Civil Rights
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Explore the people, places, events, achievements, struggles and stories that shaped our journey.
Movements, leaders, victories and the continuing fight for equality.
Innovation, patents, science, technology and world-changing contributions.
Pioneers, champions, Negro Leagues, records, activism and excellence.
Meet the people whose lives, choices and achievements shaped the journey.
Black towns, communities, institutions and places where history happened.
Moments that changed communities, movements, institutions and the nation.
Katherine Johnson’s mathematical calculations helped guide some of America’s most important early space missions while she confronted the racial and gender barriers faced by Black women in twentieth-century America.
MORE →Reflects the personal views, recollections, and perspective of the author, Mike Davis.
This is a personal recollection on the Move fire on May 13, 1985
XZ, X.Z., or xz may refer to:
Source: Wikipedia. Article content is retrieved live through the MediaWiki API.
XZ Utils (previously LZMA Utils) is a set of free-software command-line lossless data compressors, including the programs lzma and xz, for Unix-like operating systems and, from version 5.0 onwards, Microsoft Windows. For compression/decompression the Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm (LZMA) is used. XZ Utils started as a Unix port of Igor Pavlov's LZMA-SDK that has been adapted to fit seamlessly into Unix environments and their usual structure and behavior.
On 29 March 2024, a malicious backdoor was discovered in the compression software XZ Utils. The backdoor gives an attacker who possesses a specific private key the ability to remotely execute code on an affected system through OpenSSH, a set of networking utilities. The backdoor was discovered by software developer Andres Freund. It was later discovered that the exploit was deliberately included into the software in February 2024 by a user going by the name of "Jia Tan", affecting both version 5.6.0 and 5.6.1. The issue was given the CVE exploit number CVE-2024-3094 and was assigned a CVSS score of 10.0, the highest possible score, indicating that the exploit was extremely severe. While XZ Utils is commonly present in most Linux distributions, at the time of discovery the affected versions had not yet been widely deployed to production systems, but were present in development versions of major distributions, resulting in distribution maintainers rebuilding their packages to mitigate the exploit. A patch for this backdoor was released on 29 May 2024, with version number 5.6.2. The exploit was noted for its high level of obfuscation, being the result of a campaign lasting years.
The ZIM file format is an open file format that stores website content for offline usage. The format is defined by the openZIM project, which also supports an open-source ZIM reader called Kiwix. The format is primarily used to store the contents of Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects, including articles, full-text search indices and auxiliary files. ZIM is an abbreviation for 'Zeno improved', as it replaced the earlier Zeno file format. Since 2021, the library defaults to Zstandard file compression, and also supports LZMA2 compression, as implemented by the XZ Utils library. Most notably, the compression ratio can be up to 3∶1 with almost all of the space savings taking place within the clusters.
XZ, X.Z., or xz may refer to:
Before the 1921 destruction of Tulsa’s Greenwood District, Black residents had created a remarkable center of business and community life. The district included stores, professional offices, entertainment venues and homes owned by Black citizens. Understanding Greenwood means learning what was built—not only what was burned.
MORE →The Greenwood District.