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MY'STORY

The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
The Truths They Never Taught You...

Katherine Johnson — Mathematics to the Moon

Katherine Johnson’s mathematical calculations helped guide some of America’s most important early space missions while she confronted the racial and gender barriers faced by Black women in twentieth-century America.

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BHP gathered finds from its connected research sources. Showing the 4 strongest Black History matches.
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Wikipedia

List of exoplanets detected by radial velocity

The following is a list of 456 extrasolar planets that were only detected by radial velocity method –– 31 confirmed and 323 candidates, sorted by orbital periods. Since none of these planets are transiting or directly observed, they do not have measured radii and generally their masses are only minimum. The true masses can be determined when astrometry calculates the inclination of the orbit.

There are 160 members of the multi-planet systems –– 21 confirmed and 139 candidates.

List of confirmed extrasolar planets

[edit]

The most massive confirmed exoplanet is Iota Draconis b, which masses 9.40 MJ (i.e. 9.4 times the mass of Jupiter); the least massive confirmed planet is Gliese 581 e, which masses 0.007906 MJ or 2.51 M🜨. The longest period of any confirmed exoplanet is 55 Cancri Ad, which takes 5169 days or 14.15 years to make one trip around the star; the shortest period is Gliese 876 d, which takes just 1.938 days or 46.5 hours to orbit the star.

Yellow rows denote the members of a multi-planet system

Planet Mass
(MJ) 		Period
(days) 		Semi-major
axis (AU) 		Eccentricity Inclination
(°) 		Year
Gliese 876 d 0.021 1.938 0.021 0.2067 50.201 2005
Santamasa 1.500 2.138 0.035 0.0079 2006
GJ 3634 b 0.022 2.646 0.029 0.0801 58.683 2011
Gliese 581e 0.008 3.149 0.028 0.0261 50.537 2009
Tau Boötis b 8.389 3.312 0.048 0.0236 150.521 1996
COROT-7c 0.026 3.698 0.046 0.0018 78.206 2009
Dimidium 0.472 4.231 0.053 0.0132 1995
Saffar 1.266 4.617 0.059 0.0226 147.169 1996
Gliese 581b 0.059 5.369 0.041 0.0159 57.259 2005
Gliese 667 Cb 0.018 7.432 0.054 0.0468 2009
Gliese 581c 0.021 12.929 0.073 0.1674 53.550 2007
HD 38529 b 0.782 14.310 0.129 0.2477 123.331 2000
Galileo 1.030 14.651 0.118 0.0096 126.780 1996
Gliese 667 Cc 0.012 28.155 0.070 0.0127 2011
Gliese 876 c 0.714 30.088 0.131 0.2559 48.071 2001
Brahe 0.214 44.364 0.247 0.0048 53.241 2002
Gliese 876 b 2.276 61.117 0.211 0.0324 83.929 1998
Gliese 581d 0.026 66.800 0.218 0.3809 58.257 2007
HD 20794 d 0.015 90.309 0.388 0.0143 2011
Gliese 876 e 0.046 124.262 0.338 0.0546 120.548 2010
HD 60532 b 3.150 201.825 0.761 0.2776 162.580 2008
Samh 6.673 237.746 0.753 0.2396 16.746 1999
Harriot 0.190 259.805 0.804 0.2963 54.619 2005
Epsilon Reticuli b 4.500 415.241 1.156 0.0583 17.403 2000
Hypatia 9.395 511.098 1.272 0.7124 69.920 2002
HD 147513 b 1.268 540.361 1.265 0.2577 111.525 2002
Thestias 2.409 589.636 1.693 0.0204 90.684 2006
HD 60532 c 7.457 607.065 1.586 0.0383 162.060 2008
Quijote 1.709 643.252 1.495 0.1284 78.867 2000
HD 128311 c 3.215 918.751 1.720 0.1709 49.731 2005
q1 Eridani b 1.493 1040.389 2.055 0.1632 38.640 2003
Majriti 6.094 1302.605 2.527 0.3181 42.633 1999
HAT-P-17c 1.416 1797.885 2.748 0.0968 77.217 2010
Taphao Kaew 0.541 2391.005 3.532 0.0981 2001
Ægir 1.552 2502.236 3.383 0.7021 30.110 2000
Lipperhey 4.783 5169.447 5.901 0.0141 53.031 2002
47 Ursae Majoris d 1.624 14001.787 11.477 0.1604 2010

List of extrasolar planet candidates

[edit]

The most massive exoplanet candidate is HD 217786 b, which masses 12.98 MJ; the least massive confirmed planet is HD 10180 b, which masses 0.004 MJ or 3.1 M🜨. The longest period of any confirmed exoplanet is 47 Ursae Majoris d, which takes 14002 days or 38.33 years to make one trip around the star; the shortest period is HD 156668 b, which takes just 1.26984 days or 31.162 hours to orbit the star.

