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Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Katherine Johnson’s mathematical calculations helped guide some of America’s most important early space missions while she confronted the racial and gender barriers faced by Black women in twentieth-century America.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
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| Long title | An Act to provide for the Forest Service, Department of Agriculture, to protect, develop, and enhance the productivity and other values of certain of the Nation's lands and resources, and for other purposes. |
|---|---|
| Enacted by | the 93rd United States Congress |
| Citations | |
| Public law | Pub. L. 93–378 |
| Statutes at Large | 88 Stat. 476 |
| Legislative history | |
| |
The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (RPA) (16 U.S.C. §§ 1600 et seq.) is a United States federal law which authorizes long-range planning by the United States Forest Service to protect, develop, and enhance the productivity and other values of forest resources.[1] RPA requires that a renewable resource assessment and a Forest Service plan be prepared every ten and five years, respectively, to plan and prepare for the future of natural resources.[1] RPA was reorganized, expanded, and otherwise amended by the National Forest Management Act of 1976.
The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 requires the Secretary of Agriculture to prepare a Renewable Resource Assessment, including:
(1) an analysis of present and anticipated uses, demand for, and supply of the forest and related resources, with consideration of the international forest resource situation, and an analysis of pertinent supply and demand and price relationship trends;[1]
(2) an inventory, based on information available to the Forest Service and other Federal agencies, of present and potential forest and related resources, and an evaluation of opportunities for improving their yield of tangible and intangible goods and services, together with estimates of investment costs and direct and indirect returns to the Federal Government;[1]
(3) a description of Forest Service programs and responsibilities in research, cooperative programs, and management of the National Forest System, their interrelationships, and the relationship of these programs and responsibilities to public and private activities; and[1]
(4) a discussion of important policy considerations, laws, regulations, and other factors expected to significantly influence and affect the use, ownership, and management of forest and related resource lands.[1][2][3]
RPA also directs the Secretary of Agriculture to prepare and transmit to the President a recommended Renewable Resource Program displaying alternative objectives and associated programs to provide for the protection, management, and development of the National Forest System. The Program should include, but not be limited to: (1) an inventory of specific needs and opportunities for both public and private program investments; (2) specific identification of program outputs, results anticipated, and benefits associated with investments in such a manner that the anticipated costs can be directly compared with the total related benefits and direct and indirect returns to the Federal Government; and (3) a discussion of priorities for accomplishment of inventoried program opportunities, with specified costs, outputs, results, and benefits.[1][3]
RPA provides that the Secretary of Agriculture shall utilize information and data available from other Federal, State, and private organization and shall avoid duplication and overlap of resource assessment and program planning efforts of other Federal agencies.[1][3]
The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 was enacted on August 17, 1974, through Public Law 93–378, entitled "An Act to Provide for the Forest Service, Department of Agriculture, To Protect, Develop, and Enhance the Productivity and Other Values of Certain of the Nation's Lands and Resources, and for Other Purposes."
| Date | Action |
|---|---|
| July 31, 1973 | Introduced in Senate |
| February 21, 1974 | Considered and passed Senate |
| July 1, 1974 | Considered and passed House, amended (in lieu of H.R. 15283[5]) |
| August 1, 1974 | House agreed to conference report |
| August 2, 1974 | Senate agreed to conference report |
| August 17, 1974 | Signed by President |
The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 has been amended five times since its enactment:
Senate Bill 3292 was a proposed amendment in the 115th Congress to modify a provision relating to consultation requirements in the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974. The bill was introduced by Senator Steve Daines (R-MT) and referred to the Committee on Environment and Public Works on July 26, 2018. If passed, the amendment would have removed additional consultation requirements with respect to certain new information.[11]
The bill proposed to amend Section 6(d)(2) of the Act (16 U.S.C. 1604(d)(2)) by striking “and” at the end of subparagraph (A)(i), by removing the period and inserting "or" at the end of subparagraph (A)(ii), and by adding the following language: “(iii) any new information (within the meaning of subsection (b) of section 402.16 of title 50, Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation)) relating to a land management plan, if the land management plan has been adopted by the Secretary as of the date on which the new information is revealed.” The bill also proposed to amend the timing requirements within subparagraph (B)(ii).[11]
