Civil Rights
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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THE BHP WIRE —
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Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Innovation, patents, science, technology and world-changing contributions.
Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.
Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
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In 1968 Shirley Chisholm became the first Black woman elected to the United States Congress. In 1972 she launched a campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination, breaking another political barrier.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
| NGC 3312 | |
|---|---|
 legacy surveys image of NGC 3312 | |
| Observation data (J2000 epoch) | |
| Constellation | Hydra |
| Right ascension | 10h 37m 02.5s[1] |
| Declination | −27° 33′ 54″[1] |
| Redshift | 0.009627[1] |
| Heliocentric radial velocity | 2886 km/s[1] |
| Distance | 194 Mly (59.4 Mpc)[1] |
| Group or cluster | Hydra Cluster |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 12.68[1] |
| Characteristics | |
| Type | SA(s)b pec?, Jellyfish, LINER[1] |
| Size | 235,000 ly (72.12 kpc) (estimated)[1] |
| Apparent size (V) | 3.3 x 1.3[1] |
| Other designations | |
| IC 629, ESO 501-43, AM 1034-271, IRAS 10346-2718, MCG -4-25-39, PGC 31513[1] | |
NGC 3312 is a large[2] and highly inclined[3] spiral galaxy[4] located about 194 million light-years away[5] in the constellation Hydra.[6] The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 26, 1835. It was later rediscovered by astronomer Guillaume Bigourdan on February 26, 1887. NGC 3312 was later listed and equated with IC 629 because the two objects share essentially the same celestial coordinates.[7][8] NGC 3312 is the largest spiral galaxy[2] in the Hydra Cluster[2][9] and is also classified as a LINER galaxy.[10][3]
NGC 3312 appears to be highly distorted with sharp dust lanes. There are sharp filamentary extensions to the north and an internal ringlike structure in the galaxy. The interstellar matter in the galaxy also appears highly disturbed. These features caused astronomer De Vaucouleurs to suggest that NGC 3312 was distorted by the giant elliptical galaxies NGC 3309 and NGC 3311 which are the dominant ellipticals in the Hydra Cluster. However, NGC 3309 and NGC 3311 are too distant and their relative velocity differences too large for either elliptical to cause the filamentary extensions observed in NGC 3312. It is more likely that NGC 3312 is interacting with the intracluster medium causing ram-pressure stripping which is stripping the interstellar medium of the galaxy. This may have caused the filamentary extensions observed in NGC 3312 as evidenced by the location of the galaxy near the cluster core.[11] As a result, this galaxy can be considered part of a rare class of galaxies, known as jellyfish galaxies.
Although NGC 3312's morphological structure resembles that of anemic galaxies, its mean surface-brightness profile hints that star formation may be quite active. The northwest filamentary extension from NGC 3312 has high surface brightness and has the knotted texture characteristic of active star-forming regions in spiral arms. Also, the internal dust lane of NGC 3312 is ringed with bright condensations.[11]
NGC 3312 contains an unresolved strong radio source in its core with a strength of 27 mJy and radio emission in the disk with a strength of 24 mJy mostly being confined to the spiral arms of the galaxy or regions of star formation.[12]
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
NGC 3312 is a large and highly inclined spiral galaxy located about 194 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 26, 1835. It was later rediscovered by astronomer Guillaume Bigourdan on February 26, 1887. NGC 3312 was later listed and equated with IC 629 because the two objects share essentially the same celestial coordinates. NGC 3312 is the largest spiral galaxy in the Hydra Cluster and is also classified as a LINER galaxy.
The Hydra Cluster (or Abell 1060) is a galaxy cluster that contains 157 bright galaxies, appearing in the constellation Hydra. The cluster spans about ten million light-years and has an unusually high proportion of dark matter. The cluster is part of the Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster located 158 million light-years from Earth. The cluster's largest galaxies are elliptical galaxies NGC 3309 and NGC 3311 and the spiral galaxy NGC 3312 all having a diameter of about 150,000 light-years. In spite of a nearly circular appearance on the sky, there is evidence in the galaxy velocities for a clumpy, three-dimensional distribution.
NGC 3818 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation Virgo. It is at a distance of about 118 million light-years away from Earth. In the center of NGC 3818 lies a supermassive black hole. NGC 3818 was discovered by William Herschel on March 5, 1785.
NGC 3314 is a pair of overlapping spiral galaxies in the constellation of Hydra. The pair was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel on 24 March 1835. Herschel and others did not realize that what appeared to be a single galaxy, is actually two galaxies in the same line of sight. The unique alignment of both spiral galaxies gives astronomers the opportunity to measure the properties of interstellar dust in the face-on foreground galaxy (NGC 3314a). The dust appears as dark blue against the background galaxy (NGC 3314b). Unlike interacting galaxies, the two components of NGC 3314 are physically unrelated, and are too distant from one another to interact. In a March 2000 observation of the galaxies, a prominent green star-like object was seen in one of the arms of one of the galaxies. Astronomers theorized that it could have been a supernova, but the unique filtering properties of the foreground galaxy made it difficult to decide definitively. NGC 3314a has its spiral arms and copious amounts of dust obscuring the background galaxy NGC 3314b. A dust tail can also be seen from NGC 3314a, being a sign of Ram Pressure stripping caused by NGC 3314a rushing through the ICM of its home cluster, the Hydra Cluster. Both of the galaxies are members of the Hydra Cluster.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Madam C.J. Walker