Yellow rows denote the members of a multi-planet system

Planet Minimum
mass (MJ) 		Period
(days) 		Semi-major
axis (AU) 		Eccentricity Year
HD 156668 b 0.010 1.270 0.022 0.0003 2010
HD 10180 b 0.004 1.778 0.022 0.0002 2010
HD 212301 b 0.396 2.457 0.036 0.0146 2005
HD 73256 b 1.875 2.549 0.039 0.0275 2003
HD 63454 b 0.380 2.818 0.036 2e−05 2005
HD 83443 b 0.398 2.986 0.038 0.0083 2000
HD 46375 b 0.226 3.024 0.047 0.0629 2000
HD 179949 b 0.916 3.093 0.045 0.0219 2000
HD 187123 b 0.532 3.097 0.042 0.0349 1998
HD 134060 b 0.035 3.270 0.046 0.3981 2011
HD 330075 b 0.624 3.369 0.043 0.0334 2004
HD 88133 b 0.299 3.408 0.047 0.1331 2004
HD 2638 b 0.478 3.444 0.044 0.0223 2005
BD-10°3166 b 0.458 3.488 0.045 0.0190 2000
HD 75289 b 0.467 3.509 0.046 0.0336 1999
HD 219828 b 0.062 3.834 0.051 0.0210 2007
HD 215497 b 0.020 3.934 0.046 0.1554 2009
HD 76700 b 0.233 3.971 0.049 0.0955 2002
HD 149143 b 1.331 4.072 0.053 0.0161 2005
HD 47186 b 0.072 4.084 0.050 0.0379 2008
HD 102195 b 0.488 4.115 0.049 0.0615 2006
HD 125612 c 0.058 4.155 0.052 0.2726 2009
61 Virginis b 0.016 4.215 0.050 0.1188 2009
HD 40307 b 0.013 4.312 0.047 0.0081 2008
Gliese 674 b 0.035 4.694 0.039 0.1995 2007
HD 49674 b 0.115 4.947 0.058 0.2900 2002
HD 109749 b 0.275 5.238 0.063 0.0132 2005
HD 7924 b 0.029 5.398 0.057 0.1700 2009
HIP 49067 b 0.045 5.602 0.056 0.1467 2009
HD 39194 b 0.012 5.636 0.059 0.2013 2011
HD 10180 c 0.041 5.760 0.064 0.0452 2010
HD 1461 b 0.021 5.773 0.065 0.1431 2009
HD 45184 b 0.040 5.887 0.062 0.3023 2011
HD 118203 b 2.145 6.134 0.070 0.3088 2005
HD 68988 b 1.851 6.276 0.070 0.1228 2001
HD 168746 b 0.247 6.403 0.066 0.1070 2000
HD 102956 b 0.965 6.495 0.081 0.0478 2010
HIP 14810 b 3.876 6.674 0.069 0.1427 2006
HD 185269 b 0.910 6.838 0.077 0.2814 2006
Gliese 433 b 0.019 6.889 0.056 0.0210 2009
HD 217107 b 1.411 7.127 0.073 0.1301 1998
HD 215152 b 0.009 7.283 0.077 0.3444 2011
HD 96700 b 0.028 8.126 0.081 0.0985 2011
Gliese 439 b 0.036 8.135 0.078 0.1875 2011
HD 69830 b 0.032 8.667 0.078 0.1027 2006
Gliese 176 b 0.076 8.784 0.066 0.2286 2007
HD 181433 b 0.024 9.374 0.080 0.3963 2008
HD 40307 c 0.022 9.618 0.080 0.0204 2008
Mu Arae c 0.033 9.639 0.091 0.1721 2004
HD 125595 b 0.045 9.670 0.081 0.1156 2009
HD 130322 b 1.089 10.724 0.088 0.0248 2000
HD 215152 c 0.010 10.866 0.100 0.3770 2011
HD 108147 b 0.264 10.901 0.104 0.5344 2000
HD 136352 b 0.017 11.577 0.093 0.1777 2011
HD 20003 b 0.038 11.849 0.107 0.4038 2011
HD 134606 b 0.029 12.083 0.088 0.1494 2011
HD 93385 b 0.026 13.186 0.143 0.1469 2011
HD 1461 c 0.019 13.505 0.078 0.0241 2011
HD 39194 c 0.019 14.025 0.108 0.1065 2011
Gliese 253 b 0.041 14.068 0.115 0.1547 2011
HD 13808 b 0.033 14.182 0.111 0.1666 2011
HD 189567 b 0.032 14.275 0.110 0.2333 2011
HD 179079 b 0.079 14.476 0.120 0.1145 2009
HD 4308 b 0.041 15.608 0.115 0.2653 2005
Gliese 86 b 3.912 15.766 0.114 0.0461 1998
HD 10180 d 0.037 16.358 0.128 0.0881 2010
HD 31527 b 0.036 16.546 0.110 0.1290 2011
83 Leonis Bb 0.109 17.043 0.122 0.2542 2005
Gliese 777 c 0.060 17.111 0.132 0.2369 2005
HD 16417 b 0.070 17.239 0.138 0.1974 2009
