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MY'STORY

The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
The Truths They Never Taught You...

Shirley Chisholm — Unbought and Unbossed

In 1968 Shirley Chisholm became the first Black woman elected to the United States Congress. In 1972 she launched a campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination, breaking another political barrier.

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BHP gathered finds from its connected research sources. Showing the 4 strongest Black History matches.
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Wikipedia

VIII Air Support Command

VIII Air Support Command
VIII Air Support Command Martin B-26 Marauder taking off[note 1]
Active1942–1943
Country United States
Branch United States Air Force
RoleCommand of medium bomber units
DecorationsEuropean Theater of Operations[1]

The VIII Air Support Command is a disbanded United States Army Air Forces unit. It was assigned to Eighth Air Force throughout its existence, and it was last stationed at Sunninghill Park, England, where it was disbanded on 1 December 1943.

VIII Air Support Command engaged in training, with one reconnaissance and one troop carrier group assigned, until July 1943. Afterward, carried out medium bombardment operations against the enemy on the Continent until October 1943 when all components and personnel were withdrawn from the command, with most transferred to Ninth Air Force, which transferred to England from Africa to become the primary tactical command for the invasion of Europe. The command was disbanded little more than a month later.

History

[edit]

The 8th Ground Air Support Command was organized on 28 April 1942 at Bolling Field, Washington, D.C. commanded by Col. Robert C. Candee and assigned to 8th Air Force.[1] The command drew most of its cadre from 5th Air Support Command.[2] Col. Candee was promoted to Brigadier General.[citation needed] The command moved to Savannah, Georgia the following month, joining its parent, 8th Air Force. the command headquarters, but not its assigned units,[2] for England in July, but did not open its headquarters at RAF Membury in Berkshire until 17 August.[1]

The mission of VIII Ground Air Support Command was initially training reconnaissance and troop transport units. In February 1943, the command's mission was expanded to carrying out medium bombardment operations against the enemy on the Continent.

In February 1941, the first Martin B-26 Marauder medium bombers were accepted by the Army Air Forces. It was to be in the European theater where the Marauder was to achieve its greatest success. In the United Kingdom, the Marauder formed the medium bomber forces of the VIII Air Support Command. The first B-26s arrived in the United Kingdom in February 1943. They were to be used in low-level missions against German military targets on the Continent.

On 16 October 1943, the B-26 Marauder units were reassigned to IX Bomber Command, leaving the command without operational units. Its command staff was reassigned to other units, and the command was disbanded on 1 December 1943.[1]

Lineage

[edit]
  • Constituted as 8th Ground Air Support Command on 24 April 1942[note 2]
Activated on 28 April 1942
Redesignated VIII Air Support Command c. 18 September 1942
Disbanded on 1 December 1943[1]

Assignments

[edit]

United States Air Forces in Europe, 28 April 1942 – 1 December 1943

Components

[edit]
Wings
Groups

[note 3]

Squadrons
  • 6th Communications Squadron, Air Support: 10 June – c. 2 August 1942[7]

Stations

[edit]
  • Bolling Field, District of Columbia, 28 April 1942
  • Savannah, Georgia, 29 May-c. 20 July 1942
  • Bushey Park (AAF-586),[8] England, July 1942
  • RAF Membury (AAF-466),[9] England, 21 August 1942
  • Sunninghill Park (AAF-472),[10] England, 19 October 1942 – 1 December 1943[11]

