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Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
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In August 1908, a white mob attacked Springfield, Illinois’s Black community, destroying homes and businesses and lynching two Black men. National outrage over the violence helped spur the movement that created the NAACP the following year.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
| ATSC 3.0 station | |
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| City | Marlborough, Massachusetts |
| Channels | |
| Branding |
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| Programming | |
| Affiliations |
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| Ownership | |
| Owner |
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| Operator | Entravision Communications |
| History | |
First air date | February 12, 1985 |
Former call signs |
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Former channel numbers |
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Call sign meaning | Univision |
| Technical information[1] | |
Licensing authority | FCC |
| 60551 | |
| ERP | 400 kW |
| HAAT | 356 m (1,168 ft) |
Transmitter coordinates | 42°23′2.7″N 71°29′35.3″W / 42.384083°N 71.493139°W |
| Links | |
Public license information | |
| Website | noticiasnuevainglaterra |
WUNI (channel 66) is a television station licensed to Marlborough, Massachusetts, United States, broadcasting the Spanish-language Univision network to the Boston area. It is owned by TelevisaUnivision alongside True Crime Network affiliate WWJE-DT (channel 50) and operated by Entravision Communications with UniMás affiliate WUTF-TV (channel 27). WUNI and WWJE share studios on 4th Avenue in Needham and are broadcast from a transmitter facility on Parmenter Road in Hudson.
Channel 66 began broadcasting on February 12, 1985, as the all–music video station WVJV-TV, known as V-66. Founded by former Boston disc jockeys John Garabedian and Arnie Ginsburg and based in Framingham, WVJV aimed to be a local alternative to MTV with the ability to respond to market needs. V-66 attracted viewers immediately but proved unable to grow its audience share, turn a profit, or develop local non-video programming. With high demand for TV stations in the Boston market, it was put up for sale in mid-1986. The Home Shopping Network (HSN) bought WVJV-TV and a similar New York station, WWHT, in 1986, marking its debut in over-the-air broadcasting. The station changed its call sign to WHSH-TV and, with one exception, broadcast nearly continuous home shopping programming from October 1986 to January 2002. The exception was five months in 2000–2001 when the station became a local, general-entertainment independent station as WHUB-TV "Hub 66". The conversion was the last of four among the USA Broadcasting stations, the former HSN stations division, into locally focused stations.
Hub 66's existence was cut short when USA Broadcasting sold its stations to Univision. Most of the stations were used to launch the Telefutura network, now UniMás, on January 14, 2002. In the Boston market and others where Entravision owned Univision stations, Univision signed an agreement for Entravision to manage both stations together. In 2017, Univision programming moved to channel 66 as part of a multi-market swap. The station produces a 6 p.m. local newscast.
66 Corporation applied in February 1979 for a construction permit to use channel 66, allocated to Worcester, Massachusetts, at nearby Marlborough. The applicant was a subsidiary of Home Service Broadcasting Corporation, owner of Natick radio station WGTR. Home Service's president, John Garabedian, said that the Marlborough area needed a television station more than Worcester, which already had WSMW-TV (channel 27).[2] Garabedian did not expect action by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for seven to eight years on the station application,[3] but approval came much sooner, on July 17, 1980. The FCC approved the application, even though it generally barred AM radio stations from owning TV stations, because of the local ownership and programming focus.[4] Garabedian promised a looped newsmagazine format, which he compared to an all-day version of the Evening Magazine program and the 1950s documentary series Wide Wide World, and limited longform newscasts.[5] Despite approval, channel 66 was put on hold while WGTR was upgraded to a power level of 50,000 watts.[6] Later that year, Garabedian became the sole owner of the construction permit,[7] trading his stake in WGTR for the rights to channel 66 and an unbuilt FM station on Nantucket. In 1984, the Nantucket station was sold for $1.05 million.[8]
Garabedian decided to adopt a music video format, believing young viewers would be interested in lifestyle programming and calling the cable channel MTV "terrible" at the time.[9] Ahead of launching, Boston disc jockey Arnie Ginsburg became a 10-percent owner, and Kidder, Peabody & Company provided financing.[8] Channel 66 began broadcasting on February 12, 1985, as WVJV-TV "V-66", an all–music video station with studios in Framingham and the first new television station in Greater Boston since 1979. WVJV provided a format similar to MTV except for the inclusion of some local radio personalities and its availability to homes without cable television;[10][11][a] its musical style sat between the competing rock radio stations WBCN and WXKS-FM.[8] Its 1,400-foot (430 m) transmitter tower was located near Lake Boon in Hudson,[13] broadcasting the first stereo television signal in the area.[14] WVJV started with almost exclusively direct-response advertisements before attracting higher-quality advertisers seeking to reach viewers aged 18 to 34.[15][16] For video jockeys, V-66 had its own personalities as well as some from the local radio scene, including WXKS's Joe White[8] and Dale Dorman and WAAF's Bob and Zip.[17]
