Civil Rights
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Innovation, patents, science, technology and world-changing contributions.
Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.
Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
Black towns, communities, institutions and places where history happened.
Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.
Wilmington, North Carolina once had a thriving Black middle class and an elected interracial government. In 1898 white supremacists used violence to overthrow that government, kill Black residents and drive many others from the city.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
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The Travel Information Manual Automatic (Timatic) is a database containing documentation requirements for passengers traveling internationally via air, e.g. passport and visa requirements. Timatic is used by airlines and their representatives (check-in agents, managers, etc.), airport staff, and travel agents to determine whether a passenger can be carried, as well as by airlines and travel agents to provide this information to travellers at the time of booking. This is critical for airlines due to the fines levied by immigration authorities every time a passenger is carried who does not have the correct travel documentation,[1] as well as the airline's costs to return the incorrectly-boarded passenger to the original airport from which the passenger departed.[original research?]
The information contained in Timatic includes:[1]
Timatic was first established in 1963 and is managed by the Montreal-based International Air Transport Association (IATA). Over 500 million travellers have their documentation requirements checked against the Timatic database every year.[citation needed]
It is available in a number of forms, including:
IATA has announced the Travel Pass application as an extension of Timatic that can manage COVID-19 test results, proof of vaccination and national entry rules.[3]
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
The Travel Information Manual Automatic (Timatic) is a database containing documentation requirements for passengers traveling internationally via air, e.g. passport and visa requirements. Timatic is used by airlines and their representatives (check-in agents, managers, etc.), airport staff, and travel agents to determine whether a passenger can be carried, as well as by airlines and travel agents to provide this information to travellers at the time of booking. This is critical for airlines due to the fines levied by immigration authorities every time a passenger is carried who does not have the correct travel documentation, as well as the airline's costs to return the incorrectly-boarded passenger to the original airport from which the passenger departed. The information contained in Timatic includes: Passport requirements and recommendations Visa requirements and recommendations Health requirements and recommendations Airport tax to be paid by the traveller at either departure or arrival airport Customs regulations relating to import/export of goods and small pets by a passenger Currency regulations relating to import and export by a passenger Timatic was first established in 1963 and is managed by the Montreal-based International Air Transport Association (IATA). Over 500 million travellers have their documentation requirements checked against the Timatic database every year. It is available in a number of forms, including: Timatic – available via the SITA network TIM – hard-copy book TimaticWeb – web-based Timatic XML IATA Travel Centre, Consumer web portal IATA has announced the Travel Pass application as an extension of Timatic that can manage COVID-19 test results, proof of vaccination and national entry rules.
Visitors to Montenegro must obtain a visa from one of the Montenegrin diplomatic missions unless they are citizens of one of the visa-exempt countries. Visa policy is regulated by Regulation on Visa Regime Act. Where there are no diplomatic or consular representations of Montenegro, visa requiring foreigners may obtain them from (depending on the country) diplomatic or consular representations of Serbia, Bulgaria and Croatia. The visa policy of Montenegro is similar to the visa policy of the Schengen Area. It grants 90-day visa-free entry to all citizens of Schengen Annex II. It also grants visa-free entry to citizens of several additional countries – Belarus, Russia, Saudi Arabia and Turkey. According to the Law on Foreigners, visitors must have a passport that is valid for at least 3 months beyond the period of intended stay. However, Timatic indicates that visa-exempt nationals need only present a passport valid on arrival to Montenegro.
The Henley Passport Index is an annual global ranking of countries according to the travel freedom allowed by those countries' ordinary passports for their citizens. The index was created by Christian Kälin and launched in 2005 as Henley & Partners Visa Restrictions Index. Its name was changed to Henley Passport Index in January 2018. The index is updated on a quarterly basis to reflect changes in global visa policies. The index annually ranks 199 passports of the world by the number of countries that their holders can travel to without requiring a visa. The number of countries that a specific passport can access becomes its visa-free "score". The data is obtained from the International Air Transport Association (IATA)'s Timatic documentation requirements database.
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country situated primarily in Central Asia, with a portion of its territory extending into Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbekistan to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southwest, and it has a coastline along the Caspian Sea. The capital is Astana, and the country's largest city and principal cultural and economic center is Almaty, which served as the capital until 1997. Kazakhstan is the world's ninth-largest country by land area and the largest landlocked country. Hilly plateaus and plains account for nearly half its vast territory, with lowlands composing another third; its southern and eastern frontiers are composed of mountainous regions. Kazakhstan has a population of 20.6 million and one of the lowest population densities in the world, with fewer than 8 people per square kilometre (21 people/mi2). Ethnic Kazakhs constitute a majority, while ethnic Russians form a significant minority. Officially secular, Kazakhstan is a Muslim-majority country with a sizeable Christian community. Kazakhstan has been inhabited since the Paleolithic era. In antiquity, various nomadic Iranian peoples such as the Saka, Massagetae, and Scythians. Turkic nomads entered the region from the sixth century. In the 13th century, the area was subjugated by the Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan. Following the disintegration of the Golden Horde in the 15th century, the Kazakh Khanate was established over an area roughly corresponding with modern Kazakhstan. By the 18th century, the Kazakh Khanate had fragmented into three jüz (tribal divisions), which were gradually absorbed and conquered by the Russian Empire; by the mid-19th century, all of Kazakhstan was nominally under Russian rule. Following the 1917 Russian Revolution and subsequent Russian Civil War, it became an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR within the Soviet Union. Its status was elevated to that of a union republic in 1936. The Soviet government settled Russians and other ethnicities in the republic, which resulted in ethnic Kazakhs being a minority during the Soviet era. Kazakhstan was the last constituent republic of the Soviet Union to declare independence in 1991 during its dissolution. Kazakhstan dominates Central Asia both economically and politically, accounting for 60% of the region's GDP, primarily through its oil and gas industry; it also has vast mineral resources, ranking among the highest producers of iron and silver in the world. Kazakhstan also has the highest Human Development Index ranking in the region. It is a unitary constitutional republic; however, its government is authoritarian. Nevertheless, there have been incremental efforts at democratization and political reform since the resignation of Nursultan Nazarbayev in 2019, who had led the country since independence. Kazakhstan is a member state of the United Nations (UN), World Trade Organization (WTO), the World Health Organization (WHO), Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), Organization of Turkic States (OTS), International Organization of Turkic Culture and Special Guest status with the Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.