HD 27894 b 0.618 17.991 0.122 0.0491 2005
HD 33283 b 0.335 18.179 0.145 0.4822 2006
HD 195019 Ab 3.705 18.202 0.138 0.0136 1998
HD 20794 b 0.008 18.315 0.134 0.0214 2011
HD 154088 b 0.019 18.596 0.138 0.3774 2011
HD 40307 d 0.029 20.462 0.133 0.0397 2008
HD 102117 b 0.171 20.666 0.145 0.0912 2004
HD 6434 b 0.397 22.093 0.154 0.1799 2000
HD 21693 b 0.032 22.656 0.164 0.2627 2011
HD 192263 b 0.642 24.348 0.154 0.0552 1999
HD 224693 b 0.715 26.730 0.192 0.0501 2006
HD 136352 c 0.036 27.582 0.166 0.1576 2011
HD 20781 b 0.038 29.150 0.168 0.1117 2011
HD 9446 b 0.700 30.052 0.189 0.1975 2010
HD 69830 c 0.038 31.562 0.186 0.1347 2006
Gliese 439 c 0.409 32.033 0.195 0.0542 2011
HD 20003 c 0.042 33.823 0.215 0.1557 2011
HD 39194 d 0.016 33.941 0.194 0.1986 2011
HD 204313 c 0.054 34.873 0.213 0.1687 2011
HD 43691 b 2.495 36.956 0.242 0.1405 2007
HD 11964 c 0.111 37.822 0.229 0.0407 2005
61 Virginis c 0.057 38.021 0.218 0.1379 2009
HD 20794 c 0.008 40.114 0.226 0.0175 2011
HIP 57050 b 0.298 41.397 0.163 0.3137 2010
HD 45652 b 0.465 43.597 0.230 0.3782 2008
HD 147018 b 2.116 44.236 0.239 0.4686 2009
HD 93385 c 0.032 46.025 0.329 0.2359 2011
HD 103197 b 0.098 47.843 0.249 0.0058 2009
HD 107148 b 0.212 48.056 0.269 0.0421 2006
HD 10180 e 0.079 49.745 0.269 0.0261 2010
HD 90156 b 0.057 49.769 0.250 0.3064 2009
HD 31527 c 0.050 51.284 0.235 0.1102 2011
HD 74156 b 1.884 51.648 0.291 0.6368 2001
HD 117618 b 0.178 52.190 0.278 0.4168 2004
HD 13808 c 0.036 53.832 0.270 0.4339 2011
HD 21693 c 0.065 53.881 0.293 0.2422 2011
HD 37605 b 2.858 54.957 0.261 0.7374 2004
HD 104067 b 0.164 55.846 0.264 0.2498 2009
HIP 12961 b 0.470 57.010 0.249 0.3100 2009
HD 168443 b 8.016 58.113 0.299 0.5286 1998
Gliese 370 b 0.011 58.427 0.383 0.1082 2011
HD 134606 c 0.038 59.519 0.256 0.2923 2011
54 Piscium b 0.235 62.228 0.284 0.5891 2003
HD 121504 b 1.221 64.602 0.316 0.0328 2000
HD 109246 b 0.773 68.275 0.328 0.1186 2010
HD 101930 b 0.300 70.457 0.302 0.1126 2005
HD 178911 Bb 7.352 71.487 0.345 0.1391 2001
Gliese 785 b 0.068 74.389 0.318 0.2972 2010
HD 163607 b 0.771 75.229 0.336 0.7332 2011
79 Ceti b 0.260 75.593 0.350 0.2517 2000
HD 20781 c 0.050 85.131 0.343 0.2757 2011
Gliese 253 c 0.056 95.415 0.413 0.4132 2011
HD 96700 c 0.040 103.486 0.440 0.3734 2011
HD 145377 b 5.762 103.945 0.449 0.3067 2008
HD 157172 b 0.120 104.840 0.393 0.4551 2011
Gliese 667 Cd 0.022 106.433 0.423 0.6775 2012
HD 136352 d 0.030 106.722 0.408 0.4322 2011
HD 177830 c 0.149 110.889 0.514 0.3495 2010
HIP 79431 b 2.090 111.650 0.358 0.2938 2010
70 Virginis b 7.491 116.671 0.454 0.4322 1996
HD 216770 b 0.653 118.450 0.458 0.3682 2003
HD 52265 b 1.093 118.957 0.504 0.3250 2000
HD 102365 b 0.050 122.079 0.463 0.3401 2011
HD 208487 b 0.519 122.506 0.530 0.2408 2004
HD 10180 f 0.075 122.763 0.492 0.1355 2010
61 Virginis d 0.072 123.006 0.476 0.3453 2009
HD 102272 b 5.862 127.585 0.613 0.0512 2008
HD 156279 b 9.693 131.055 0.342 0.7076 2011
GJ 3021 b 3.366 133.712 0.493 0.5109 2000
Xi Aquilae b 2.775 136.755 0.679 0.0197 2008
HD 231701 b 1.784 141.604 0.556 0.1011 2007
HD 93083 b 0.371 143.578 0.482 0.1398 2005