On April 28, 1986, WVJV introduced an evening block of non-music video programs. These included the game show The $100,000 Pyramid and two local series, Boston Tonight (hosted by Garabedian) and Boston SportsBeat (co-hosted by Bill Stephens). Ed Siegel of The Boston Globe compared Boston Tonight to "a yuppie version of Evening Magazine".[18] The new programming came at a time when WVJV, which had made an immediate mark in the ratings, was failing to grow its audience and even MTV was starting to add longer shows, beyond music videos.[19] Garabedian told The New York Times, "We are not a music-television station. We are a TV station aimed at a lifestyle. The nature of music-video programming is like a fast-food restaurant—viewers can walk in any time they want, grab a hamburger, gobble it and leave. The ratings services go by five-minute periods, but a video is four minutes long. If the next one comes on and the viewer doesn't like it, click! We need specific programs that people can look forward to."[20] The previously 24-hour operation began signing off overnight to save on electricity.[21] In early June, the programs were canceled and the staff of 30 hired to produce them laid off after ratings surveys indicated they were seen in fewer than 10,000 households, a number low enough to put off potential advertisers. Garabedian blamed people not realizing that WVJV was broadcasting programming other than videos and viewers' loyalty to existing programming in the time slots.[22] In a 2008 interview, he noted that people did not stay tuned to channel 66 for long: "We weren't sticky enough. We needed to be sticky to keep people watching."[23] In May 1986, Arbitron found that WVJV reached 324,000 people a week, good for sixth among the Boston market's six independent stations.[24]
Though the principals were willing to lose money in the first three years to "[do] the format the right way",[25] V-66—which Garabedian projected to lose $3 million in its first year—lost twice as much money.[26] Operators of other stations with similar formats claimed that advertisers' lack of experience with the format and inaccurate ratings measurement kept their advertising rates low and caused them to lose money.[27][28] In late June 1986, Garabedian and Ginsburg put WVJV-TV up for sale, citing a lack of growth potential, a plateauing of the interest in music videos, and strong demand for other Boston stations. In the six months previous to the announcement, WXNE-TV, WSBK-TV, and WQTV had all been put on the market.[26]
Retrospectively, WVJV was credited with giving a spotlight to local Boston musical groups such as 'Til Tuesday and Extreme[29] and for playing more heavy metal music than MTV, though some in the local music scene felt the station focused often on local artists but not on underground local artists.[30] It played the music video for the a-ha song "Take On Me", which MTV had mostly ignored when it released, helping propel the band to fame.[9] In 2008, filmmakers Eric Green and Christian de Rezendes began producing a documentary on WVJV-TV, Life on the V: The Story of V-66.[23] The film premiered in 2014 at the Independent Film Festival of Boston.[29]
For between $19 and $20 million, WVJV-TV was sold to the Home Shopping Network (HSN) in a deal announced in August 1986. The acquisition of WVJV-TV was announced at the same time as that of the New York market combo of WWHT and WSNL and signaled the entry of HSN into the broadcast television industry.[31] The three stations went for $46 million. The stations would carry the newly established Home Shopping Network 2 service, which offered a more upscale assortment of products than the existing HSN;[32] until the sale was approved by the FCC and closed, WVJV began broadcasting home shopping for 15 hours a day.[33] By January 23, 1987, when WVJV changed its call sign to WHSH to incorporate the initials "HS" for "home shopping", the network owned nine stations.[34] Except for some children's, religious, and ethnic programming on Sundays, WHSH broadcast home shopping around the clock.[35][36] The company later added stations in the Dallas–Fort Worth, Miami, and Tampa Bay markets, giving it 12 stations and making it the fifth-largest station owner by reach in the country as of 1992, behind the Big Three networks and Tribune Broadcasting.[37] That year, HSN spun off the twelve stations into a new company, Silver King Broadcasting.[38]
A joint venture led by Barry Diller bought the Silver King stations in 1996,[39] renaming the group USA Broadcasting. Beginning in 1998, USA Broadcasting began recasting the home shopping stations, one by one, as general-entertainment independents using a format known as "CityVision", inspired by Citytv in Toronto. Miami's WAMI was first in 1998, followed by WHOT-TV in Atlanta and KSTR-TV in the Dallas–Fort Worth market in 1999. WHSH was the fourth station earmarked for CityVision conversion, with hopes that once New York and Los Angeles followed, CityVision could increase its original programming budget.[40]
