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THE JOURNEY THROUGH TIME

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MY'STORY

The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
The Truths They Never Taught You...

Wilmington 1898 — An American Coup

Wilmington, North Carolina once had a thriving Black middle class and an elected interracial government. In 1898 white supremacists used violence to overthrow that government, kill Black residents and drive many others from the city.

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NMAAHC

Charlie Cobb Oral History Interview

Date
August 2, 2023
Interviewed by
Description
An oral history interview and conversation with journalist Charlie Cobb. It consists of three versions of a digital video recording, two camera card files (2025.12.6.1.1 and 2025.12.6.1.2, .mxf files) and one edited file (2025.12.6.1.3, .mov file).
Charles E. “Charlie” Cobb, Jr. was interviewed by Louisiana State University student Kiersten Simon on August 2, 2023, as part of the Social Justice Conversations Oral History Project. The interview took place at Mr. Cobb’s home in Jacksonville, Florida. At the time of the interview, Mr. Cobb was 80 years old.
This oral history interview with Mr. Charlie Cobb consists of two distinct sections: an “interview” section (part 1) and a “conversation” section (part 2, 01:11:07). In part 1, Mr. Cobb discusses his upbringing and family history, and he recalls learning of the murder of Emmett Till. He then talks about his initial student activism at Howard University and how he became involved with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Mr. Cobb then discusses his time as a SNCC organizer in Mississippi, from meeting influential leaders and participants to voter registration efforts, and how night riders shot into neighborhoods in attempts to stop these efforts. In part 2, Mr. Cobb discusses the impact of Amzie Moore, Ella Baker, Fannie Lou Hamer, and Bob Moses, and Simon reflects on her familiarity with this period of history. Mr. Cobb discusses the issue of education in Mississippi, reflecting on the “Freedom Schools,” and the Friends of SNCC network. He then compares the political climate of 1960s with the political climate of the 2020s and describes the relationship between race, class, and policing. He also talks about his book project "Get in the Way." Simon reflects on her relationship with Black History and describes her involvement with her local Black Student Union and African American Cultural Center. Mr. Cobb reflects on making history applicable to younger generations and recounts a story about SNCC organizer Sam Block. Finally, Simon and Mr. Cobb reflect on how young people impacted the Civil Rights Movement.
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National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title
Social Justice Conversations Oral History Project
Classification
Time-based Media - Moving Images
Movement
Civil Rights Movement
Black Lives Matter
Mississippi Freedom Summer
Credit Line
Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
Data Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Object number
2025.12.6.1
Type
video recordings
oral histories
digital media - born digital
Restrictions & Rights
© Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.
Medium
digital
Dimensions
Duration (2025.12.6.1.3, edited): 2 hr., 36 min., 36 sec.
File size: 238 GB
Title
Title • Charlie Cobb Oral History Interview
Record ID
nmaahc_2025.12.6.1
Museum
NMAAHC
Title Sort
CHARLIE COBB ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEW
Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Metadata Usage
CC0
Date
2020s • 1940s
Geo Location
City • Jacksonville • County • Duval County • State • Florida • Country • United States • Continent • North and Central America • City • Washington • State • District of Columbia • City • Springfield • County • Hampden County • State • Massachusetts • River • Mississippi Delta • State • Mississippi • City • Baton Rouge • County • East Baton Rouge Parish • State • Louisiana
Online Media Type
Video recordings
Online Media Rights
Copyright Owned

Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture, Smithsonian Institution. Rights and restrictions shown above are supplied by the Smithsonian record.

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NMAAHC

Photograph of Charles E. Cobb and Kiersten Simon at Cobb’s home

Date: Date

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NMAAHC

Swim cap worn and signed by Simone Manuel at the 2016 Olympics

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NMAAHC

Poster for a concert by Nina Simone and The Vogues

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NMAAHC

Charlie Cobb Oral History Interview

Date: Date

Description

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

What prosperous Tulsa district became widely known as “Black Wall Street”?

The Greenwood District.