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THE JOURNEY THROUGH TIME

Explore Black History

Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.

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Civil Rights

Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.

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Black Inventors

Innovation, patents, science, technology and world-changing contributions.

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Sports

Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.

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People

Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.

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Places

Black towns, communities, institutions and places where history happened.

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Events

Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.

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MY'STORY

The MOVE Fire

This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985 Philadelphia police fired thousands of rounds at the MOVE house, city officials approved dropping an explosive device on the roof, the resulting fire was allowed to burn, 11 people—including five children—died, and 61 homes were destroyed. Philadelphia City Council later called it a “brutal attack carried out by the City of Philadelphia on its own citizens” and acknowledged that no individual faced criminal consequences for the bombing. One timeline correction worth preserving for the BHP record: the major previous MOVE-police confrontation was August 8, 1978, about seven years before the bombing, not a year or two earlier. Officer James Ramp was killed, other police and firefighters were wounded, nine MOVE members were later convicted, and television cameras recorded police beating Delbert Africa during his arrest. The 1985 MOVE Commission later specifically criticized city planners for failing to adequately use lessons from that 1978 confrontation. And that actually strengthens the point you’re making: 1985 did not happen without precedent or institutional memory. There had already been a deadly confrontation with MOVE, years of conflict, negotiations and police involvement before Osage Avenue.

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BLACK FACTS
The Truths They Never Taught You...

Ruler of the Mali Empire in the 14th century

Mansa Musa was the ruler of the Mali Empire in West Africa. Details recorded here should be sourced; unknown information is left blank.

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BHP gathered finds from its connected research sources. Showing the 4 strongest Black History matches.
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NMAAHC

Legion of Merit with Oak Leaf Cluster awarded to Lt. Col. Colin L. Powell

Date
August 8, 1972
Caption
Lt. Col. Colin Powell was first awarded the Legion of Merit in 1969 for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding service in the Republic of Vietnam. He received his second Legion of Merit in 1972 while stationed in D.C. The second award of this medal is denoted by the oak leaf cluster on the ribbon.
Description
One (1) Legion of Merit with Oak Leaf Cluster awarded to General Colin L. Powell. It is designed in the shape of the five-armed "Maltese Asterisk" with five distinctive "arrowhead" shaped arms and ten pointed crosses with gold balls at the end of each point. Surrounding each of the five points is a gold design of swords and a green border. At the center of the medallion is a blue circle with thirteen stars. On the reverse of the medallion on the outer scroll is the engraved inscription “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” and in the center circle, “ANNUIT COEPTIS MDCCLXXXII”. This translates to "He [God] Has Favored Our Undertakings". The medal is suspended from a double-sided silk crimson and white silk ribbon with a bronze oak leaf cluster attached.
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National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Classification
Awards, Medals, and Insignia
Credit Line
Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Alma J. Powell
Data Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Object number
A2022.101.1.56
Type
medals
Restrictions & Rights
No known copyright restrictions
Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.
Medium
enamel on gold with silk (textile)
Dimensions
H x W x D: 3 1/8 × 1 7/8 × 3/16 in. (7.9 × 4.8 × 0.5 cm)
Title
Object Name • Legion of Merit with Oak Leaf Cluster awarded to Lt. Col. Colin L. Powell
Record ID
nmaahc_A2022.101.1.56
Museum
NMAAHC
Title Sort
LEGION OF MERIT WITH OAK LEAF CLUSTER AWARDED TO LT. COL. COLIN L. POWELL
Source
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Metadata Usage
CC0
Date
1970s
Geo Location
City • Washington • County • District of Columbia • Country • United States • Continent • North and Central America
Type
Online Media Type
Images
Online Media Rights
No Known Copyright Restrictions

Media

Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture, Smithsonian Institution. Rights and restrictions shown above are supplied by the Smithsonian record.

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NMAAHC

Aerial photograph of a field near White Oak, Georgia

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NMAAHC

Legion of Merit with Oak Leaf Cluster awarded to Lt. Col. Colin L. Powell

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NMAAHC

Wicker chair from Shearer Cottage

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NMAAHC

Hall table from Shearer Cottage

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TOPIC OF THE DAY

Greenwood / Black Wall Street

Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.

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TRIVIA QUESTION OF THE DAY

Which Black woman became the first elected to the United States Congress?

Shirley Chisholm, elected in 1968.