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THE JOURNEY THROUGH TIME

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Events

Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.

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MY'STORY

The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
The Truths They Never Taught You...

The Violence That Helped Spark the NAACP

In August 1908, a white mob attacked Springfield, Illinois’s Black community, destroying homes and businesses and lynching two Black men. National outrage over the violence helped spur the movement that created the NAACP the following year.

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Wikipedia

Riberan dialect

Riberan
Native toSpain
RegionLa Ribera
Early forms
Language codes
ISO 639-3–

The Riberan dialect, also known as Reviran, Arribenian, or Riberenian, was a dialect of Eastern Astur-Leonese spoken in the north-western region of La Ribera in the province of Salamanca, in the autonomous community of Castile and León.[2] It has since been replaced by Castilian as the sole language of the region.

It was known for being extremely similar to the Sayaguese dialect of Zamora and the Mirandese language spoken in several Portuguese municipalities which include Miranda do Douro.[3]

References

[edit]

Specific

  1. ^ Llorente Maldonado, Antonio (1982). El habla de Salamanca y su provincia (PDF).
  2. ^ Vilareyo y Villamil, Xaviel (2008). La Llingua Asturiana en Salamanca (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  3. ^ "Ley 7/1999, de 29 de enero, de Reconocimiento oficial de los derechos lingüísticos de la comunidad mirandesa" (PDF). Diário da República (in Portuguese). 1999.

Works cited

Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.

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Wikipedia

Riberan dialect

The Riberan dialect, also known as Reviran, Arribenian, or Riberenian, was a dialect of Eastern Astur-Leonese spoken in the north-western region of La Ribera in the province of Salamanca, in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It has since been replaced by Castilian as the sole language of the region. It was known for being extremely similar to the Sayaguese dialect of Zamora and the Mirandese language spoken in several Portuguese municipalities which include Miranda do Douro.

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Wikipedia

Spanish language

Spanish (español) or Castilian (castellano) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. It originated in the Kingdom of Castile, a kingdom in north-central Iberia. Today, it is a global language with 519 million native speakers, mainly in the Americas and Spain, and about 636 million speakers total, including second-language speakers. Spanish is the official language of 21 countries, as well as one of the six official languages of the United Nations. Spanish is the world's second-most spoken native language after Mandarin Chinese; the world's fourth-most spoken language overall after English, Mandarin Chinese, and Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu); and the world's most widely spoken Romance language. The country with the largest population of native speakers is Mexico, with 130M speakers, almost triple that of the United States of America. Spanish is part of the Ibero-Romance language group, which evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in Iberia after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century. The oldest Latin texts with traces of Spanish come from mid-northern Iberia in the 9th century, and the first systematic written use of the language happened in Toledo, a prominent city of the Kingdom of Castile, in the 13th century. Spanish colonialism in the early modern period spurred the introduction of the language to overseas locations, most notably to the Americas. As a Romance language, Spanish is a descendant of Latin. About 75% of modern Spanish vocabulary is Latin in origin, including Latin borrowings from Ancient Greek. Alongside English and French, it is also one of the most taught foreign languages throughout the world. Spanish is well represented in the humanities and social sciences. Spanish is also the third most used language on the internet by number of users after English and Chinese and the second most used language by number of websites after English. Spanish is used as an official language by many international organizations, including the United Nations, European Union, Organization of Ibero-American States, Organization of American States, Union of South American Nations, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, African Union, and others.

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Wikipedia

Voiceless pharyngeal fricative

A voiceless pharyngeal fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is an h-bar, ⟨ħ⟩. In the transcription of Arabic, Berber (and other Afro-Asiatic languages) as well as a few other scripts, it is often written ⟨Ḥ⟩, ⟨ḥ⟩. It is typically characterized as fricative in the upper pharynx, similar to [h], except that the latter is placed at the glottis instead.

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Wikipedia

List of Indo-European languages

This is a list of languages in the Indo-European language family. It contains a large number of individual languages, together spoken by roughly half the world's population.

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Which Black woman became the first elected to the United States Congress?

Shirley Chisholm, elected in 1968.