HIP 14810 c 1.281 147.735 0.545 0.1637 2006
HD 37124 b 0.675 154.378 0.529 0.0536 1999
HD 32518 b 3.044 157.543 0.594 0.0137 2009
HD 100655 b 1.731 157.571 0.681 0.0847 2011
HD 154672 b 4.956 163.910 0.598 0.6087 2008
HD 11506 c 0.824 170.457 0.638 0.4189 2009
HD 145457 b 2.929 176.253 0.767 0.1119 2010
HD 5891 b 7.562 177.106 0.765 0.0663 2011
91 Aquarii b 2.942 181.692 0.856 0.0027 2003
Arkas 2.673 184.023 0.814 0.0061 2008
Spe 4.825 185.840 0.826 0.0094 2008
HD 73526 b 2.036 188.265 0.647 0.3871 2002
HD 215456 b 0.101 191.990 0.608 0.1485 2011
HD 9446 c 1.818 192.887 0.654 0.0571 2010
HD 155358 b 0.895 194.981 0.629 0.1117 2007
HD 69830 d 0.057 197.041 0.629 0.0689 2006
HD 104985 b 6.331 198.161 0.754 0.0311 2003
HD 75898 b 1.476 204.152 0.736 0.0979 2007
HD 82943 c 1.740 219.024 0.750 0.0242 2001
HD 169830 b 2.921 225.618 0.814 0.3092 2000
HD 218566 b 0.211 225.750 0.688 0.3203 2010
HD 45364 b 0.187 226.934 0.680 0.1684 2008
HD 8574 b 1.962 228.755 0.743 0.3676 2001
HIP 49067 c 0.329 237.555 0.680 0.1862 2009
HD 89744 b 8.580 255.864 0.883 0.7043 2000
HD 202206 c 2.397 255.866 0.821 0.2669 2004
23 Librae b 1.592 258.193 0.806 0.2331 1999
HD 40979 b 3.830 263.100 0.829 0.2477 2002
HD 113538 b 0.266 263.321 0.713 0.6122 2010
HD 12661 b 2.339 263.585 0.822 0.3608 2001
HIP 104780 b 1.468 268.937 0.776 0.2901 2009
4 Ursae Majoris b 7.131 269.275 0.875 0.4321 2007
HD 31527 d 0.052 274.488 0.718 0.3765 2011
HD 205739 b 1.366 279.796 0.894 0.2674 2008
HD 164509 b 0.478 282.431 0.849 0.2557 2011
SAO 38269 b 0.913 292.567 0.872 0.2178 2011
HD 175541 b 0.610 297.346 1.031 0.3303 2007
HD 59686 b 5.256 302.561 1.088 0.0153 2003
Rocinante 0.522 310.547 0.920 0.0666 2006
Iota Horologii b 2.078 320.068 0.947 0.1610 1998
HD 173416 b 2.716 323.586 1.158 0.2098 2009
HD 33142 b 1.333 326.565 1.103 0.1444 2011
HD 43197 b 0.603 327.838 0.917 0.8303 2009
HD 137388 b 0.223 329.837 1.017 0.3596 2011
HD 148427 b 0.957 331.475 1.060 0.1587 2009
HD 142 b 1.276 337.112 0.979 0.2327 2001
HD 210702 b 2.956 341.118 1.174 0.2725 2007
HD 45364 c 0.658 342.851 0.896 0.0973 2008
HD 122430 b 3.373 344.946 1.075 0.6794 2003
HIP 5158 b 1.422 345.725 0.887 0.5233 2009
HD 192699 b 2.333 351.470 1.159 0.1487 2007
HD 63765 b 0.687 355.901 0.936 0.4312 2009
HD 4313 b 1.408 355.968 1.177 0.0409 2010
HD 17092 b 4.601 359.851 1.311 0.1660 2007
HD 96063 b 0.895 361.078 1.120 0.2142 2011
HD 38283 b 0.341 363.199 1.022 0.4096 2011
HD 212771 b 1.857 373.290 1.064 0.1111 2010
HD 92788 b 3.681 377.680 1.044 0.3323 2000
HD 73526 c 2.259 377.755 1.029 0.3955 2006
Alpha Arietis b 1.819 380.786 1.196 0.2504 2011
HD 20868 b 1.988 380.848 0.945 0.7549 2008
HD 28185 b 5.722 383.014 1.030 0.0701 2001
HD 100777 b 1.172 383.662 1.045 0.3571 2007
HD 142415 b 1.692 386.292 1.068 0.5371 2003
HD 28678 b 1.676 387.065 0.991 0.1679 2011
HD 33564 b 9.132 388.009 1.122 0.3365 2005
HD 108874 b 1.345 394.484 1.048 0.1276 2002
HD 4203 b 2.073 400.943 1.086 0.5193 2001
HD 4208 b 0.804 400.944 1.038 0.0518 2001
HD 177830 b 1.490 406.571 1.223 0.0086 1999
HD 38858 b 0.096 407.146 0.861 0.2665 2011
