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Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
Black towns, communities, institutions and places where history happened.
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Wilmington, North Carolina once had a thriving Black middle class and an elected interracial government. In 1898 white supremacists used violence to overthrow that government, kill Black residents and drive many others from the city.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI or R-fMRI), also referred to as task-independent fMRI or task-free fMRI, is a method of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) that is used in brain mapping to evaluate regional interactions that occur in a resting or task-negative state, when an explicit task is not being performed. A number of resting-state brain networks have been identified, one of which is the default mode network. These brain networks are observed through changes in blood flow in the brain which creates what is referred to as a blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal that can be measured using fMRI. Because brain activity is intrinsic, present even in the absence of an externally prompted task, any brain region will have spontaneous fluctuations in BOLD signal. The resting state approach is useful to explore the brain's functional organization and to examine if it is altered in neurological or mental disorders. Because of the resting state aspect of this imaging, data can be collected from a range of patient groups including people with intellectual disabilities, pediatric groups, and even those that are unconscious. Resting-state functional connectivity research has revealed a number of networks which are consistently found in healthy subjects, different stages of consciousness and across species, and represent specific patterns of synchronous activity.
The salience network (SN), also referred to as the midcingulo-insular network (M-CIN) or cingulo-opercular network in anatomical parcellation schemes, is a large scale network of the human brain that is primarily composed of the anterior insula (AI) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). It is involved in detecting and filtering salient stimuli, as well as in recruiting relevant functional networks. Together with its interconnected brain networks, the SN contributes to a variety of complex functions, including communication, social behavior, and self-awareness through the integration of sensory, emotional, and cognitive information. The network is detectable through independent component analysis of resting state fMRI images, as well as seed based functional connectivity analysis. The functional connectivity has been linked with structural connectivity through diffusion tensor imaging, which reveals white matter tracts between the AI and dACC.
RSFC may refer to: Ransomes Sports F.C. Rayon Sports F.C. Resting state functional connectivity, see Resting state fMRI Rochdale Sixth Form College
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is one of many approaches that has been used to scientifically study schizophrenia. fMRI methods have allowed researchers to combine neurocognitive testing with structural neuroanatomical measures, consider cognitive and affective paradigms, and create computer-aided diagnosis techniques and algorithms. fMRI has several benefits as a neuroimaging modality, such as its non-invasive quality, relatively high spatial resolution, and decent temporal resolution. This is due the influential development in the scanner hardware, where it now allows for technicians to retrieve higher resolution images in a shorter amount of time. Additionally, there has been an improved motion correction and harmonization, which both aid in the generalizability and replication of findings in schizophrenia research. Recent studies have used fMRI to explore specific brain networks, such as the salience network and default mode network, to understand their roles in schizophrenia-related symptoms. Alterations in these networks may affect self-referential thoughts and responses to external stimuli, potentially contributing to symptoms like hallucinations and disorganized thinking. One particular method used in recent research is resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI). In a "reformulation" of the binary-risk vulnerability model, researchers have suggested a multiple-hit hypothesis that utilizes several risk factors — some bestowing a greater probability than others — to identify at-risk individuals, often genetically predisposed to schizophrenia. The process of defining clinical criteria of schizophrenia for early diagnosis has posed a great challenge for scientists.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Mae Jemison, aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1992.