright notes that the name Issachar finds a rich parallel in the name of a Semitic slave recorded in the Eighteenth Dynasty Egypt derived from the Semitic root ś-k-r "favorable, favor". The causative *Yašaśkir, which constitutes the protoform of "Issachar", would mean approximately "May (God) Grant Favor".[9]
Leah's status as the first wife of Jacob is regarded by biblical scholars looking at the biblical account as indicating that the authors saw the tribe of Issachar as being one of the original Israelite groups;[10] however, this may have been the result of a scribal error, as the names of Issachar and Naphtali appear to have changed places elsewhere in the text, and the birth narrative of Issachar and Naphtali is regarded by textual scholars as having been spliced together from its sources in a manner which has highly corrupted the narrative.[11][5]
In classical rabbinical literature, it is stated that Issachar was born on the fourth of Av, and lived 122 years.[10] According to the midrashic Book of Jasher, Issachar married Aridah, the younger daughter of Jobab, a son of Joktan; the Torah states that Issachar had four sons, who were born in Canaan and migrated with him to Egypt,[1] with their descendants remaining there until the Exodus.[12] The midrashic Book of Jasher portrays Issachar as somewhat pragmatic, due to his strong effort in being more learned, less involved with other matters which led him to such actions like taking a feeble part in military campaigns involving his brothers, and generally residing in strongly fortified cities and, depending on his brother Zebulun's financial support in return for a share in the spiritual reward he gains.[10]
The Talmud argues that Issachar's description in the Blessing of Jacob - Issachar is a strong ass lying down between two burdens: and he saw that settled life was good, and the land was pleasant; and bowed his shoulder to bear, and became a servant unto tribute[13] - is a reference to the religious scholarship of the tribe of Issachar, though scholars feel that it may more simply be a literal interpretation of Issachar's name.[14]
Some Muslim genealogists link Shuayb to Abraham through both Sarah and Keturah by making Shuayb's genealogy to be Shuayb b. Isaachar b. Midian b. Abraham.[15]
A Samaritan tradition recorded in the late 19th century considered Neby Hazkil near Rameh to be the burial place of Issachar.[16]
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Issachar (Hebrew: יִשָּׂשכָר, romanized: Yiśśāḵār, lit. 'There is reward') was, according to the Book of Genesis, Jacob's ninth son, the fifth of the six sons of Jacob and Leah, and the founder of the Israelite Tribe of Issachar. However, some Biblical scholars view this as an eponymous metaphor providing an aetiology of the connectedness of the tribe to others in the Israelite confederation.
Issachar Ber Ryback, also Riback (Іссахар-Бер Рибак; 2 February 1897, in Yelisavetgrad, Russian Empire (today Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine) – 22 December 1935, in Paris) was a Jewish-Ukrainian-French painter.
Issachar Baer ben Samuel Berenstein (1808, Groningen – 16 December 1893, The Hague) was a Dutch rabbi. He was the son of Rabbi Samuel Berenstein, Chief Rabbi of Amsterdam, and was a dayyan of that town at the time of his father's death in 1838, continuing in that position for the following ten years. In 1848 he became Chief Rabbi of The Hague, succeeding Rabbi Joseph Asher Lehmans, who had died six years before. He held the latter position for forty-five years, during which time he contributed much to the building up of communal institutions, such as an orphan asylum and a Jewish hospital; he was also the organizer of a Jewish historical and literary society. Berenstein's services were recognized by the government, and he was decorated with the insignia of the Order of the Golden Lion.
In April 2019 in Sheremetyevo International Airport, Russian authorities arrested Israeli-American Naama Issachar (Hebrew: נעמה יששכר), a transit passenger flying from India to Israel, for alleged drug smuggling after some 10 grams (⅓ oz) of marijuana or hashish were found in her bag during a stopover in Moscow. On 11 October 2019, a Russian court sentenced her to seven and a half years in prison on drug possession and smuggling charges. Issachar's family and Israeli officials said that Russia told them she would be released if Aleksey Burkov (Russian: Алексей Бурков), a Russian national pending extradition from Israel to the United States on suspicion of committing cyber crimes, was released to Russia. Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu subsequently personally requested from Russian president Vladimir Putin a pardon for Issachar, which Putin said he would consider. Israel's High Court ultimately rejected Burkov's appeal against his extradition, leading Russia to condemn the decision as "a breach ... of Israel's international obligations", stating that the decision "does not contribute to the development of [Russian-Israeli] relations". On 19 October 2019, rallies were held in Tel Aviv and New York City calling for Issachar's release. Billboards were put up in Israel calling on Putin to "please bring Naama home." In December 2019, the Israeli Justice Ministry transferred the historical Alexander's Courtyard in Jerusalem to the Putin-allied Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society from the competing Imperial Orthodox Palestine Historic Society, which many commentators linked to negotiating Issachar's release. On 29 January 2020, Putin signed her pardon. Her attorney previously noted that no convicted foreigner was ever pardoned by a Russian president before.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →The Greenwood District.
