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Mansa Musa was the ruler of the Mali Empire in West Africa. Details recorded here should be sourced; unknown information is left blank.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
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Ed Wingate Jr. (13 February 1919 – 5 May 2006) was an African-American record label owner based in Detroit in the 1960s. Although never convicted, he was implicated as a major figure in the illegal numbers game in Detroit.
Wingate was born on 13 February 1919 in Moultrie, Georgia. In the 1930s, his family relocated to Detroit, where he pursued his passion to write and produce music, co-founding Golden World Records in 1961. He developed a roster of artists that included Edwin Starr, The Parliaments, The Fantastic Four, J.J. Barnes, Laura Lee, The Reflections, and Gino Washington, eventually growing his family of entertainment ventures to include Golden World Records, Golden World Studios, and the Ric-Tic label. He sold the Golden World brand to his local competitor, Motown's Berry Gordy, in 1968.
In 1961, after rejecting a previous offer to become a partner in the prominent African-American owned label Motown, Wingate partnered with Joanne Bratton to launch Golden World Records. The company consisted of a record label and publishing company, differentiating itself from its competitors by advertising for the talent they were representing.[1] By 1963, the company had become comparable to Motown.[2] Wingate and Bratton formed separate record labels within the Golden World brand, including Wingate, J&W, and Ric-Tic. They also set up their own recording facilities and launched local artists. In 1968, after five years of operation, Golden World and Ric-Tic were acquired by Berry Gordy and absorbed into Motown.[3]
In 1928, the numbers game had become so popular in Detroit that winning numbers were published in the local newspapers to stimulate sales.[4] By the 1960s, many African-Americans who had been shut out of traditional employment within Detroit were drawn to entrepreneurship and became involved in numbers games. This involved the acceptance and collection of bets, drawing the winning numbers, and if a customer got lucky and "hit", a "banker" would be responsible for paying out the winnings.[5]
FBI informants within the Detroit numbers game named Eddie Wingate, Clarence Williams, John Judson White, Walter Simmons, and Burrell "Junior" Pace as main numbers operators within the city.[6] Informants also stated that Wingate started off a "small man" and quickly rose to fame because he was able to take over the Black market, which had been run by Italian players.[7] In her book, Bridgett Davis discusses her mother's experience working with Wingate in the numbers game, and spoke of him as intimidating and extremely demanding in instances when the numbers were not turned in and winnings were not distributed properly.[5]
Wingate died in Las Vegas, Nevada on 5 May 2006. He was 86 years old. Many Detroit artists remember him for his record label, which was considered a powerhouse that many viewed as a threat to Motown Records.[3]
In the online guestbook attached to Wingate's death notice on the websites of the Detroit Free Press and Detroit News, Laura Lee wrote, "I have Ed Wingate to thank for giving me my first hit record 'To Win Your Heart.' He will be truly missed." Furthermore, Don Davis, chairman of First Independence Bank in Detroit claimed Wingate told him "he loved me like a son and I told him I loved him like a father." Davis even said he wanted to write a book that would illustrate how many black entrepreneurs were mentored, helped, and influenced by Wingate. "He was the go-to guy to get anything done of any magnitude if you were black," said Davis. "The guy who held the community together".[3]
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
WinGate is an integrated multi-protocol proxy server, email server and internet gateway from Qbik New Zealand Limited in Auckland. It was first released in October 1995, and began as a re-write of SocketSet, a product that had been previously released in prototype form by Adrien de Croy. WinGate proved popular, and by the mid- to late 1990s, WinGate was used in homes and small businesses that needed to share a single Internet connection between multiple networked computers. The introduction of Internet Connection Sharing in Windows 98, combined with increasing availability of cheap NAT-enabled routers, forced WinGate to evolve to provide more than just internet connection sharing features. Today, focus for WinGate is primarily access control, email server, caching, reporting, bandwidth management and content filtering. WinGate comes in three versions, Standard, Professional and Enterprise. The Enterprise edition also provides an easily configured virtual private network system, which is also available separately as WinGate VPN. Licensing is based on the number of concurrently connected users, and a range of license sizes are available. Multiple licenses can also be aggregated. The current version of WinGate is version 9.4.10 and was released on August 4th, 2026.
Wingate may refer to:
Stewart Wingate is the chief executive of Gatwick Airport. He was born in Bishop Auckland, County Durham, where he left school at 16 to pursue a career in industry at Black+Decker. During his time at Black+Decker he attended university, graduating from Northumbria University with a degree in electrical and electronic engineering, and then from Newcastle University with an MBA. After periods in Germany and the Czech Republic he left Black+Decker and joined Glasgow Airport as operations director followed by stints as chief executive of Budapest Airport and in 2007, managing director of Stansted Airport, before taking over at Gatwick in 2009.
Ed Wingate Jr. (13 February 1919 – 5 May 2006) was an African-American record label owner based in Detroit in the 1960s. Although never convicted, he was implicated as a major figure in the illegal numbers game in Detroit. Wingate was born on 13 February 1919 in Moultrie, Georgia. In the 1930s, his family relocated to Detroit, where he pursued his passion to write and produce music, co-founding Golden World Records in 1961. He developed a roster of artists that included Edwin Starr, The Parliaments, The Fantastic Four, J.J. Barnes, Laura Lee, The Reflections, and Gino Washington, eventually growing his family of entertainment ventures to include Golden World Records, Golden World Studios, and the Ric-Tic label. He sold the Golden World brand to his local competitor, Motown's Berry Gordy, in 1968.
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →The Greenwood District.