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THE JOURNEY THROUGH TIME

Explore Black History

Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.

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Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.

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Events

Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.

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MY'STORY

The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
The Truths They Never Taught You...

Ruler of the Mali Empire in the 14th century

Mansa Musa was the ruler of the Mali Empire in West Africa. Details recorded here should be sourced; unknown information is left blank.

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BHP gathered finds from its connected research sources. Showing the 4 strongest Black History matches.
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NMAAHC

Mattie P. Morrison Holmes Oral History Interview

Date
2022
Description
An oral history interview with Mrs. Mattie Payne Morrison Holmes. It consists of a single MOV file (.mov). The interview was captured at her home in Dublin, Virginia, on May 26, 2022, as part of the NMAAHC Collection Donor Oral History Collection. Ms. Holmes donated a collection of objects related to the military service of her father, George Emmett Morrison, Sr., who served in the 367th Infantry, 92nd Division, during World War I.
The interview begins with a discussion of Mrs. Morrison Holmes’s early life in Dublin and her educational experiences in segregated schools in Dublin, Pulaski, and Christiansburg, Virginia. Mrs. Morrison Holmes also recounts how her family lost a portion of their land, including their family home, when a state highway was re-routed through their property. Throughout the interview, Mrs. Morrison Holmes talks about different dimensions of her father’s life: his role in the family, his business activities and status in the community, and his service in World War I. She also talks about the panoramas she donated to the Museum. She discusses her lifelong involvement with her church (first, Mt. Pleasant Methodist, and later, Dublin United Methodist) and her work organizing family reunions. Toward the end of the interview, Mrs. Morrison Holmes reflects on what she would like people to know about her parents and how she would like to be remembered. She also recalls the difficulties she had securing medical care for her son, due to segregation in medical facilities, when she discovered he had polio as a child. In conclusion, Mrs. Morrison Holmes discusses contemporary racial tensions.
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National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title
The Collection Donor Oral History Project
Classification
Time-based Media - Moving Images
Credit Line
Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
Data Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Object number
2024.50.1.1
Type
oral histories
digital media - born digital
sound films
color films (visual works)
Restrictions & Rights
© Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.
Medium
digital
Dimensions
Duration: 59 min., 44 sec.
File size (Total): 36.8 GB
Title
Title • Mattie P. Morrison Holmes Oral History Interview
Record ID
nmaahc_2024.50.1.1
Museum
NMAAHC
Title Sort
MATTIE P. MORRISON HOLMES ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEW
Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Metadata Usage
CC0
Date
1920s • 2020s • 1914-1918
Geo Location
City • Dublin • County • Pulaski County • State • Virginia • Country • United States • Continent • North and Central America • City • Pulaski • City • Christiansburg • County • Montgomery County
Online Media Rights
Copyright Owned

Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture, Smithsonian Institution. Rights and restrictions shown above are supplied by the Smithsonian record.

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NMAAHC

Portrait of Mattie P. Morrison Holmes

Date: Date

Description

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NMAAHC

Mattie P. Morrison Holmes Oral History Interview

Date: Date

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NMAAHC

Raw camera files for Brenda Holmes and Mattie P. Holmes oral history interviews

Date: Date

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NMAAHC

Mess spoon used during World War II by George Morrison, Jr.

Date: Date

Description

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Which Supreme Court case ruled state-sponsored public-school segregation unconstitutional?

Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.