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The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
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Katherine Johnson — Mathematics to the Moon

Katherine Johnson’s mathematical calculations helped guide some of America’s most important early space missions while she confronted the racial and gender barriers faced by Black women in twentieth-century America.

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BHP gathered finds from its connected research sources. Showing the 4 strongest Black History matches.
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Wikipedia

OS X Mavericks

OS X Mavericks
Version of the macOS operating system
The default interface of OS X Mavericks
DeveloperApple
OS family
Source modelClosed, with open source components
General
availability		October 22, 2013; 12 years ago (2013-10-22)[2]
Latest release10.9.5 (Build 13F1911) / July 18, 2016; 10 years ago (2016-07-18)[3]
Update methodMac App Store
Supported platformsx86-64
Kernel typeHybrid (XNU)
LicenseAPSL, BSD, GPL v2, and Apple EULA
Preceded byOS X Mountain Lion
Succeeded byOS X Yosemite
Official websiteOS X Mavericks (archived at Wayback Machine)
TaglinePower to the desktop.
Support status
Obsolete, unsupported as of September 2016. iTunes is no longer being updated after March 2017,[4] but does have partial support for newer devices.[5][better source needed]

OS X Mavericks (version 10.9) is the tenth major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. OS X Mavericks was announced on June 10, 2013, at WWDC 2013, and was released on October 22, 2013, worldwide. It was also the last version to use a mostly skeuomorphic design; the next release, OS X Yosemite, featured a redesign of the user interface appearance.[6] It was distributed through the Mac App Store just like OS X Lion and Mountain Lion.

The update emphasized battery life, Finder improvements, other improvements for power users, and increased iCloud integration, as well as bringing more of Apple's iOS apps to OS X. Mavericks was named after the surfing location in Northern California.[7] It also removed some of the skeuomorphic designs from OS X Mountain Lion, and it is the final version of macOS that features the Lucida Grande typeface as the standard system font since Mac OS X Public Beta in 2000.

Mavericks was the first OS X release to be named after a location in California, and the first to be a free upgrade since Mac OS X 10.1.[8][9][10]

History

[edit]

Apple announced OS X Mavericks on June 10, 2013, during the company's Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) keynote (which also introduced iOS 7, a revised MacBook Air, the sixth-generation AirPort Extreme, the fifth-generation AirPort Time Capsule, and a redesigned Mac Pro). During a keynote on October 22, 2013, Apple announced that the official release of 10.9 on the Mac App Store would be available immediately, and that unlike previous versions of OS X, 10.9 would be available at no charge to all users running Snow Leopard (10.6.8) or later.[11]

On October 22, 2013, Apple offered free upgrades for life on OS X and iWork.[12]

System requirements

[edit]

All the Macs supporting OS X Mountain Lion support OS X Mavericks. As with Mountain Lion, 2 GB of RAM, 8 GB of available storage, and Mac OS X Snow Leopard or later are required.[13] Mavericks and later versions are all available for free.[14]

The full list of compatible models:[15]

System features

[edit]

The menu bar and the Dock are available on each display. Additionally, AirPlay compatible displays such as the Apple TV can be used as an external display.[16][17] Mission Control has been updated to organize and switch between Desktop workspaces independently between multiple displays.[16]

OS X Mavericks introduced App Nap, which sleeps apps that are not currently visible.[18][19][20][21][22] Any app running on Mavericks can be eligible for this feature by default.[20]

Compressed Memory is a virtual memory compression system which automatically compresses data from inactive apps when approaching maximum memory capacity.[18][19][23][24]

Timer coalescing is a feature that enhances energy efficiency by reducing CPU usage by up to 72 percent.[18][19][25][20][26] This allows MacBooks to run for longer periods of time and desktop Macs to run cooler.[27]

Apple now supports OpenGL 4.1 Core Profile[28] and OpenCL 1.2.[27] Server Message Block version 2 (SMB2) is now the default protocol for sharing files, rather than AFP.[29][30] This is to increase performance and cross-platform compatibility.

Some skeuomorphs, such as the leather texture in Calendar, the legal pad theme of Notes, and the book-like appearance of Contacts, have been removed from the UI and replaced with flat design similar to iOS 7.[31][32]

iCloud Keychain stores a user's usernames, passwords and Wi-Fi passwords to allow the user to fill this information into forms when needed.[33][34]

The system has native LinkedIn sharing integration.[35][36]

IPoTB (Internet Protocol over Thunderbolt Bridge) Thunderbolt networking is supported in Mavericks.[37] This feature allows the user to quickly transfer a large amount of data between two Macs.[38]

Notification Center allows the user to reply to notifications instantly,[39][40] allows websites to send notifications,[41] and, when the user wakes up a Mac that was in a sleep state, displays a summary of missed notifications before the machine is unlocked.[42] Some system alerts, such as low battery, removal of drives without ejecting, and a failed Time Machine backup have been moved to Notification Center.[40]

The "traffic light" close, minimize, and maximize window buttons have appeared somewhat brighter than OS X Lion and OS X Mountain Lion.

