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Mansa Musa was the ruler of the Mali Empire in West Africa. Details recorded here should be sourced; unknown information is left blank.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
| Metview | |
|---|---|
 Logo of Metview | |
| Developer | European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) |
| Release | 1991 |
| Stable release | 5.23.0
/ 2 October 2024 |
| Written in | C++ (Qt), C, Python |
| Operating system | Linux, macOS |
| Available in | British English |
| Type | Scientific visualization |
| License | Apache |
| Website | metview |
Metview is a meteorological workstation and batch system developed at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF).[1]
Development began at ECMWF in 1990 in co-operation with the National Institute for Space Research of Brazil and Météo-France.[2]
| Year | Version | Changes |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | Announcement | Announcement at EGOWS[3] |
| 1991 | First prototype | Batch system at National Institute for Space Research |
| 1993 | 1.0 | First batch and user interface |
| 1998 | 2.0 | Use of OpenGL for interactive visualisation |
| 2000 | 3.0 | New user interface (Motif) |
| 2010 | 4.0 | Upgrade to Magics++ graphics library;[4] released as Open-source software under Apache License[5] |
| 2014 | 4.5 | New user interface based on Qt version 4 |
| 2018 | 5.0 | Switch to Qt version 5, improved plot window and new Python interface |
Metview has an icon based graphical user interface, where any aspect of a meteorological (graphical) product is expressed in an icon. Users can prototype a visualisation by dragging and dropping icons in the plot area.
Metview offers also various tools to explore and display the content of meteorological file formats, such as GRIdded Binary or General Regularly-distributed Information in Binary form (GRIB), Binary Universal Form for the Representation of meteorological data (BUFR), Network Common Data Form (NetCDF), and OpenDocument Database Front End Document Format (ODB).
The Macro language is designed as a high-level programming language to allow analysts and scientists to concentrate on the work and processing flow being developed.
# Metview Macro
# reading GRIB files through the read() function
a = read(mygrib1.grb)
b = read(mygrib2.grb)
# calculating the differences between two fields
c = a-b
# plotting the result
plot(c)
In 2017 a Python version of the macro language was developed.[6]
Metview supports the various meteorological data formats as input and output formats: GRIB (editions 1 and 2), BUFR,[7] NetCDF, ODB (ECMWF Observation Database),[8] Local databases and ASCII data files (comma-separated values, grids and scattered data)
All major developments are made at the Development Section at ECMWF. Most of the code is in C++ and the code is versioned in git. CMake is used as build system.
Metview makes use of other software packages developed at ECMWF. Metview is an extended MARS client,[9] and uses ecCodes[10] for GRIB and BUFR handling and Magics[11] for contouring and visualisation.
Metview is distributed mainly as a source code tar file, termed a tarball, under an Apache License version 2.0. There are plans to distribute the code on GitHub.
Binary versions of Metview are available in conda (through the conda-forge channel), in Ubuntu[12] and MacPorts.[13] RPMs for major Linux distribution are provided on the Open Build Service.[14]
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Metview is a meteorological workstation and batch system developed at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF).
GRIB (GRIdded Binary or General Regularly-distributed Information in Binary form) is a concise data format commonly used in meteorology to store historical and forecast weather data. It is standardized by the World Meteorological Organization's Commission for Basic Systems, known under number GRIB FM 92-IX, described in WMO Manual on Codes No.306. Currently there are three versions of GRIB. Version 0 was used to a limited extent by projects such as TOGA, and is no longer in operational use. The first edition (current sub-version is 2) is used operationally worldwide by most meteorological centers, for Numerical Weather Prediction output (NWP). A newer generation has been introduced, known as GRIB second edition, and data is slowly changing over to this format. Some of the second-generation GRIB is used for derived products distributed in the Eumetcast of Meteosat Second Generation. Another example is the NAM (North American Mesoscale) model.
The Binary Universal Form for the Representation of meteorological data (BUFR) is a binary data format maintained by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The latest version is BUFR Edition 4. BUFR Edition 3 is also considered current for operational use. BUFR was created in 1988 with the goal of replacing the WMO's dozens of character-based, position-driven meteorological codes, such as SYNOP (surface observations), TEMP (upper air soundings) and CLIMAT (monthly climatological data). BUFR was designed to be portable, compact, and universal. Any kind of data can be represented, along with its specific spatial/temporal context and any other associated metadata. In the WMO terminology, BUFR belongs to the category of table-driven code forms, where the meaning of data elements is determined by referring to a set of tables that are kept and maintained separately from the message itself. BUFR is a complex format that can be difficult to use and it presents some weaknesses. The introduction of BUFR format led to data "disparition" and many formatting errors.
NetCDF (Network Common Data Form) is a set of software libraries and self-describing, machine-independent data formats that support the creation, access, and sharing of array-oriented scientific data. The project homepage is hosted by the Unidata program at the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR). They are also the chief source of netCDF software, standards development, updates, etc. The format is an open standard. NetCDF Classic and 64-bit Offset Format are an international standard of the Open Geospatial Consortium.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Mae Jemison, aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1992.