HD 154857 b 1.845 408.759 1.135 0.5101 2004
HD 167042 b 1.642 416.064 1.287 0.0262 2007
Gamma1 Leonis b 8.782 428.492 1.190 0.1445 2009
HD 47536 b 5.202 429.102 1.092 0.2165 2002
Gliese 439 d 0.527 431.678 1.104 0.2676 2011
HD 1502 b 3.096 431.766 1.158 0.1007 2011
HD 98219 b 1.775 436.864 1.230 0.1355 2011
HD 99109 b 0.502 439.254 1.102 0.0899 2006
HD 82943 b 1.809 441.194 1.197 0.3912 2000
HD 210277 b 1.290 442.103 1.169 0.4756 1998
HD 108863 b 2.632 443.442 1.122 0.0885 2011
HD 128311 b 3.165 448.573 1.066 0.2548 2000
24 Sextantis b 1.986 452.779 1.334 0.0933 2010
94 Ceti b 1.696 453.870 1.279 0.3019 2000
HD 221287 b 3.119 456.081 1.249 0.0801 2007
HD 188015 b 1.502 456.462 1.194 0.1372 2005
HD 134606 d 0.121 459.256 1.000 0.4596 2011
HD 180902 b 1.254 464.327 1.349 0.2550 2010
HD 31253 b 0.495 465.731 1.259 0.2672 2010
HD 44219 b 0.585 472.326 1.188 0.6077 2009
HD 136418 b 2.084 478.585 1.318 0.0882 2010
Orbitar 3.876 479.086 1.191 0.3754 2009
HD 9578 b 0.623 493.615 1.269 0.0220 2009
HD 96167 b 0.682 498.901 1.346 0.7066 2009
HD 153950 b 2.734 499.366 1.279 0.3361 2008
HD 20367 b 1.169 500.032 1.251 0.3215 2002
HD 114783 b 1.058 500.647 1.199 0.1216 2001
HD 125612 b 3.007 501.548 1.275 0.4582 2007
HD 240210 b 6.856 501.750 1.309 0.1497 2009
HD 95089 b 0.866 506.812 1.449 0.1572 2010
11 Ursae Minoris b 10.480 516.222 1.517 0.0779 2009
HD 102272 c 2.610 519.645 1.563 0.6828 2008
HD 158038 b 1.766 521.007 1.343 0.2917 2011
Gliese 785 c 0.076 525.785 1.465 0.3201 2011
HD 4113 b 1.557 526.617 1.270 0.9026 2007
HD 155358 c 0.504 530.312 1.226 0.1761 2007
HD 1690 b 6.143 533.246 1.326 0.6376 2010
HD 171028 b 1.975 550.022 1.310 0.5855 2007
HD 215497 c 0.332 567.945 1.279 0.4925 2009
HD 222582 b 7.758 572.377 1.343 0.7250 1999
HD 20782 b 1.777 591.947 1.363 0.9254 2006
Amateru 7.621 594.866 1.933 0.2502 2007
Gliese 649 b 0.328 598.269 1.133 0.3046 2009
HD 10180 g 0.067 601.202 1.419 0.1853 2010
HD 164604 b 2.733 606.382 1.300 0.2426 2010
HD 206610 b 8.452 610.430 1.634 0.2289 2010
HD 65216 b 1.222 613.201 1.374 0.4140 2003
HD 200964 b 1.846 613.776 1.595 0.0400 2010
HD 7199 b 0.287 614.552 1.385 0.1866 2011
BD+20°2457 c 12.467 621.986 1.913 0.1783 2009
HD 183263 b 3.821 634.230 1.523 0.3632 2005
HD 96127 b 3.887 647.332 1.509 0.3221 2011
HD 141937 b 9.680 653.219 1.485 0.4113 2002
HD 41004 Ab 2.556 655.201 1.324 0.7422 2003
HIP 2247 b 5.096 655.579 1.338 0.5389 2008
HD 181342 b 7.946 662.897 1.823 0.1768 2010
HD 116029 b 2.126 670.193 1.582 0.1850 2011
HD 5319 b 1.942 675.002 1.748 0.1210 2007
HD 152581 b 1.525 688.758 1.482 0.0383 2011
Gliese 317 b 1.178 692.870 0.956 0.1933 2007
HD 38801 b 10.731 696.278 1.702 0.0076 2010
HD 48265 b 1.157 699.528 1.507 0.1813 2008
HD 82886 b 1.301 704.952 1.614 0.2503 2011
Eta2 Hydri b 6.519 711.152 1.935 0.3956 2005
NGC 2423-3 b 10.583 714.278 2.103 0.2109 2007
HD 23079 b 2.451 738.459 1.651 0.1020 2001
HD 240237 b 5.322 745.700 1.627 0.3759 2011
Nu2 Canis Majoris b 2.611 763.428 1.256 0.1437 2011
HD 18742 b 2.703 772.014 1.549 0.1866 2011
HD 102329 b 5.896 778.101 2.070 0.2109 2011