Petitioners brought action for review of decision of Forest Service, alleging it violated National Forest Management Act, National Environmental Policy Act, and Mineral Leasing Act by issuing a special use permit and record of decision authorizing Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC to construct a natural gas pipeline through parts of national forests and the Appalachian National Scenic Trail. The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit held that the Forest Service acted arbitrarily and capriciously in violation of National Forest Management Act by concluding that forest planning rule’s substantive requirements were unrelated to purpose of, and thus inapplicable, to national forest plan amendments it made to allow the developer to construct the pipeline through parts of national forests. The amendments lessened protections for soils, riparian areas, and threatened and endangered species, which directly related to the planning rule’s substantive requirements for these same categories, and the amendments’ entire purpose was to weaken existing environmental standards to accommodate the developer’s inability to meet current standards.[12][13]
The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that an Oregon senate bill that temporarily prohibited instream mining that used any form of motorized equipment within certain limited areas including the beds or banks of the waters of the state containing essential indigenous salmon habitat (which included areas on federal land) was a reasonable environmental regulation that did not mandate particular uses of land or prohibit all mining altogether, and thus was not preempted by federal law. The stated purpose of the bill was to regulate the environmental impacts of motorized instream mining, which posed significant risks to state's natural resources, the bill limited only one form of mining in specific areas, and bill allowed motorized instream mining outside of prohibited areas.[14][15]
Plaintiffs (Biodiversity Associates, Friends of the Bow, and Leila Bruno) brought suit against the Forest Service, the Regional Forester, and the Forest Supervisor challenging various timber sales on the Medicine Bow National Forest. Plaintiffs alleged that the 1985 Medicine Bow National Forest Management Plan has not been revised within the fifteen year deadline set out by Congress in 16 U.S.C. § 1604, and that Defendants were following a timber sale schedule not contemplated by the Plan. The United States District Court for the District of Wyoming held that annual monitoring reports specifically concluded that no significant changes had occurred, and thus a revision was unnecessary.[16]
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Forest Service.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (RPA) (16 U.S.C. §§ 1600 et seq.) is a United States federal law which authorizes long-range planning by the United States Forest Service to protect, develop, and enhance the productivity and other values of forest resources. RPA requires that a renewable resource assessment and a Forest Service plan be prepared every ten and five years, respectively, to plan and prepare for the future of natural resources. RPA was reorganized, expanded, and otherwise amended by the National Forest Management Act of 1976.
The Agency for Renewable Resources (German: Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e.V. or FNR), was founded in 1993 as a government initiative intended to support research and development in the area of renewable resources. As a project managing organisation, the FNR answers to the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (abbreviated BMEL in German). In May 2015, the BMEL announced the new 'Renewable Resources' funding programme. The Agency for Renewable Resources (FNR) has been entrusted with managing the programme. Currently, around 600 projects with a budget of 193 million euros are being funded by the FNR. In 2016 the FNR manages 61 million euro provided from Germany's Federal budget for the implementation of the funding programme. An additional 24.6 million euro are allocated for research and development in the field of bioenergy from the Special Energy and Climate Fund (EKF). 'Renewable Resources' Funding Programme The 'Renewable Resources' funding programme is part of the government's new high-tech strategy to improve Germany's competitive position. It also supports the government's 'Policy Strategy on Bioeconomy', which aims to create a resource-efficient economy that makes use of renewable resources. The programme is intended to support the further development of a sustainable bio-based economy. This involves developing innovative, internationally competitive bio-based products, as well as processes and technologies for their production. Furthermore, the programme also supports the development of concepts aimed at improving the sustainability of the bio-based economy, while taking society's expectations into account.
This list of renewable resources produced and traded by the United Kingdom presents various renewable resources such as crops for food or fuel, livestock and wood with accompanying information being given on its production and trade by the United Kingdom. (For non-renewable resources of the United Kingdom see: Coal mining in the United Kingdom, Hydraulic fracturing in the United Kingdom, Mining in the United Kingdom and North Sea oil).
This is the list of countries by total renewable water resources for the year 2020, based on the latest data available in January 2024, by World Bank and Food and Agriculture Organization (AQUASTAT data). Fresh and unpolluted water accounts for 0.003% of total water available globally. According to Food and Agriculture Organization, ″internal renewable water resources (IRWR) represents long-term average annual flow of rivers and recharge of aquifers generated from endogenous precipitation. External renewable water resources (ERWR) represents that part of the country's long-term average annual renewable water resources which are not generated in the country. It includes inflows from upstream countries (groundwater and surface water), and part of the water of border lakes and/or rivers. Total actual renewable water resources (TARWR) is the sum of internal renewable water resources and incoming flow originating outside the country. The computation of TARWR takes into account upstream abstraction and quantity of flows reserved to upstream and downstream countries through formal or informal agreements or treaties. It is a measure of the maximum theoretical amount of water actually available for the country.″
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.