App features

[edit]

Finder gets enhancements such as tabs,[16][43] full-screen support, and document tags.[16][44][45][46] Pinch-to-zoom and swipe-to-navigate-history gestures have been removed, although both are supported anywhere else.

The new iBooks application allows the user to read books purchased through the iBooks Store. The app also allows the user to purchase new content from the iBooks Store,[47] and a night mode to make it easier to read in dark environments.[48]

The new Maps application adds the same functionalities that were featured in iOS Maps.[48][47] Among these new features is the capability to search directions for driving and walking,[43] report problems in the Maps application,[43] and viewing street addresses to Maps via the Contacts application.[43]

The Calendar app has enhancements such as being able to add Facebook events,[49] view the map of a specified location,[43] and an estimate for the travel time to an event.[50][51][16]

The Safari browser has a significantly enhanced JavaScript performance which Apple claims is faster than Chrome and Firefox.[52] A Top Sites view allows the user to quickly access the most viewed sites by default. However, the user can pin or remove websites from the view.[53] The sidebar now allows the user to view their bookmarks, reading list and shared links.[54] Safari can also auto-generate random passwords and remember them[55] through iCloud Keychain.[56]

Additional changes were made to the messaging system. FaceTime is updated so that the user no longer needs to enable camera, in a similar manner to FaceTime in iOS 7.[43] OS X Mavericks 10.9.2 added the option to block users in iMessage.[43]

Removed functionality

[edit]

The Open Transport API has been removed.[57] USB syncing of calendar, contacts and other information to iOS devices has been removed, instead requiring the use of iCloud.[58][59] QuickTime 10 no longer supports many older video codecs and converts them to the ProRes format when opened. Older video codecs cannot be viewed in Quick Look.[60] Apple also removed the ability to sync mobile iCloud Notes if iOS devices were upgraded from iOS 8 to iOS 9, effectively forcing all Mavericks users to update or upgrade their computers.

Reception

[edit]

OS X Mavericks has received mixed reviews. One complaint is that Apple removed the local sync services, which forces users to get iCloud to sync iOS devices with the desktop OS.[58][59] However, this feature has since returned in the 10.9.3 and iTunes 11.2 updates.

The Verge stated that OS X Mavericks was "a gentle evolution of the Mac operating system".[61]

CNET generalized OS X Mavericks as a "solid foundation" to OS X, lacking new features but praised it as a free update that incorporates additional iOS features.[62] Criticism was brought to the insufficient updates to existing applications.[62]

Release history

[edit]
Version Build Date Darwin version Notes
10.9 13A603 October 22, 2013 13.0 Original Mac App Store release (GM2)
10.9.1 13B42 December 16, 2013
10.9.2 13C64 February 25, 2014 13.1
13C1021 April 22, 2014
10.9.3 13D65 May 15, 2014 13.2
10.9.4 13E28 June 30, 2014 13.3
10.9.5 13F34 September 17, 2014 13.4
October 16, 2014
January 27, 2015
13F1066 March 9, 2015
13F1077 April 8, 2015
13F1096 June 30, 2015
13F1112 August 13, 2015
13F1134 October 21, 2015
13F1507 December 8, 2015
13F1603 January 19, 2016
13F1712 March 21, 2016
13F1808 May 16, 2016
13F1911 July 18, 2016

Timeline

[edit]
Timeline of Mac operating systems
ARM architecture familyx86PowerPC68kMacBook NeoMacBook Air (Apple silicon)iMac ProRetina MacBook ProMacBook AirApple–Intel architecturePower Mac G5Power Mac G4iMac G3Power MacintoshMacintosh QuadraMacintosh PortableMacintosh SE/30Macintosh IIMacintosh PlusMacintosh 128KmacOS Golden GatemacOS TahoemacOS SequoiamacOS SonomamacOS VenturamacOS MontereymacOS Big SurmacOS CatalinamacOS MojavemacOS High SierramacOS SierraOS X El CapitanOS X YosemiteOS X MavericksOS X Mountain LionMac OS X LionMac OS X Snow LeopardMac OS X LeopardMac OS X TigerMac OS X PantherMac OS X 10.2Mac OS X 10.1Mac OS X 10.0Mac OS X Server 1.0Mac OS X Public BetaA/UXA/UXA/UXMacWorks XLMacWorks XLSun RemarketingMacWorks XLMac OS 9Mac OS 9Mac OS 9Mac OS 8Mac OS 8Mac OS 8Mac OS 8System 7System 7System 7System 7System 6Classic Mac OSClassic Mac OSClassic Mac OSClassic Mac OSSystem 1Finder (software)Finder (software)Finder (software)Finder (software)Finder (software)Finder (software)Finder (software)