HD 85390 b 0.132 788.118 1.523 0.4145 2009
16 Cygni Bb 1.679 799.483 1.691 0.6886 1996
HD 200964 c 0.900 825.112 1.943 0.1811 2010
Chi Virginis b 11.089 835.477 2.249 0.4623 2009
HD 156411 b 0.742 842.212 1.882 0.2199 2009
HD 70573 b 6.089 851.832 1.766 0.4126 2007
HD 99706 b 1.416 867.895 1.962 0.3650 2011
HD 114386 b 1.340 872.220 1.620 0.2287 2004
HD 131496 b 2.185 882.830 1.807 0.1633 2011
24 Sextantis c 0.862 883.373 2.083 0.2877 2010
HD 37124 c 0.652 885.491 1.696 0.1248 2005
HD 45350 b 1.958 890.755 1.823 0.7776 2005
6 Lyncis b 2.367 898.625 2.170 0.1340 2008
Tadmor 1.603 902.876 2.039 0.1146 1988
HD 30856 b 1.839 912.128 1.774 0.2149 2011
HD 126525 b 0.224 948.121 1.923 0.1322 2011
HD 213240 b 4.725 950.847 2.019 0.4212 2001
81 Ceti b 5.347 952.745 2.545 0.2063 2008
HD 181720 b 0.374 955.568 1.844 0.2613 2009
HIP 14810 d 0.572 962.029 1.900 0.1733 2009
HD 181433 c 0.719 962.141 1.754 0.2794 2008
HD 132406 b 5.605 973.830 1.978 0.3387 2007
HD 159868 b 1.670 985.723 1.998 0.6898 2007
HD 187085 b 0.981 986.414 2.071 0.7545 2006
HD 16175 b 4.532 987.136 2.144 0.5922 2007
Arion 10.285 993.274 2.559 0.0724 2008
HD 81040 b 6.884 1001.742 1.932 0.5260 2005
HD 34445 b 0.666 1002.580 2.006 0.5714 2004
HD 147018 c 6.557 1007.543 1.918 0.1334 2009
HD 148156 b 0.855 1009.765 2.102 0.5228 2009
HD 176051 Bb 1.472 1016.083 1.761 0.0616 2010
HD 197037 b 0.789 1035.685 1.915 0.2213 2012
HD 190647 b 1.899 1038.079 2.072 0.1815 2007
HD 114386 c 1.188 1045.653 2.048 0.0559 2011
HD 143361 b 2.977 1056.638 1.999 0.1459 2008
Gliese 676 Ab 4.912 1056.782 1.810 0.3260 2009
109 Piscium b 6.825 1076.388 2.153 0.0984 1999
Taphao Thong 2.535 1078.192 2.077 0.0321 1996
HD 150433 b 0.168 1096.178 2.203 0.0103 2011
HD 28254 b 1.158 1115.512 2.146 0.8136 2009
HD 139357 b 9.755 1125.674 2.343 0.1233 2009
HD 114729 b 0.946 1131.478 2.078 0.1675 2002
HD 111232 b 6.841 1142.630 1.973 0.2403 2003
HD 170469 b 0.667 1144.553 2.240 0.1070 2007
HD 164922 b 0.360 1154.735 2.109 0.0524 2006
HD 30562 b 1.289 1157.462 2.305 0.7614 2009
HD 134060 c 0.151 1160.886 2.306 0.7544 2011
HD 2039 b 6.110 1183.358 2.176 0.6722 2002
HD 126614 Ab 0.422 1187.202 2.302 0.5869 2009
Kappa Coronae Borealis b 1.790 1191.111 2.701 0.1924 2007
HD 23127 b 1.370 1214.151 2.320 0.4407 2007
HD 73267 b 3.058 1260.300 2.199 0.2556 2008
HD 11506 b 3.437 1269.517 2.432 0.2211 2007
HD 7449 b 1.112 1275.103 2.338 0.8219 2011
HD 196050 b 2.905 1288.502 2.366 0.2277 2002
HD 175167 b 7.817 1290.183 2.396 0.5427 2010
HD 50554 b 4.384 1292.546 2.356 0.5026 2001
Rho Indi b 2.265 1293.506 2.379 0.3192 2002
HD 142245 b 1.925 1299.360 2.220 0.3078 2011
HD 8535 b 0.632 1313.457 2.448 0.1463 2009
HD 163607 c 2.287 1314.087 2.260 0.1222 2011
HD 217786 b 12.984 1318.823 2.371 0.3988 2010
HD 196885 Ab 2.585 1333.334 2.566 0.4619 2005
HD 47186 c 0.351 1353.575 2.388 0.2493 2008
Tau1 Gruis b 1.258 1442.919 2.692 0.0703 2002
HD 12661 c 1.834 1444.457 2.556 0.0174 2003
HD 86264 b 7.028 1474.615 2.852 0.6621 2009
HD 171238 b 2.615 1522.694 2.540 0.4001 2009
HD 86226 b 1.481 1534.439 2.620 0.7299 2010
