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Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Innovation, patents, science, technology and world-changing contributions.
Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.
Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
Black towns, communities, institutions and places where history happened.
Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.
Wilmington, North Carolina once had a thriving Black middle class and an elected interracial government. In 1898 white supremacists used violence to overthrow that government, kill Black residents and drive many others from the city.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
 | This article relies on a single source. (October 2022) |
| Société Nationale des Télécommunications du Senegal | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Sonatel Group | |
| Industry | Telecommunications |
| Founded | 1985 |
| Headquarters | , Senegal |
| Owner | Orange S.A. (42.33%) |
| Website | sonatel |
Sonatel (Société Nationale des Télécommunications du Senegal) is the principal telecommunications provider of Senegal. The company was created by Djibo Leyti Ka, when he was Ministry of Telecommunications in 1985 to provide Senegal with its own telecommunications industry, with Ndaly Ndiaye. The company is active in fixed line telephony, mobile telephony, internet service, television and corporate telecommunications. The company is involved in the construction of fiber optics networks in Africa and manages 2,200 kilometers of fiber cable in Senegal.
The headquarters of the company are located in Dakar, the capital of Senegal. Orange S.A. owns a 42.33% controlling stake in Sonatel, which is listed on the Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières (BRVM).
The company is the second mobile phone service provider in Bamako, Mali, and has 1,000,000 mobile phone customers in that country.
The company is involved in the construction of fiber optics networks in Africa and manages 2,200 kilometers fiber cable in Senegal. Among the other countries it provides network for are as follows: Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali and Moldova.
In January 2012, it started providing a 12-channel mobile television service.[1]
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
 | This African corporation or company article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information. |
 | This Senegal-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information. |
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Sonatel (Société Nationale des Télécommunications du Senegal) is the principal telecommunications provider of Senegal. The company was created by Djibo Leyti Ka, when he was Ministry of Telecommunications in 1985 to provide Senegal with its own telecommunications industry, with Ndaly Ndiaye. The company is active in fixed line telephony, mobile telephony, internet service, television and corporate telecommunications. The company is involved in the construction of fiber optics networks in Africa and manages 2,200 kilometers of fiber cable in Senegal. The headquarters of the company are located in Dakar, the capital of Senegal. Orange S.A. owns a 42.33% controlling stake in Sonatel, which is listed on the Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières (BRVM). The company is the second mobile phone service provider in Bamako, Mali, and has 1,000,000 mobile phone customers in that country. The company is involved in the construction of fiber optics networks in Africa and manages 2,200 kilometers fiber cable in Senegal. Among the other countries it provides network for are as follows: Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali and Moldova. In January 2012, it started providing a 12-channel mobile television service.
Mali, a large, landlocked, multicultural country in West Africa, consistently ranks low in the Human Development Index. The infrastructure of communications in Mali, while underdeveloped, is crucial to the nation.
Orange S.A. (French pronunciation: [ɔʁɑ̃ʒ] ; formerly known as France Télécom S.A., stylised as france télécom) is a French multinational telecommunications corporation founded in 1988 and headquartered in Issy-les-Moulineaux, near Paris. Orange has been the corporation's main brand for mobile, landline, internet and Internet Protocol television (IPTV) services since 2006. It traces its origins back to Hutchison Whampoa acquiring a controlling stake in Microtel Communications in 1994 in the United Kingdom. Microtel Communications became a subsidiary of Mannesmann in 1999 and then was acquired by France Télécom in 2000. The former French public telecoms monopoly thus became internationalized following this takeover and has pursued an expansionist policy since. The group now operates in many countries in Europe, Africa and in the French West Indies. Since February 2012, as a result of the company's decision to transfer its fixed-line telephony operations to its Orange brand, all offers marketed by France Télécom are Orange-branded; and on 1 July 2013, France Télécom itself was rebranded Orange S.A.. In 2019, Orange S.A. employed nearly 148,000 people worldwide, including 88,000 in France. The corporation has throughout the years expanded its activities to include content sales (music, cinema, downloads, etc.), e-commerce, online advertising, M2M, home automation and remote assistance solutions. In 2023, it generated over €43 billion in revenue across all its businesses.
ATLANTIS-2 is a fiber optic transatlantic telecommunications cable connecting Argentina, Brazil, Senegal, Cape Verde, Spain's Canary Islands and Portugal. It is the first submarine cable to link South America and the African continent. The Atlantis 2 project total cost was US$370 million invest by a 25 international carrier consortium led technically and financially by Embratel with more than US$100 million of the investment. Embratel, which organized the project, also installed two additional fiber pairs of 40 Gbit/s for its exclusive use between Fortaleza and Rio de Janeiro. The cable was ready for service in February 2000 with a launch capacity of 40 Gbit/s. On May 10, to celebrate the definitive start-up of that operation, a videoconference between Fernando Henrique Cardoso (President of Brazil) and António Guterres (Prime Minister of Portugal) was held to demonstrate the new link. It is approximately 12,000 kilometers in length. The cable was disconnected on 10 January 2022 due to a consortium decision, pending upgrades to 160 Gbit/s. The landing points include: Las Toninas, Argentina Fortaleza, Brazil Praia, Cape Verde Dakar, Senegal El Médano, Canary Islands, Spain Lisbon, Portugal
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Shirley Chisholm, elected in 1968.