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "OS X Version 10.9 on Intel-based Macintosh computers". The Open Group. Archived from the original on April 18, 2020. Retrieved December 4, 2014.
  2. ^ "OS X Mavericks Available Today Free from the Mac App Store" (Press release). Apple. October 22, 2013. Archived from the original on October 10, 2017. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
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  30. ^ "OS X Mavericks switches to SMB2 networking". CNET. Archived from the original on 2017-01-08. Retrieved 2017-01-08.
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  35. ^ Zibreg, Christian (June 10, 2013). "OS X Mavericks has native LinkedIn sharing, but what about iOS 7?". iDownload blog. Archived from the original on June 13, 2013. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
  36. ^ "Windows 8.1 vs OS X Mavericks: Which OS is Best?". Archived from the original on 2017-01-07. Retrieved 2017-01-06.
  37. ^ van Beijnum, Iljitsch (29 October 2013). "OS X 10.9 brings fast but choppy Thunderbolt networking". ars technica. Archived from the original on 28 April 2016. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  38. ^ "How to transfer large amounts of data between Macs quickly". CNET. Archived from the original on 2017-01-07. Retrieved 2017-01-06.
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  40. ^ a b "Hands-on with OS X Mavericks: Notification Center". Macworld. Archived from the original on 2023-02-08. Retrieved 2017-01-06.
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  42. ^ "Mac OS X Mavericks packs in features, but isn't a sea change". CNET. Archived from the original on 2017-01-08. Retrieved 2017-01-07.
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Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.

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Wikipedia

OS X Mavericks

OS X Mavericks (version 10.9) is the tenth major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. OS X Mavericks was announced on June 10, 2013, at WWDC 2013, and was released on October 22, 2013, worldwide. It was also the last version to use a mostly skeuomorphic design; the next release, OS X Yosemite, featured a redesign of the user interface appearance. It was distributed through the Mac App Store just like OS X Lion and Mountain Lion. The update emphasized battery life, Finder improvements, other improvements for power users, and increased iCloud integration, as well as bringing more of Apple's iOS apps to OS X. Mavericks was named after the surfing location in Northern California. It also removed some of the skeuomorphic designs from OS X Mountain Lion, and it is the final version of macOS that features the Lucida Grande typeface as the standard system font since Mac OS X Public Beta in 2000. Mavericks was the first OS X release to be named after a location in California, and the first to be a free upgrade since Mac OS X 10.1.

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Wikipedia

OS X Mountain Lion

OS X Mountain Lion (version 10.8) is the ninth major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. OS X Mountain Lion was released on July 25, 2012, for purchase and download through the Mac App Store, as part of a switch to releasing OS X versions online and every year, rather than every two years. Named to signify its status as a refinement of the previous OS X version, Lion, Apple's stated aims in developing Mountain Lion were to allow users to more easily manage and synchronise content between multiple Apple devices and to make the operating system more familiar. The operating system gained the new malware-blocking system Gatekeeper and integration with Apple's online Game Center and iCloud services, while the Safari web browser was updated to version 6. As on iOS, Notes and Reminders became full applications, separate from Mail and Calendar, while the iChat application was replaced with a version of iOS's Messages. Mountain Lion also added a version of iOS's Notification Center, which groups updates from different applications in one place. Integrated links allowing the user to rapidly transfer content to Twitter were present in the operating system from launch. Facebook integration was also planned but unfinished at launch date. It was released as a downloadable update later. OS X Mountain Lion received positive reviews, with critics praising Notification Center, Messages, and speed improvements over OS X Lion, while criticizing iCloud for unreliability and Game Center for lack of games. Mountain Lion sold three million units in the first four days, and has sold 28 million units as of June 10, 2013, making it Apple's most popular OS X release. Mountain Lion was the last paid upgrade for an OS X major release, with OS X Mavericks and later being free. Apple later allowed free downloads of the OS, especially for customers of older and no longer officially supported Macintosh computers, starting on June 30, 2021. The same practice was also applied to its predecessor, OS X Lion.

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Wikipedia

OS X Yosemite

OS X Yosemite ( yoh-SEM-it-ee; version 10.10) is the eleventh major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. OS X Yosemite was announced and released to developers on June 2, 2014, at WWDC 2014 and released to public beta testers on July 24, 2014. Yosemite was released to consumers on October 16, 2014. Following the Northern California landmark-based naming scheme introduced with OS X Mavericks, Yosemite is named after the national park.

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Wikipedia

OS X El Capitan

OS X El Capitan ( el KAP-i-TAHN) (version 10.11), also known as macOS El Capitan, is the twelfth major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh. It focuses mainly on performance, stability, and security. Following the California location-based naming scheme introduced with OS X Mavericks, El Capitan was named after the famous eponymous rock formation in Yosemite National Park. OS X El Capitan is the final version to be released under the name OS X. OS X El Capitan received far better reviews than Yosemite. The first beta of OS X El Capitan was released to developers shortly following the WWDC keynote on June 8, 2015. The first public beta was made available on July 9, 2015. There were multiple betas released after the keynote. OS X El Capitan was released to end users on September 30, 2015, as a free upgrade through the Mac App Store. OS X El Capitan is the final version of OS X to support the 2008-2009 aluminum MacBook and Xserve, as its successor macOS Sierra is incompatible with that model of the MacBook and the final 2009 model of the Xserve.

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Who was the first African-American woman millionaire in the United States?

Madam C.J. Walker