Civil Rights
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Innovation, patents, science, technology and world-changing contributions.
Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.
Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
Black towns, communities, institutions and places where history happened.
Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.
Katherine Johnson’s mathematical calculations helped guide some of America’s most important early space missions while she confronted the racial and gender barriers faced by Black women in twentieth-century America.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
| SCons | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Original author | Steven Knight |
| Release | December 13, 2001[1] |
| Stable release | 4.11.1
/ August 27, 2026[2] |
| Written in | Python |
| Operating system | Cross-platform |
| Type | Software development tools |
| License | MIT License |
| Website | scons |
| Repository | github |
SCons is a software development tool that analyzes source code dependencies and operating system adaptation requirements from a software project description and generates final binary executables for installation on the target operating system platform. Its function is similar to the more popular GNU build system.
The tool generates Python scripts for project configuration and build logic.
The Cons software construction utility, written in Perl, was created by Bob Sidebotham in 1999.[3] It served as a base for the ScCons build tool, a design which won the Software Carpentry project SC Build competition in August 2000.[4] ScCons was the foundation for SCons.
SCons inspired the creation of Waf, formerly known as SCons/BKsys, which emerged in the KDE community. For some time, there were plans to use it as the build tool for KDE 4 and beyond, but that effort was abandoned in favor of CMake.[5]
Notable projects that use SCons (or used it at one time) include: The Battle for Wesnoth,[6] Battlefield 1942,[citation needed] Doom 3,[7] gem5,[8] gpsd,[9] GtkRadiant,[10] Madagascar,[11] Nullsoft Scriptable Install System,[12] OpenNebula,[13] VMware,[citation needed], Wolfenstein: Enemy Territory,[14] XORP and MCA2,[15] openpilot[16] and Godot.[17]
.csig is the SCons Content Signature file format.
Major features include:
The following is an SConstruct file that builds a hello world C program using the default platform compiler:
Program("hello-world.c")
The following is a SConstruct file for a project that includes two source files and specifies build tool options:
env = Environment()
env.Append(CPPFLAGS=["-Wall", "-g"])
env.Program("hello", ["hello.c", "main.c"])
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Windows Installer (msiexec.exe, formerly named Microsoft Installer, codename Darwin) is a software component and application programming interface (API) of Microsoft Windows, used to install, maintain, and remove software. The installing information, and optionally the related files, are packaged in installation packages, loosely relational databases structured as COM Structured Storages and commonly known as "MSI files", from their default filename extensions. The packages with the file extensions mst contain Windows Installer "Transformation Scripts", those with the msm extensions contain "Merge Modules" and the file extension pcp is used for "Patch Creation Properties". Windows Installer contains significant changes from its predecessor, Setup API. New features include a graphical user interface (GUI) framework and automatic generation of the uninstallation sequence. Windows Installer is positioned as an alternative to stand-alone executable installer frameworks such as older versions of InstallShield and Nullsoft Scriptable Install System (NSIS). Before the introduction of Windows Installer, the Windows Setup API can be used in Windows 3.x and Windows 9x. The Setup API can do file copy, as well as INI file or Windows Registry update. Since Windows 2000, use Windows Installer to install application is recommended; Setup API is still used for install device drivers. Before the introduction of Microsoft Store (then named Windows Store), Microsoft encouraged third parties to use Windows Installer as the basis for installation frameworks, so that they synchronize correctly with other installers and keep the internal database of installed products consistent. Important features such as rollback and versioning depend on a consistent internal database for reliable operation. Furthermore, Windows Installer facilitates the principle of least privilege by performing software installations by proxy for unprivileged users.
Nullsoft, Inc. was an American software company founded in Sedona, Arizona in 1997 by programmer Justin Frankel. Its products included the Winamp media player and the SHOUTcast MP3 streaming media server.
SCons is a software development tool that analyzes source code dependencies and operating system adaptation requirements from a software project description and generates final binary executables for installation on the target operating system platform. Its function is similar to the more popular GNU build system. The tool generates Python scripts for project configuration and build logic.
Winamp is a media player for Microsoft Windows originally developed by Justin Frankel and Dmitry Boldyrev by their company Nullsoft, which they later sold to AOL in 1999 for $80 million. It was then acquired by Radionomy in 2014, now known as the Winamp Group. Since version 2, it has been sold as freemium and supports extensibility with plug-ins and skins, and features music visualization, playlist and a media library, supported by a large online community. Version 1 of Winamp was released in 1997, along with basic counterparts for MS-DOS and Macintosh, and quickly grew popular with over 3 million downloads, paralleling the developing trend of MP3 file sharing. Winamp 2.0 was released on September 8, 1998. The 2.x versions were widely used and made Winamp one of the most downloaded Windows applications. By 2000, Winamp had over 25 million registered users and by 2001 it had 60 million users. A poor reception to the 2002 rewrite, Winamp3, was followed by the release of Winamp 5 in 2003, and a later release of version 5.5 in 2007. Winamp for Android was released in 2010. The last AOL-developed version, Winamp 5.666, was released in 2013. After a five-year hiatus, Winamp 5.8 (written as Winamp 5. ∞ {\displaystyle \infty } ) was leaked to the public in 2018 before its eventual release by Radionomy; development has since resumed with the latest version 5.9.2 released on April 26, 2023. Its developer Radionomy has since rebranded as Llama Group (later Winamp Group) and launched a streaming service that allows users to support artists by buying perks or NFTs. The service launched on the web in April 2023, followed by beta apps for Android and iOS in July 2023. In September 2024, Llama Group partially released the Winamp source code for Windows under a custom source-available license; the source repository was deleted soon afterwards following criticism for its license terms and inclusion of proprietary code.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.