HD 132563 Bb 1.489 1544.154 2.801 0.2220 2011
HD 23596 b 7.801 1557.960 2.846 0.2916 2002
HD 24496 Ab 0.319 1568.479 2.597 0.3016 2009
HD 113538 c 0.711 1657.422 2.431 0.3212 2010
HD 108874 c 1.064 1679.810 2.753 0.2729 2005
HD 204941 b 0.266 1733.338 2.762 0.3700 2011
14 Herculis b 5.072 1773.401 2.770 0.3378 1998
HD 73534 b 1.152 1801.372 3.154 0.0455 2009
HD 129445 b 1.587 1841.720 2.931 0.7027 2010
HD 25171 b 0.945 1844.533 3.025 0.0766 2010
HD 37124 d 0.696 1862.473 2.784 0.1569 2002
Gliese 849 b 0.821 1889.473 2.121 0.0625 2006
HD 142022 Ab 4.472 1923.238 3.020 0.5324 2005
HD 204313 b 4.048 1930.874 3.079 0.1308 2009
HD 11964 b 0.606 1940.004 3.166 0.2979 2005
HD 79498 b 1.342 1966.286 2.643 0.5870 2012
HD 66428 b 2.821 1972.505 3.220 0.4646 2006
Pi Mensae b 10.313 2048.512 3.281 0.6053 2001
HD 152079 b 2.880 2097.114 3.231 0.5977 2010
HD 169830 c 4.100 2102.476 3.604 0.3317 2003
HD 89307 b 1.776 2156.841 3.305 0.2411 2004
HD 181433 d 0.542 2171.604 3.018 0.4811 2008
HD 220689 b 1.190 2191.222 3.475 0.2018 2011
HD 27631 b 1.675 2219.866 3.161 0.1663 2011
HD 10180 h 0.203 2222.243 3.393 0.0814 2010
HD 70642 b 1.969 2230.735 3.367 0.0336 2003
HD 215456 c 0.246 2277.115 3.163 0.1866 2011
Gliese 179 b 1.071 2337.712 2.463 0.2677 2009
HD 290327 b 2.539 2442.710 3.429 0.0810 2009
HD 74156 c 8.027 2475.923 3.844 0.4337 2001
HD 47536 c 7.101 2488.746 3.525 0.1425 2007
HD 6718 b 1.654 2495.759 3.557 0.1010 2009
HD 117207 b 1.878 2627.084 3.808 0.1444 2005
HD 37605 c 3.379 2720.196 3.731 0.0129 2012
HD 87883 b 1.784 2753.998 3.599 0.5298 2009
HD 30177 b 10.525 2819.654 3.835 0.1931 2002
HD 106270 b 11.023 2888.372 4.354 0.4024 2011
Gliese 777 b 1.559 2915.411 4.043 0.3133 2002
HD 183263 c 3.723 2949.962 4.245 0.2529 2008
HD 125612 d 7.176 3007.886 4.208 0.2813 2009
HD 72659 b 3.301 3177.490 4.163 0.2693 2002
HD 154345 b 0.947 3339.667 4.195 0.0439 2006
HIP 70849 b 5.782 3387.159 3.790 0.1634 2009
HD 24040 b 4.044 3395.280 4.668 0.0682 2006
Gliese 832 b 0.638 3415.803 3.391 0.1240 2008
HD 50499 b 3.385 3618.586 5.000 0.2487 2005
HD 106515 Ab 10.547 3630.146 4.422 0.6015 2011
Gliese 433 c 0.138 3692.781 4.686 0.1666 2012
HD 220773 b 1.455 3724.655 4.612 0.5118 2012
HD 187123 c 1.989 3810.055 4.861 0.2523 1998
Upsilon Andromedae e 1.059 3848.859 5.204 0.0054 2010
HD 7449 c 2.002 4046.163 5.049 0.5344 2011
Mu2 Octantis b 7.134 4073.297 5.146 0.6335 2011
Mu Arae e 1.814 4205.898 5.227 0.0985 2002
HD 217107 c 2.213 4207.676 5.133 0.5549 1998
HD 13931 b 1.885 4575.836 5.439 0.0911 2009
HD 190984 b 3.078 4884.794 5.461 0.5664 2009
83 Leonis Bc 0.358 4970.102 5.349 0.1057 2010
23 Librae c 0.824 5012.874 5.821 0.1157 2009
HD 65216 c 2.243 5542.216 6.306 0.1548 2011
14 Herculis c 2.089 6906.351 6.856 0.0042 2005
HD 166724 b 4.123 8139.250 8.950 0.7732 2011
HD 98649 b 7.046 10423.717 9.377 0.8638 2011
[edit]
  • "Candidates detected by radial velocity or astrometry". Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. 1995. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  • "Exoplanets Data Explorer". Retrieved 2011-01-20.

