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Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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Katherine Johnson’s mathematical calculations helped guide some of America’s most important early space missions while she confronted the racial and gender barriers faced by Black women in twentieth-century America.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
 | |
| Discovery[1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Hellier et al. (WASP) |
| Discovery date | October 2013 |
| Transit | |
| Orbital characteristics[2] | |
| 0.0454±0.0013 AU | |
| Eccentricity | <0.11 |
| 3.4252602(27) d | |
| Inclination | 85.60°±0.20° |
| Semi-amplitude | 64.0+5.3 −4.8 m/s |
| Physical characteristics[2] | |
| 1.200±0.060 RJ | |
| Mass | 0.490+0.049 −0.047 MJ |
Mean density | 0.352+0.068 −0.059 g/cm3 |
| Temperature | 1285 K[1] |
WASP-96b is a gas giant exoplanet. Its mass is 0.48 times that of Jupiter. It is 0.0453 AU from the class G star WASP-96, which it orbits every 3.4 days. It is about 1,140 light-years away from Earth, in the constellation Phoenix. It was discovered in 2013 by the Wide Angle Search for Planets (WASP).
WASP-96b orbits its Sun-like star WASP-96 every 3.4 Earth days at a distance just one-ninth of the distance between Mercury and the Sun.[3]
The hot-Jupiter exoplanet was found via the transiting method by Coel Hellier et.al. in 2013 as part of the WASP-South survey.[1]
WASP-96b's spectrum was one of the images featured in the initial science release from the James Webb Space Telescope in July 2022.[4] The spectrum confirmed the presence of water, as well as providing evidence for "clouds and hazes" within the planet's atmosphere.[3] Prior to this discovery, WASP-96b was thought to be free of clouds.[5][6]
While the light curve released confirms properties of the planet that had already been determined from other observations – the existence, size, and orbit of the planet – the transmission spectrum revealed previously hidden details of the atmosphere: the unambiguous signature of water, indications of haze, and evidence of clouds that were suspected based on prior observations.[7]
A study in 2023 measured the abundance of certain chemical species in the atmosphere of WASP-96b as seen in the table below.[8] Models of the atmosphere with patchy clouds and hazes best describes the observations through the James Webb Space Telescope.[8]
| Chemical Species[8] | log(VMR)[8] | Concentration |
|---|---|---|
| Water vapor | -3.59+0.35 −0.35 |
257 ppm |
| Carbon monoxide | -3.25+0.91 −5.06 |
562 ppm |
| Carbon dioxide | -4.38+0.47 −0.57 |
41.7 ppm |
| Sodium | -6.85+2.48 −3.10 |
141 ppb |
| Potassium | -8.04+1.22 −1.71 |
9.12 ppb |
Media related to WASP-96 b at Wikimedia Commons
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
WASP-96b is a gas giant exoplanet. Its mass is 0.48 times that of Jupiter. It is 0.0453 AU from the class G star WASP-96, which it orbits every 3.4 days. It is about 1,140 light-years away from Earth, in the constellation Phoenix. It was discovered in 2013 by the Wide Angle Search for Planets (WASP). WASP-96b orbits its Sun-like star WASP-96 every 3.4 Earth days at a distance just one-ninth of the distance between Mercury and the Sun. The hot-Jupiter exoplanet was found via the transiting method by Coel Hellier et.al. in 2013 as part of the WASP-South survey.
WASP-96 is a G8-type star, located approximately 1140 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Phoenix. It is known to host at least one exoplanet, WASP-96b. It was discovered in 2013 by the Wide Angle Search for Planets (WASP), utilising the transit method. In July 2022, NASA announced that a spectrum of the planet would be featured in the initial science release from the James Webb Space Telescope.
The following are examples of orders of magnitude for different lengths.
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a space telescope designed to conduct infrared astronomy. It is the largest telescope in space, and is equipped with high-resolution and high-sensitivity instruments, allowing it to view objects too old, distant, or faint for the Hubble Space Telescope. This enables investigations across many fields of astronomy and cosmology, such as observation of the first stars and the formation of the first galaxies, and atmospheric characterization of potentially habitable exoplanets. Despite Webb's mirror diameter being 2.7 times larger than that of the Hubble Space Telescope, it produces images of comparable resolution because it observes in the infrared spectrum, which has longer wavelengths than the Hubble's visible spectrum. The longer the wavelength the telescope is designed to observe, the larger the information-gathering surface (mirrors in the infrared spectrum or antenna area in the millimeter and radio ranges) required to achieve the desired resolution. The Webb was launched on 25 December 2021 on an Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou, French Guiana. In January 2022, it arrived at its destination, a solar orbit near the Sun–Earth L2 Lagrange point, about 1.5 million kilometers (930,000 mi) from Earth. The telescope's first image was released to the public on 11 July 2022. The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) led Webb's design and development and partnered with two central agencies: the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland managed telescope development, while the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore on the Homewood Campus of Johns Hopkins University operates Webb. The primary contractor for the project was Northrop Grumman. The telescope is named after James E. Webb, who was the administrator of NASA from 1961 to 1968 during the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs. Webb's primary mirror consists of 18 hexagonal mirror segments made of gold-plated beryllium, which together create a 6.5-meter-diameter (21 ft) mirror, compared with Hubble's 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in). This gives Webb a light-collecting area of about 25 m2 (270 sq ft), about six times that of Hubble. Unlike Hubble, which observes in the near ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared spectra (0.1–2.5 μm), Webb observes a lower frequency range, from long-wavelength visible light (red) through mid-infrared (0.6–28.5 μm). The telescope must be kept extremely cold, below 50 K (−223 °C; −370 °F), so that the infrared radiation emitted by the telescope itself does not interfere with the collected light. Its five-layer sunshield protects it from warming by the Sun, Earth, and Moon. Initial designs for the telescope, then named the Next Generation Space Telescope, began in 1996. Two concept studies were commissioned in 1999, for a potential launch in 2007 and a US$1 billion budget. The program saw enormous cost overruns and delays. A significant redesign was carried out in 2005, with construction completed in 2016, followed by years of exhaustive testing, at a total cost of US$10 billion.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Madam C.J. Walker