References

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
Explanatory notes
  1. ^ Airplane is Martin B-26C-5-MO Marauder, serial 41-34705 of the 453d Bombardment Squadron taking off from RAF Earls Colne, 18 August 1943.
  2. ^ Maurer indicates that the unit was constituted as the "VIII" Ground Air Support Command. However, the unit was constituted and activated with an arabic number in its name. The use of roman numerals to designate Army Air Forces combat commands did not begin until September 1942. "Air Force Historical Research Agency Organizational Reconds: Types of USAF Organizations". Air Force History Index. 9 January 2008. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  3. ^ Freeman indicates that the 60th Troop Carrier Group, then the 51st Troop Carrier Wing was assigned to the command. Freeman, p. 242. However, the Air Force Historical Research Agency history of the wing indicates the wing was assigned directly to Eighth Air Force. Robertson, Patsy (2 January 2008). "Factsheet 551 Electronic Systems Wing (AFMC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 4 April 2014.. But compare Rumley, Christopher M. (25 January 2021). "Factsheet United States Air Forces in Europe (USAF)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 19 December 2021. (51st Wing not listed among components of Eighth Air Force in 1942) and Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 445-446 (one troop carrier group assigned while in the United States).
Citations
  1. ^ a b c d e f g Maurer, pp. 445–446
  2. ^ a b Futrell, p. 14
  3. ^ See Freeman, p. 50
  4. ^ "Factsheet 44 Air Division, Bombardment". Air Force Historical Research Agency. 5 October 2007. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 4 April 2014.
  5. ^ Stephens, Maj Tonia (19 June 2017). "Factsheet 53 Electronic Warfare Group (ACC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  6. ^ Bailey, Carl E. (3 June 2018). "Factsheet 386 Air Expeditionary Wing (ACC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Archived from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  7. ^ Robertson, Patsy (31 July 2009). "Factsheet 6 Combat Training Squadron (ACC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
  8. ^ Station number in Anderson, p. 39.
  9. ^ Station number in Anderson, p. 59.
  10. ^ Station number in Anderson, p. 32.
  11. ^ Station information in Maurer, pp. 445–446, except as noted.

Bibliography

[edit]

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.

Wikipedia

VIII Air Support Command

The VIII Air Support Command is a disbanded United States Army Air Forces unit. It was assigned to Eighth Air Force throughout its existence, and it was last stationed at Sunninghill Park, England, where it was disbanded on 1 December 1943. VIII Air Support Command engaged in training, with one reconnaissance and one troop carrier group assigned, until July 1943. Afterward, carried out medium bombardment operations against the enemy on the Continent until October 1943 when all components and personnel were withdrawn from the command, with most transferred to Ninth Air Force, which transferred to England from Africa to become the primary tactical command for the invasion of Europe. The command was disbanded little more than a month later.

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Wikipedia

List of United States Army Air Forces Air Force Component Commands

This is a list of United States Army Air Force - Air Force Component Commands. It covers the component commands of the numbered air forces during World War II. During that period, that numbered air forces had a status currently enjoyed by Air Force major commands. I Bomber Command I Fighter Command I Troop Carrier Command II Bomber Command III Air Support Command III Bomber Command III Fighter Command III Reconnaissance Command III Tactical Air Command IV Bomber Command IV Fighter Command V Bomber Command V Fighter Command VI Bomber Command VII Bomber Command VIII Air Support Command VIII Bomber Command VIII Fighter Command IX Air Defense Command IX Fighter Command IX Tactical Air Command IX Troop Carrier Command IX Air Service Command IX Engineer Command (airfield construction, see Advanced Landing Ground) XI Bomber Command XI Fighter Command XII Bomber Command XII Tactical Air Command XII Engineer Command XIII Bomber Command XIII Fighter Command XV Fighter Command XIX Tactical Air Command XX Bomber Command XXI Bomber Command XXII Bomber Command XXII Tactical Air Command XXVI Fighter Command XXXVI Fighter Command

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Wikipedia

VIII Air Force Service Command

VIII Air Force Service Command (originally VIII Air Service Command) was a logistical support formation of the United States Army Air Forces, supporting the Eighth Air Force in the United Kingdom.

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Wikipedia

VIII Fighter Command

The VIII Fighter Command was a United States Army Air Forces unit of command above the wings and below the numbered air force. Its primary mission was command of fighter operations within the Eighth Air Force. In the World War II European Theater, its primary mission was air superiority. Its last assignment was with the United States Air Forces in Europe at RAF Honington, It was formed at Selfridge Field, Michigan in February 1942. In May, the headquarters moved to England to conduct combat operations over Occupied Europe. After the end of the European War in May 1945, VIII Fighter Command took part in the occupation of Germany until May 1946 while simultaneously coordinating its own demobilization. It inactivated in March 1946 at RAF Honington, the last Royal Air Force station used by the USAAF to be returned to the British Air Ministry.

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Which Supreme Court case ruled state-sponsored public-school segregation unconstitutional?

Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.