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Wikipedia

List of exoplanets detected by radial velocity

The following is a list of 456 extrasolar planets that were only detected by radial velocity method –– 31 confirmed and 323 candidates, sorted by orbital periods. Since none of these planets are transiting or directly observed, they do not have measured radii and generally their masses are only minimum. The true masses can be determined when astrometry calculates the inclination of the orbit. There are 160 members of the multi-planet systems –– 21 confirmed and 139 candidates.

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Minimum mass

In astronomy, minimum mass is the lower-bound calculated mass of observed objects such as planets, stars, binary systems, nebulae, and black holes. Minimum mass is a widely cited statistic for extrasolar planets detected by the radial velocity method or Doppler spectroscopy, and is determined using the binary mass function. This method reveals planets by measuring changes in the movement of stars in the line-of-sight, so the real orbital inclinations and true masses of the planets are generally unknown. This is a result of sin i degeneracy. If inclination i can be determined, the true mass can be obtained from the calculated minimum mass using the following relationship: M true = M min sin ⁡ i {\displaystyle M_{\text{true}}={\frac {M_{\min }}{\sin i}}} Note that this simple relationship only holds for planets with a mass much less than the host star's mass. For heavier planets, stellar companions with a similar mass to the primary star, or heavier companions like black holes or neutron stars, the complete binary mass function must be used to find the minimum and true companion mass.

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Heliocentric orbit

A heliocentric orbit (also called circumsolar orbit) is an orbit around the Sun. The inner planets are mainly influenced by the Sun's gravity, and orbit points close to the center of the Sun ('heliocentric' in a strict sense). The outer planets, and other more distant objects, tend to orbit points close to the barycenter of the Solar System, which is usually located within or very near the surface of the Sun. Comets which traverse the inner Solar System shift between a nearly heliocentric focus, when they are close to the Sun, and a nearly barycentric one when they are more distant than Jupiter. All planets, comets, and asteroids in the Solar System, and the Sun itself are in such orbits, as are many artificial probes and pieces of debris. The moons of planets in the Solar System, by contrast, are not in heliocentric orbits, as they orbit their respective planet (although the Moon has a convex orbit around the Sun). The barycenter of the Solar System, while always very near the Sun, moves through space as time passes, depending on where other large bodies in the Solar System, such as Jupiter and other large gas giants, are located at that time. A similar phenomenon allows the detection of exoplanets by way of the radial-velocity method. The helio- prefix is derived from the Greek word "ἥλιος", meaning "Sun", and also Helios, the personification of the Sun in Greek mythology. The first spacecraft to be put in a heliocentric orbit was Luna 1 in 1959. An incorrectly timed upper-stage burn caused it to miss its planned impact on the Moon.

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Wikipedia

Doppler spectroscopy

Doppler spectroscopy (also known as the radial-velocity method, or colloquially, the wobble method) is an indirect method for detecting extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs from radial-velocity measurements via observation of Doppler shifts in the spectrum of the planet's parent star. As of January 2026, over 1,100 known extrasolar planets (about 19.0% of the total) have been discovered using Doppler spectroscopy.

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Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Who became the first Black woman to travel into space?

Mae Jemison, aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1992.