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Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Innovation, patents, science, technology and world-changing contributions.
Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.
Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
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Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.
In August 1908, a white mob attacked Springfield, Illinois’s Black community, destroying homes and businesses and lynching two Black men. National outrage over the violence helped spur the movement that created the NAACP the following year.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
| Vigna parkeri | |
|---|---|
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| Vigna parkeri plant | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Faboideae |
| Genus: | Vigna |
| Species: | V. parkeri
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| Binomial name | |
| Vigna parkeri Baker
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Vigna parkeri, the creeping vigna or vigna menjalar, is a climbing or prostrate perennial vine that grows in subtropical areas such as Kenya, Indonesia, and Madagascar.
Vigna parkeri has climbing or prostrate stems, sometimes forming mats measuring 0.1–2 m (3.9 in – 6 ft 6.7 in) long. The main rootstock is slender but tough. The stems are thin and often root at the nodes, and are sparsely to densely covered with mostly spreading hairs. There are three leaflets that are round, ovate, or ovate to lanceolate and are 1–8.8 cm (0.39–3.46 in) by 0.8–5.4 cm (0.31–2.13 in). The leaflets are rounded to acuminate at their apex and rounded to acute at their base, as well as pubescent on both sides with densely ciliate margins. The petiole is 1–8.5 cm (0.39–3.35 in) long, and there are two petiolules, approximately 3.5 mm (0.14 in) long.[2]
It has two to five inflorescences that are sometimes 10-flowered. The peduncle is 2–13 cm (0.79–5.12 in) long and the pedicels are 1–3 mm (0.039–0.118 in) long. The calyx is sparsely pubescent, with the tube being 1.5–2 mm (0.059–0.079 in) long, the lobes being deltoid, ovate, or lanceolate, 1–1.5 mm (0.039–0.059 in) long, with the upper pair joined to form a somewhat rounded lobe. The standard is blue, purple-blue, yellow, or white, and is usually paler at the base. The standard is oblate as well, 5–8.5 mm (0.20–0.33 in) by 5–8 cm (2.0–3.1 in), and glabrous. The wings are blue, purple, or yellow. The keel is greenish with a purple tip or yellowish, and the beak is not curved inwards. The pods are linear and oblong, and are 4.5–5.5 cm (1.8–2.2 in) long, and 1.3–2 cm (0.51–0.79 in) wide. The pods are pubescent or glabrous as well, and have two to five seeds. The oblong seeds are grey to brown with black mottling, and are 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) by 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) and 2 mm (0.079 in) thick.[2][3]
Vigna parkeri occurs in subtropical areas such as the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Rwanda, Uganda, Mozambique, Madagascar, Tanzania, and Kenya and is extremely common in East Africa. It is found in grasslands, grasslands with scattered trees, thickets, forests, pathways, and sometimes as a weed in cultivation. It generally grows from 1,000–2,460 m (3,280–8,070 ft) in elevation and sometimes as high as 2,700 m (8,900 ft).[2]
In native and naturalised situations, it occurs on soils with textures ranging from sands to medium clays with a pH from 4.5 to 6.0, though it has difficulty establishing if the pH is outside the range of 5.4 to 5.8.[4] These soils often have at least moderate levels of soluble aluminium. It occurs in areas with upwards of 2,000 mm (79 in), and is tolerant of flooding. It is best adapted to areas in the upland tropics and lowland subtropics with an average annual temperature between 17–21 °C (63–70 °F). Growth slows during the heat of summer in the subtropics, and the best growth is produced during moist periods in spring and autumn. The top growth is killed even by light frosts, but regenerates readily from surviving rootstocks and stolons with the onset of warm conditions.[5] It is adapted to both heavy and lenient grazing by due to its stolons and twining laterals.[6]
Media related to Vigna parkeri at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Vigna parkeri at WikispeciesSource: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
Vigna parkeri, the creeping vigna or vigna menjalar, is a climbing or prostrate perennial vine that grows in subtropical areas such as Kenya, Indonesia, and Madagascar.
V. gracilis may refer to: Vigna gracilis, a synonym for Vigna parkeri, a plant species in the genus Vigna Vucetichia gracilis, a synonym of Ferugliotherium windhauseni, a Cretaceous gondwanathere mammal
Vigna is a genus of plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, with a pantropical distribution. It includes some well-known cultivated species, including many types of beans. Some members of the genus were previously classified in Phaseolus. According to Hortus Third, Vigna differs from Phaseolus in biochemistry and pollen structure, and in the details of the style and stipules. Vigna is also commonly confused with the genus Dolichos, but the two differ in stigma structure. Vigna are herbs or occasionally subshrubs. The leaves are pinnate, divided into 3 leaflets. The inflorescence is a raceme of yellow, blue, or purple pea flowers. The fruit is a legume pod of varying shapes containing seeds. Familiar food species include the adzuki bean (V. angularis), the black gram (V. mungo), the cowpea (V. unguiculata, including the variety known as the black-eyed pea), and the mung bean (V. radiata). Each of these may be used as a whole bean, a bean paste, or as bean sprouts. The genus is named after Domenico Vigna, a seventeenth-century Italian botanist and director of the Orto botanico di Pisa.
Forage is a plant material (mainly plant leaves and stems) eaten by grazing livestock. Historically, the term forage has meant only plants eaten by the animals directly as pasture, crop residue, or immature cereal crops, but it is also used more loosely to include similar plants cut for fodder and carried to the animals, especially as hay or silage. While the term forage has a broad definition, the term forage crop is used to define crops, annual or biennial, which are grown to be utilized by grazing or harvesting as a whole crop.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Mae Jemison, aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1992.