On August 1, 2000,[1] WHSH-TV became WHUB-TV, known as Hub 66. Its new program lineup included syndicated series, the USA original programs Strip Poker and 10's, and Boston University men's hockey.[41] It was the fourth—and final—CityVision station. The format failed to take off where it was introduced, and USA Broadcasting registered operating losses of $62 million in 2000 (equivalent to $116 million in 2025).[42] After discussions for a joint venture with ABC fell apart, the USA Broadcasting stations were sold to Univision for $1.1 billion (equivalent to $2.06 billion in 2025) in a deal announced in December 2000.[43][44]
In the interim, WHUB returned to carrying HSN programming on January 31, 2001, to cut costs.[45][46] The move left Boston University without an outlet for its hockey and basketball telecasts, with AT&T Broadband acquiring the rights to the Beanpot hockey tournament.[47]
Univision already had a Boston-market affiliate, WUNI (channel 27), owned by Entravision Communications.[48] Univision used most of the stations it acquired from USA Broadcasting to launch a second network, Telefutura, which debuted on January 14, 2002.[49] WHUB-TV changed call signs to WFUB on November 1, 2001, and to WUTF-TV on December 15.[1] When the network launched, Univision entered into a joint sales agreement with Entravision, whereby Entravision provided local sales and promotional services to the Univision-owned Telefutura stations in six markets: Albuquerque, Boston, Denver, Orlando, Tampa, and Washington, D.C. This agreement was replaced by a new version in 2004.[50] Telefutura rebranded as UniMás in 2013.[51]
On December 4, 2017, as part of a multi-market realignment, the programming and call signs of WUNI and WUTF were swapped: WUNI and its Univision programming moved to the Univision-owned facility using digital channel 27 and virtual channel 66, while Entravision's digital channel 29 and virtual channel 27 facility became the new home of UniMás affiliate WUTF-TV.[52] WUNI was already airing a local 6 p.m. newscast, which had debuted in 2003.[53]
WHSH commenced digital service in November 1998 and was Boston's second digital television station. It was chosen as a test site by USA Broadcasting because its tower needed to be replaced, allowing room for the digital facility on channel 23.[54] The station ceased analog service on channel 66 with the digital television transition in 2009 and moved its digital signal to channel 27.[55]
On January 31, 2023, WUNI began broadcasting ATSC 3.0 (NextGen TV) service for six participating Boston stations.[56]
The station's ATSC 1.0 channels are carried on the multiplexed signals of other Boston television stations:
| Subchannel | Res. | Short name | Programming | ATSC 1.0 host |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 66.1 | 1080i | WUNI-DT | Univision | WNEU |
| 66.2 | 480i | MSGold | MovieSphere Gold | WFXT |
| 66.3 | GetTV | Great | ||
| 66.4 | CourtTV | Court TV | WSBK-TV | |
| 66.5 | ON AIR | Infomercials | WGBH-TV |
WUNI broadcasts itself, WWJE-DT (channel 50), and the other ATSC 3.0 participating stations from its transmitter in Hudson, Massachusetts.[1]
| License | Subchannel | Res. | Short name | Programming |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WUNI | 2.1 | 1080p | WGBH*NX | PBS (WGBH-TV) |
| 4.1 | WBZ*NX | CBS (WBZ-TV) 
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| 5.1 | WCVB*NX | ABC (WCVB-TV)
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| 15.1 | WBTS*NX | NBC (WBTS-CD)
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| 25.1 | WFXT*NX | Fox (WFXT)
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| 66.1 | WUNI*NX | Univision
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| WWJE-DT | 50.1 | 480p | WWJE*NX | True Crime Network (via WCVB-TV) |
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Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
WUNI (channel 66) is a television station licensed to Marlborough, Massachusetts, United States, broadcasting the Spanish-language Univision network to the Boston area. It is owned by TelevisaUnivision alongside True Crime Network affiliate WWJE-DT (channel 50) and operated by Entravision Communications with UniMás affiliate WUTF-TV (channel 27). WUNI and WWJE share studios on 4th Avenue in Needham and are broadcast from a transmitter facility on Parmenter Road in Hudson. Channel 66 began broadcasting on February 12, 1985, as the all–music video station WVJV-TV, known as V-66. Founded by former Boston disc jockeys John Garabedian and Arnie Ginsburg and based in Framingham, WVJV aimed to be a local alternative to MTV with the ability to respond to market needs. V-66 attracted viewers immediately but proved unable to grow its audience share, turn a profit, or develop local non-video programming. With high demand for TV stations in the Boston market, it was put up for sale in mid-1986. The Home Shopping Network (HSN) bought WVJV-TV and a similar New York station, WWHT, in 1986, marking its debut in over-the-air broadcasting. The station changed its call sign to WHSH-TV and, with one exception, broadcast nearly continuous home shopping programming from October 1986 to January 2002. The exception was five months in 2000–2001 when the station became a local, general-entertainment independent station as WHUB-TV "Hub 66". The conversion was the last of four among the USA Broadcasting stations, the former HSN stations division, into locally focused stations. Hub 66's existence was cut short when USA Broadcasting sold its stations to Univision. Most of the stations were used to launch the Telefutura network, now UniMás, on January 14, 2002. In the Boston market and others where Entravision owned Univision stations, Univision signed an agreement for Entravision to manage both stations together. In 2017, Univision programming moved to channel 66 as part of a multi-market swap. The station produces a 6 p.m. local newscast.
