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GREENWOOD / BLACK WALL STREET WILMINGTON 1898 LITTLE ROCK NINE TUSKEGEE STUDY ROSEWOOD 1923 THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN SENECA VILLAGE BLACK TOWNS GREENWOOD / BLACK WALL STREET WILMINGTON 1898 LITTLE ROCK NINE TUSKEGEE STUDY ROSEWOOD 1923 THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN SENECA VILLAGE BLACK TOWNS
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MY'STORY

The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
The Truths They Never Taught You...

The Violence That Helped Spark the NAACP

In August 1908, a white mob attacked Springfield, Illinois’s Black community, destroying homes and businesses and lynching two Black men. National outrage over the violence helped spur the movement that created the NAACP the following year.

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BHP gathered finds from its connected research sources. Showing the 4 strongest Black History matches.
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NMAAHC

Black Enterprise, Volume 17, No. 7

Date
1987
Published by
Earl G. Graves Publishing Co., Inc., American, founded 1969
Subject of
Black Enterprise, American, founded 1970
Description
An issue of Black Enterprise magazine, February 1987, Volume 17, No. 7. The front cover header in white type reads: [BLACK / ENTERPRISE]. The top right corner has additional text that reads, in white type: [FEBRUARY 1987 $1.95] and in a gold banner in black type: [ANNUAL CAREERS & / OPPORTUNITIES ISSUE]. Underneath the header there is a color image of a man in a suit standing in front of building with columns. Down the left side, in yellow and white type, reads: [GAINING THE / PROFESSIONAL / EDGE], [The Money Merchants: / Hot Careers In / Banking & Finance], and [Salary Roundup: / Who Earns What]. White type in the bottom right corner identifies the man on the cover and reads: [Milton Irvin, a director / at Salomon Brothers Inc.]. There is a white mailing address sticker with black type, which is partially blacked out, positioned upside down in the bottom left corner. The interior pages, 168 in total, are off-white paper with black type, and both black-and-white and color images and drawings. The contents of the magazine include economic articles, an article featuring women in the work place, and advertisements. The back cover is an advertisement for Benson & Hedges cigarettes. The advertisement has a white background with black type in the top right corner that reads: [For people who like to smoke… / BENSON & HEDGES / because quality matters.]. The top left corner has a small image and the center of the advertisement has a large image. The images both show a man wearing a shirt and tie and a woman wearing pajamas, smoking cigarettes while eating and reading the newspaper. In the bottom right corner of the larger image there is a Surgeon General’s warning.
Place made
New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
Topic
African American
Black Press
Business
Mass media
Women
See more items in
National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Classification
Books and Published Materials
Credit Line
Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
Data Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Object number
2014.76.12.2
Type
magazines (periodicals)
Restrictions & Rights
© Black Enterprise Magazine
Permission required for use. Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.
Medium
ink on paper (fiber product) with metal
Dimensions
H x W x D: 10 7/8 × 8 1/8 × 1/4 in. (27.6 × 20.6 × 0.6 cm)
H x W x D (Open): 10 7/8 × 16 1/4 × 1/4 in. (27.6 × 41.3 × 0.6 cm)
Title
Title • Black Enterprise, Volume 17, No. 7
Record ID
nmaahc_2014.76.12.2
Museum
NMAAHC
Title Sort
BLACK ENTERPRISE, VOLUME 17, NO. 7
Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Metadata Usage
CC0
Date
1980s
Name
Black Enterprise • Earl G. Graves Publishing Co., Inc.
Place
New York City • United States • North and Central America
Topic
Women • Black Press • Mass media • Business
Culture
African Americans
Geo Location
City • New York City • State • New York • Country • United States • Continent • North and Central America
Type
Magazines (periodicals)
Online Media Type
Images
Online Media Rights
Use Restricted

Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture, Smithsonian Institution. Rights and restrictions shown above are supplied by the Smithsonian record.

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NMAAHC

Black Enterprise February 1991

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Description

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NMAAHC

Cover of Black Enterprise Magazine owned by Robert L. Johnson

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NMAAHC

Black Enterprise, Volume 17, No. 7

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NMAAHC

Framed newspaper article owned my Dwayne McDuffie

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Which Supreme Court case ruled state-sponsored public-school segregation unconstitutional?

Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.