WUTF-TV (channel 27) is a television station licensed to Worcester, Massachusetts, United States, broadcasting the Spanish-language UniMás network to the Boston area. It is owned by Entravision Communications and operated alongside Univision station WUNI (channel 66). WUTF-TV's studios are located on 4th Avenue in Needham, and it is broadcast from Stiles Hill in Boylston, Massachusetts. Channel 27 began broadcasting on January 2, 1970, as WSMW-TV, an English-language independent station established by the Worcester-based insurer State Mutual. In its early years, it was heavy on local programming, including two daily local newscasts covering Central Massachusetts news and telecasts of Boston Celtics basketball and local sporting events. Though the local shows and newscast length were reduced, the station followed much this format through its first decade and a 1977 sale to the Simon family of Indianapolis. In 1980, channel 27 began devoting evening and afternoon airtime to Preview, an over-the-air subscription television service that broadcast movies, special events, and sports to paying subscribers. At one point, Preview on WSMW-TV was the nation's 7th-largest STV service with 60,000 subscribers. Central Massachusetts Television, a firm owned by Nolanda Hill, acquired WSMW-TV in 1983, and a related company acquired the Preview service. The station moved its studios to a converted school in Shrewsbury and discontinued its news department and other local programming in 1984. Preview lost subscribers to cable and cheap decoder boxes and ceased programming on December 31, 1985. The station reverted to an ad-supported, general-entertainment independent with a selection of local programs, though never a newscast. In 1992, the station began airing Spanish-language programming, first from Telemundo and later Univision. Hill's TV stations were foreclosed on by the Jasas Corporation in 1993; Jasas maintained the Univision affiliation, selling channel 27 to Entravision in 2000. The station debuted a local newscast in 2003. Though Univision had come to own channel 66, which was programmed with the Telefutura network (now UniMás), Entravision operated channels 27 and 66 under a joint sales agreement. In 2017, Univision moved the network programming and WUNI call letters to its own transmitter on channel 66, with UniMás moving to channel 27.
WWJE-DT (channel 50) is a television station licensed to Derry, New Hampshire, United States, serving the Boston area as an affiliate of True Crime Network. It is owned by TelevisaUnivision alongside Univision station WUNI (channel 66). The two stations share main studios and transmitter facilities on Parmenter Road in Hudson, Massachusetts; WWJE is operated separately from WUNI by Entravision Communications, owner of UniMás affiliate WUTF-TV (channel 27). WWJE formerly broadcast local newscasts from a studio located in Concord, branded as the NH1 News Network or NH1 News. Besides WBIN, sister radio station WNNH also used the NH1 News branding from August 2015 to August 2017. WBIN-TV was one of only two television stations based in the state of New Hampshire to broadcast local newscasts (alongside WMUR-TV), as much of the state is part of the Boston media market. On February 17, 2017, WBIN canceled its newscasts as part of a wind-down of the station's operations following the sale of its spectrum in the Federal Communications Commission's incentive auction. The station shut down its channel 35 transmitter on Merrill Hill in Hudson, New Hampshire, on September 15, 2017, and began operating on channel 27 through a channel sharing agreement with channel 66 (then WUTF-DT); the WBIN-TV license was subsequently sold by Carlisle One Media, a company controlled by Bill Binnie, to WUNI's owner, Univision Communications.
Charklik or Charkhlik (Chinese: 卡克里克) is an archaeological site named after the town of Charkhlik (Qakilik), in Ruoqiang (Qakilik) County, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Together with the nearby Miran site, they correspond to two ancient capitals of Shanshan, Wuni (扜泥, OC:**__ C.nˤ[əj]/qʰʷa niːl) and Yixun (伊循, OC:**ʔij sə.lu[n]/*qlil ljun). However, it is as yet unclear which site correspond to which capital.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →Shirley Chisholm, elected in 1968.
